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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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bulk-forming laxatives
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methylcellulose
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MOA of bulk-forming laxatives
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swell in water and cause distention of intestinal wall which activates stretch receptors
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osmotic laxatives
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sodium phosphate (saline laxative)
lactulose (nondigestable sugars and alcohol) polyethylene glycol (electrolyte solution) |
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MOA of osmotic laxatives
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osmotic effect that increases intraluminal volume and activates stretch receptors
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MOA of stimulant laxatives
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irritant effect on the small intestine or colon which activates enteric nervous system and increases peristalsis
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MOA of lubipostone
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selective type 2 chloride channel activator that increases fluid secretion
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tx for acute or chronic constipation agents
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methylcellulose
bisacodyl |
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tx for chronic constipation
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lubiprostone
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agents used to evacuate the bowel prior to procedure
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sodium phosphate
high dose polyethylene glycol |
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how can oral sodium phosphate cause acute phosphate nephropathy
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large amounts of PO4 absorbed w/o enough water, PO4 precipitates in the distal tubule and collecting duct
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MOA of docusate
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surfactant that lowers fecal surface tension (softens stool)
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usefulness of docusonate in a pt. with constipation
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prevents straining during defacation
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MOA of diphenoxylate
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hits opioid receptors and reduces peristalsis and intestinal secretions
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MOA of loperamide
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hits opioid receptors and reduces peristalsis and intestinal secretions
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opioid antidiarrheals
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diphenoxylate + atropine
loperamide |
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MOA of bismuth subsalicylate
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bismuth: binds enterotoxins (good for travelers diarrhea)
salicylate: decreases intestinal secretions |
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used to tx IBD with diarrhea
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loperamide
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why is atropine added to diphenoxylate in lomotil
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to prevent abuse and overdose
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stimulant laxatives
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bisacodyl
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stool softener
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docusate sodium
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opioid antidiarrheals
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diphenoxylate (+atropine)
loperamide |
