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26 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Gonorrhea (GC) |
is caused by a bacterium (Neisseria gonorrhoeae) - usually requires direct mucosal contact - it can cause urethritis, cervicitis, and PID |
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Gonococci |
can ascend into the uterus and fallopian tubes during menses - when the cervical mucus plug disappears or by adhering to sperm and being transported higher |
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Gonorrhea in males causes |
dysuria and mucopurulent discharge |
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Gonnorrhea in females |
there is usually a mucopurulent vaginal discharge arising from the cerivical os, friability of the cervix, dysuria, and pain with sex |
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Chlamydia (CT) |
is caused by a tiny bacterium called Chlamydia trachomatis - it is the most common bacterial sexually transmitted infection in the United States |
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Chlamydia in males causes |
non-gonococcal urethritis |
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Chlamydia in females causes |
cervicitis and PID |
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About how many Chlamydia infections are asymptomatic? |
75% - untreated infections can cause infertility due to damage to the fallopian tubes |
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Syphilis |
in not very common - it is caused by an anerobic bacterium called Treponema palladium |
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Syphilis can be passed |
from an infected mother to the fetus - so the RPR test for syphilis is a routine part of the obstetrical lab panel |
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Stage I syphilis (primary) |
is a local invasion causing penile or vulvar sore called a chancre |
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Stage II syphilis (secondary) |
is a systemic disease - with spread to all organs |
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Stage III syphilis (latent) |
has no clinical symptoms of the infection but transmission of the infection can occur |
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Stage IV syphilis (tertiary) |
is when organ damage and neurological disease occurs - can result in death |
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Trichomonas vaginalis |
is caused by flagellated protozoa |
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What are the symptoms of trichonoman vaginalis? |
it can be asymptomatic - but usually causes a profuse vaginal discharge and itching in females and urethritis in males - it is difficult to diagnose in males so if the female is diagnosed her partner should be treated as well |
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Genital herpes |
is caused by the Herpes simplex virus (HSV) |
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HSV I |
oral herpes |
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HSV II |
are genital herpes |
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What happens with herpes virus |
the virus invades the epithelial cells and replicates and then invades adjacent cells - it eventually invades the sensory nerves and is transported to the sacral sensory dorsal nerve roots where is can remain latent until it is reactivated - when it is reactivated the viral DNA is transported back through the sensory nerves to the same on the skin where the initial lesion occurred |
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Genital warts (condylomata) |
some strains of the HPV viruses can cause them - Types 6 and 11 are associated with most of the infections |
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Molluscum contagiosum |
is cause by a viral infection and requires direct skin-to-skin contact - it causes a small papule to form with a depressed center - white waxy discharge can be expressed from them - they usually disappear spontaneously after several months but can be cut off, frozen off, or cauterized with silver nitrate |
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Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID) |
is an acute infection caused by an ascending infection involving the tubes and/or ovaries - |
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What are the other names used simultaneously with PID |
salpingitis and oophorits |
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What causes PID |
chlamydia or gonorrhea infections but can also be caused by other bacteria - often in combination (such as gardnerella, haemophilus, streptococci, ureaplasma, and mycoplasma, and even E. coli |
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PID causes inflammation in the tubes |
which can lead to infertility and ectopic pregnancy |
