Learning

Front 1

Learning

Back 1

A lasting change in behavior or mental processes that results from experience

Front 2

Habituation

Back 2

Learning not to respond to the repeated presentation of a stimulus

Front 3

Mere Exposure Effect

Back 3

Learned preference for stimuli which we have already been exposed to

Front 4

Behavioral Learning

Back 4

Forms of learning that can be described in terms of stimuli and responses

Front 5

Neutral Stimulus

Back 5

Any stimulus that prodcues no conditioned response prior to learning

Front 6

Acquisition

Back 6

Initial learning stage in classical conditioning

Front 7

Unconditioned Stimulus

Back 7

Stimulus that elicits an unconditioned response

Front 8

Unconditioned Response

Back 8

Response elicited by an unconditioned stimulus without prior learning

Front 9

Conditioned Stimulus

Back 9

A previously neutral stimulus that comes to elicit the conditioned response

Front 10

Conditioned Response

Back 10

Response elicited by a previously neutral stimulus that has become associated with the unconditioned stimulus

Front 11

Extinction

Back 11

Weakening of a conditioned response in the absence of an unconditioned stimulus

Front 12

Spontaneous Recovery

Back 12

Reappearance of an extinguished conditioned response after a time-delay

Front 13

Stimulus Generalization

Back 13

Giving a conditioned response to stimuli that are similar to the conditioned stimulus

Front 14

Stimulus Discrimination

Back 14

Learning to respond to a particular stimulus but not to stimuli that are similar

Front 15

Experimental Neurosis

Back 15

Caused by confusing stimuli

Front 16

Operant Conditioning

Back 16

A form of behavioral learning in which the probability of a response is changed by its consequences, by the stimuli that follow the response

Front 17

Law of Effect

Back 17

Responses that produced desirable results would be learned, or "stamped" into the organism

Front 18

Reinforcer

Back 18

A condition that occurs after the response and strengthens that response

Front 19

B. F. Skinner

Back 19

Believed the most powerful influences on behavior are its consequences
Believed in reinforcement
"Skinner box" or operant chamber-device to study the effects of reinforcers on lab animals

Front 20

John Watson and Rosalie Rayner

Back 20

"Little Albert" Experiment
Conditioned fear in a human
In this case, furry objects like santa claus

Front 21

Ivan Pavlov

Back 21

Studied reflexes in dogs
Discovered classical conditioning

Front 22

Edward Thorndike

Back 22

Used rewards and punishments to shape behavior
Discovered Law of Effect
Believed in organism's feelings, inentions, goals

Front 23

Positive Reinforcers

Back 23

Stimulus presented after the response that increases the probability of that response happening again
Positive= add or apply

Front 24

Negative Reinforcers

Back 24

Removal of an unpleasant stimulus that increases the probability of that response happening again
Negative=subtract or remove