Lecture 1 Sport Injury

Front 1

The sports medical care of athletes is wrongly often assumed to comprise simply the immediate treatment of the and injuries systemic medical problems.

Back 1

Sports rehabilitation is a process designed to:

1) Maximize fitness.

2) Promote recovery.

3) Maximize performance.

4) Maximize functional capacity.

5) Minimize the loss associated with acute injury or chronic disease.

Front 2

• From a clinical perspective it is possible to divide the rehabilitation process into five stages.

Back 2

STAGE 1 Protection Mobilization Walking

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Front 3

STAGE 2 Open/closed kinetic chain exercises Proprioceptive running

Back 3

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Front 4

STAGE 3 Sport specific drills Roconditioning

(Recovery of sport specific skills)

Back 4

STAGE 4 Maintonance Prevention of reinjury(Complete Functional Recovery)

Front 5

The goals during the initial phase of the rehabilitation process include:

Back 5

1) Pain relief.

2) Limitation of tissue damage.

3) Control of the inflammatory response to injury.

4) Protection of the affected anatomical area (most important).

Front 6

• The pathological events that take place immediately after the injury could lead to impairments such as

Back 6

1) Weakness.

2) Muscle atrophy.

3) Functional losses.

4) Limitation in the joint range of motion.

Front 7

• The goals during the second phase of rehabilitation include:

1) Limitation of the impairment.

2) Recovery from the functional losses.

Back 7

• A number of physical modalities are used to enhance tissue healing, Exercise to regain flexibility, strength; endurance, balance, and coordination become the central component of the intervention.

Front 8

The final phase of rehabilitation represents the start of the conditioning process needed to return to sports training and competition.

Back 8

• Understanding the demands of the particular sport becomes essential as well as communication with the coach. This phase also represents an opportunity to identify and correct risk factors, thus reducing the possibility of re-injury.

- The use of orthotic devices to support musculoskeletal function and the correction of muscle imbalances and inflexibility in uninjured areas should receive the attention of the physiotherapist.

Front 9

• Understanding the incidence and prevalence of injuries based on variables such as:

Back 9

1) Gender.

2) Age group.

3) Type of the injury.

4) Nature of the sport.

5) Nature of the injury.

6) Time since the onset of symptoms.

Front 10

Patterns of Sports Injuries • It is common to examine distribution of injuries in relation to other variables of interest like:

Back 10

1) Age group.

2) Anatomical area.

3) Severity of injury.

4) Specific diagnosis.

5) Time since onset of symptoms.

6) Type of injury (traumatic vs. overuse).

7) Whether the injury occurred during training or competition.

Front 11

Roughly 45 - 60% of all injuries treated in a sports medicine clinic can be classified as over-use injuries.

Back 11

• This is particularly true in sports like gymnastics where soft tissues and joints are subject to unusual positions and stresses.

Front 12

When the incidence of sports injuries is analyzed by anatomical region, the most frequently injured areas are:

1) Knee.

2) Shoulder.

3) Ankle.

Back 12

• Knowledge of the anatomical distribution of injuries in a particular sport is essential to develop a training program that maximizes sport- specific conditioning and minimizes the risk of injury.

Front 13

A well-planned rehabilitation program should include exercises for the injured area as well as for those areas at risk of injury in the specific sports activity.

Back 13

Most sports injuries are relatively mild and do not require surgical intervention.