Lecture 10 Emotion

Front 1

A two year old goes to hospital

Back 1

Documentary about a 2 year old going to a hospital, made it so family members could visit, showed the issues of isolation on two year olds.

Front 2

John Bowlby

Back 2

Conducted a study with James Robertson on (two year old hospital movie), conducted an experiment on teenage truants, and wrote for the world health organization.

Developed attachment theory, 60% of mothers do a good job,

Front 3

Mother Blaming (John Bowlby attachment theory)

Back 3

Poor parenting is passed down, so blame as well as compassion should be given.

Front 4

Criticisms of attachment theory

Back 4

Avoidant and anxious attachment aren't as detrimental as they seem. Disorganized attachment is worse.

Front 5

Emotional Bond and attachment to caregiver

Back 5

Shown in geese by Konrad Lorenz, Bowlby said humans have similar responses and needs.

- ensures proximity of child to parent so that they will survive.

Front 6

Ainsworth attachment study

Back 6

Children left with two strange events in a study by Ainsworth were shown to have either secure or anxious bonds to their parents absence.

- Secure children easy to soothe

- Anxious children not easy to soothe

- Avoidant infants don't cry and don't seek contact

Front 7

Internal Working models of Attachment

Back 7

Howard Steele wrote Journal of attachment and development

- attachment style are mental models of attachment figure and self

- Stiff upper lip parenting causes avoidant attachment

Front 8

Judy Dunn's criticisms

Back 8

Judy Dunn questions the validity of strange situation, does it work for daycare and multicultural children?

Attachment to daycare people is not bad, and can actually be beneficial.

Multicultural response is not known.

Front 9

Howard Steele strange situation predictor power

Back 9

Strange situation predicts parents style of parenting with 70%-80% accuracy

Front 10

Femmie Juffer and helping those with bad parenting styles

Back 10

Simple interventions like having the parent use a "snugglier" baby carrier seem to help create better attachment styles. Longitudinal evidence supports this.

Front 11

Edward Melhuish attachment style predictions and how to help

Back 11

attachment styles in preschool predicts future attachment

consistent communication responsive to child's needs

increasing programs that create secure attachment will better society

Front 12

Disorganized Attachment

Back 12

Disorganized is a reaction to a mother who is freightened or freightening (kid starts towards mother than hides, appears spastic or autistic). Kid has no organized strategy for when parent comes back and feels fearful with stranger.
- being anxious or avoidant is not awful, but disorganization is bad

Front 13

Anxious Attachment

Back 13

Feelings of being unlovable, very invested in relationships, cannot deal with emotion well.

Worries about rejection but discloses too much information

Obsessed with romantic partner and due to anxiety has lots of sex

fears death

Front 14

Avoidant Attachment

Back 14

Stoic emotionless, as a result, sees partner as sex object, and doesn't like to touch others

doesn't remember childhood

doesn't like open caring people and becomes bored and distant when interacting with others

subconscious fear of death

Front 15

Secure attachment

Back 15

Enjoys relationships, as a result is sexually healthy and capable of seeking support

capable of helping others in distress and dealing with distress

reacts to death with a desire to be close to others and a sense of going on through child

Front 16

Dream study (attachment dreams)

Back 16

people recall dreams for 30 days, averaged 14 dreams per participant

dreams of:

Anxious: helpless, weak, unloved

Avoidant: uncooperative and emotionally unexpressive

Front 17

Secure base study 1 (response to four pictures of a secure base)

Back 17

Study 1: series of drawings that form outline of secure base script

.35 for anxiety and .45 for avoidance.

(low scores in response to these secure base scripts)

Front 18

Secure Base Study 2 (response to a picture and what happened in the picture)

Back 18

Study 2

write about a person in distress

Anxious/Avoidant: portrayed the injured and others in the picture as less positive, and left out sensitivity

anxious: injured person didn't get better

avoidant: relief with no social support

Front 19

Repressing thoughts of separation for different attachment styles

Back 19

Avoidant people: could not suppress thoughts of separation under cognitive load, and repressed them whether instructed to or not

Under low load they activate positive self representations

cannot suppress loss or negative self traits, even in control condition

Front 20

Orbitofrontal Cortex (anxious attachment)

Back 20

emotional control

Front 21

Left anterior temporal pole (anxious attachment)

Back 21

recall of sad thoughts and activated during negative thoughts

Front 22

Left Hippocampus

Back 22

Memory retrieval, activated during negative thoughts

Front 23

PTSD and Attachment study

Back 23

groups who scored above and below the 75th and 25th percentile participated of PTSD did a stroop task for 10 terror related words and 10 unrelated words

primed with: hat (neutral), loved (positive attachment), success (generally positive)

Anxious: More PTSD thought intrusions

Avoidant: Suppression of trauma

PTSD groups had: longer color naming times for terror words