Learning Processes Ch. 1

Front 1

association

Back 1

a connection or linkage between the representations of two events (S-S or S-R)

Front 2

declarative or episodic learning

Back 2

learning about a specific event or fact (usually conscious)

Front 3

dualism

Back 3

view of behavior according to which actions can be separated into two categories: voluntary behavior controlled by the mind, and involuntary behavior controlled by reflex mechanisms

Front 4

empiricism

Back 4

a philosophy according to which all ideas in the mind arise from experience

Front 5

fatigue

Back 5

temporary decrease in behavior caused by repeated or excessive user of the muscles involved in the behavior

Front 6

hedonism

Back 6

Hobbes; actions are determined entirely by the pursuit of pleasure and the avoidance of pain

Front 7

learning

Back 7

an enduring change in the mechanisms of behavior involving specific stimuli and/or responses that results from prior experience with similar stimuli and responses

Front 8

maturation

Back 8

change in behavior caused by physical or physiological development of the organism in the absence of experience with particular environmental events

Front 9

nativism

Back 9

philosophy according to which human beings are born with innate ideas

Front 10

nervism

Back 10

the philosophical position (Pavlov) that all behavioral and physiological process are regulated by the nervous system

Front 11

nonsense syllable

Back 11

3-letter combination that has no meaning (two consonants with a vowel in the middle); Ebbinghaus and learning curve

Front 12

performance

Back 12

an organism's activities at a particular time

Front 13

procedural learning

Back 13

learning ways of doing things rather than learning about specific events (not usually conscious)

Front 14

reflex

Back 14

a mechanism that enables a specific environmental event to elicit a specific response