Learning And Memory

Front 1

declarative memoery

Back 1

facts
events

-short term declarative memory
-working memory
-long term memory

Front 2

nondeclarative memory

Back 2

implicit memory

-conditioning
-procedural

Front 3

conditioning

Back 3

non-declarative, implicit memory

emotoinal respnoses to facial expressions and decisions made during emotional states involving the amygdala

Front 4

procedural

Back 4

non-declarative, implicit memory,

throwing a ball, tying shoes, playing piano,

usually canNOT access for conscious recollection

Front 5

bird hatchlings instinctual behaviors are what type of memory

Back 5

non-declarative, implicit

Front 6

cell assembly model

Back 6

representatoin of an object in the brain consists of all the cortical cells that are activated by the external stimulus - cell assembly

cells reciprocally interconnected

if activation of cell asembly long enough, consolidation would occur, making reciprocal connectoins more effective.

Front 7

engram

Back 7

physical representation / LOCATION of a memory

memory trace

Front 8

another name for a memory trace

Back 8

engram

Front 9

medial temporal lobe includes

Back 9

hippocampus
entorhinal cortex
perirhinal cortex
parahippocampal gyrus

Front 10

conections to the medial tempeoral lobe

Back 10

inputs from association areas of the cerebral cortex

e.g. IT visual cortex projects to the medial temporal lobe

Front 11

declarative memory brain systems involve which parts of the brain

Back 11

medial temporal lobe
frontal cortex
dorsolateral and anterolateral regions

Front 12

IT visual cortex =

Back 12

inferotemporal visual cortex

projects to the medial temporal lobe

Front 13

connections to the medial temporal lobe first reach the ___ and ___ cortex before passing to the hippocampus

Back 13

rhinal and harahippocampal cortex before reachign the hippocampus.

Front 14

major ouputs of the medial temporal lobe include the

Back 14

fornix wihch loops around the thalamus to the hypothalamus

Front 15

bilateral temporal lobectomies

Back 15

cant form new declarative memories

procedural memories ok

e.g. improve motor skill wtih practice but cant remember practicing

Front 16

hippocampus and what other structures important for long term memory consolidation

Back 16

parahippocampal cortex
entorhinal
perirhinal cortex

Front 17

bilateral temporal lesion in monkeys

Back 17

poor performance on remembering location of object for more than a few seconds

Front 18

hippocampal lesions in rat maze

Back 18

do not explore systematically
abolished short term memory
lost working memory

Front 19

damage to diencephalon causes:

Back 19

anterograde and retrograde amnesia

Front 20

korsakoff's syndrome

Back 20

memory impairment caused by chronic alcoholism

lesions to doromedial thalamus & mammillary bodies --> anterograde amnesia

lesions to cerebellum, BS, cortex --> retrograde amnesia

Front 21

lesions to doromedial thalamus & mammillary bodies -->

Back 21

anterograde amnesia

Front 22

lesions to cerebellum, BS, cortex -->

Back 22

retrograde amnesia

Front 23

monkey lesions to thalamus

Back 23

poor performance on delayed non-match to sample test

cant retain memory (seconds)

Front 24

which nuclei of the thalamus involved in memory

Back 24

anterior
dorsomedial nuclei
thalamus
mamillary bodies (of HT)

Front 25

fornix

Back 25

axons from hippocampus to mammillary bodies

Front 26

HC axons --> mamillary bodies (fornix) --> anteiror nucleus --> cingulate gyrus

this is 1/2 of what circuit

Back 26

papez

Front 27

temporal lobe (and amygdala) --> dorso medial nucleus --> frontal cortex

Back 27

thalamic memory

Front 28

poor performance in the wisconsin card sorting test reflective of what type of brain lesion

Back 28

prefrontal cortex lesion
impaired workingin memory

prefrontal lesions derade performance on the delayed reponse test too

Front 29

striatum and procedural memory

Back 29

caudate, putamen, globidus pallidus

receives input from the frontal and parietal cortex --> thalamus

learning procedural memory

forming brhavioral habits

Front 30

which brain area involved in learning procedural memory and forming behavioral habits

Back 30

striatum

Front 31

lesion to what area of brain = difficulty planning actions for a gial. cant trace a line maze. cant use working memory

Back 31

prefrontal cortex lesion