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47 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Reasons for training |
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Pre-Occupation |
•RadioTraffic •CellPhones •TransportingPrisoners •Watchingfor Criminal Activity •FindingAddresses •MDT/Pager |
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Physical Conditioning |
Poor physical conditioning causes fatigue Fatigue caused by: - rotating shifts - secondary employment - lack of physical exercise Fatigue causes drivers to: - become more irritable - discourteous - overact to minor irritations - effects visual efficiency - lengthens perception and reaction times |
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Why do we wear seatbelts |
to keep driver behind the wheel
for the airbag to work properly |
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Advantages of seatbelts |
–Bettercontrol of the vehicle –Highspeed maneuvers assist in keeping driver in his seat –Lesschance of injury or death if involved in an accident –Lowermedical costs to self and the community –Lesstime lost from work –Riskmanagement more likely to pay off claims without legal red tape |
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Exemptions to seatbelts |
–A person with a physical or psychologicaldisability, who is in possession of a written statement from a certifyingphysician –A person driving or riding in a motorvehicle not equipped with seatbelts due to federal law not requiring such. (pre-1967, buses) –A rural letter carrier of the UnitedStates Postal Service while performing duties as a rural letter carrier –A person operating a vehicle forcommercial or residential delivery or pickup service; except for the time framebefore the first delivery of the day and after the last delivery of the day |
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Physiological factors that work in our favor |
Vision - acuity - depth perception - field of vision - color vision - night vision Timing - coordination - reaction Hearing - tuning in - tuning out - external interference |
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Negative emotional effects |
•Heart beats faster, face flushes,breathing speeds up, •blood pressure rises •muscles become tense •Long term changes in appetite •digestive system and ulcers |
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To minimize the effects of distractions an officer should engage in thefollowing: |
•adequate sleep (8 hours) •abstain from alcohol at least 12 hours prior to your shift •exercise additional caution anytime speed limit is compromised •regular exercise program •minimize the potential for stress •abstain from medications that effect alertness or reaction time |
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Positive forces |
•Reasoned fear of a crash or legal consequences helps to restrain unsafetendencies •Love that an officer has for his family or friends can motivate one todrive safely. (Insurance rates drop whenyou get married.) •Desire to perform successfully will result in safer driving |
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Distractions from driving can be caused by |
»Thinking of other things »Other tasks which require thedrivers attention changing the radio cell phones drinking or eating talking with passengers »Situations outside of the vehicle »Environmental factors »Route problems in unfamiliarareas »Observing a possible collisionhazard while failing to see another |
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How to minimize distractions |
•Distribute attention over a largearea, without concentrating on any one part for more than two seconds •The ability to search ahead ofthe vehicle and to recognize traffic problems ahead by: -brake lights ahead -traffic ahead switching lanes- traffic light changes from greento red -pedestrians or bicycles alongsidethe roadway-vehicle backing out of theroadway -children playing -Observing a possible collisionhazard while failing to see another |
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Why must we have a basic understanding of basic vehicle mechanical subsystems? |
To react to mechanical failure |
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Stalled engine |
- avoid braking - shift to neutral - restart engine |
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Stuck accelerator |
Try dislodging accelerator Shift to neutral Brake Move to a safe location Turn off engine after coming to acomplete stop |
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Battery failure |
•Checkmanual for jumping procedure •Redto positive •Blackto ground |
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Headlight failure |
Tryand make vehicle visible to others |
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Fault or leaking exhaust |
Repairit Donot drive due to potential for carbon monoxide poisoning |
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Brake failure |
Pump brake pedal (unless ABS) Downshift Use left foot on parking brake to stop the vehicle |
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Wet brakes |
•Use left foot on brake to heat upthe brakes and evaporate water •Accelerate slowly until clear ofthe water •Check the brakes when clear ofthe water |
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Overheating engine |
•Consider where to exit theroadway •Turning on the heater may buy youtime •Do not open radiator cap |
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Hood flies up |
Try looking out of the side windows Look under the hood just above the dash Pull off of the roadway as soon as possible |
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Tire Pressure |
Police Vic - recommended tire pressure is 35 psi |
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Tire pressure should be at maximum tire pressure as stated on side of tire |
False, It should be to recommended manufacturing psi (35) In real life it's True! |
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Centrifugal force |
center fleeing |
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Centripetal force |
center seeking |
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Control |
Rolling friction (good) - ability to steer is controlled by rolling friction Sliding friction (bad) - ability to steer is lost with sliding friction |
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Weight transfer |
Pitch - occurs when the vehicle accelerates orbrakes Roll - occurs when the vehicle accelerates orbrakes Yaw - occurswhen the vehicle spins on its rotationalaxis |
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Typical Police vehicle weight distribution |
52% front and 48% rear |
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Oversteer |
–Rearwheels take a wider radius than the front and thevehicle tends to spin to the outside of the curve. –Decelerateand steer into the spin |
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Understeer |
–Frontwheels take a wider radius than the rear and the vehicle tends to go straight. –Decelerateand straighten wheels |
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Front Wheel Drive Balance |
Under hard braking 85% Front 15% Rear Under cornering conditions Staying on the power UNDERSTEER |
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5 steps in expert steering |
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SIPDE |
Scan Identify Predict Decide Execute
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Apex |
geometric center of a curve |
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Corner |
Slow in - fast out (coast in, power out) |
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42-4-108 |
An authorized emergency vehicle has specific exemptions to the law Exemptions only apply if using audible or visual signals |
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42-4-705 |
Operations on approach of emergency vehicle Drivers must pull over to right hand edge of roadway |
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42-4-213 |
Audible and visual signals audible under normal conditions less than 500' lights be visible at 500' in normal sunlight |
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Brower v. Inyo
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Unreasonable seizure in contravention of the 4th amendment and amounted to deadly force |
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David v. Hillside |
Cops ram suspect, suspect hit pedestrian. Pedestrian sued police, courts ruled in favor of police. |
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Lewis v. Sacramento |
Officer responded to fight in progress, sees two teenagers leaving scene on motorcycle. Motorcycle flipped and cops accidentally ran over passenger. |
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Day v. Utah |
Reckless endangerment, third party killed during police pursuit |
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Corsentino v. Cordova |
Pueblo County Deputy hits car while doing 60 mph over the speed limit for a home burglary alarm |
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Quintana v. City of Westminster |
During pursuit the suspect's vehicle crashed after officer slowed down knowing construction zone was coming up |
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Tidwell v. City and County of Denver |
Officer did not have lights and sirens activated when trying to catch up to suspect vehicle, suspect hits third party and kills driver of the other vehicle. Officer not liable. |
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What is a true emergency |
What is the amount of time that will be saved? - is the emergency run necessary - will the amount of time saved be greater than the risks taken? Once you have decided that an emergency run is necessary your primary consideration should be: Arriving at the scene as fast as necessary and safely |
