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12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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How to Distinguish Nouns of the Second Declension |
Nouns of the second declension are distinguished by the genitive singular ending -ī
Example: nātus, -ī, M. (son, child)
*Most of the nouns in the second declension are masculine or neuter |
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Masculine Case Endings of Nouns of the Second Declension |
Masculine Case Endings: Sing. Plural Nom. -us -ī Gen. -ī -ōrum Dat. -ō -īs Acc. -um -ōs Abl. -ō -īs *The -us is occasionally dropped with nouns ending in -r or -er |
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Neuter Case Endings of Nouns of the Second Declension |
Neuter Case Endings: Sing. Plural Nom. -um -a Gen. -ī -ōrum Dat. -ō -īs Acc. -um -a Abl. -ō -īs |
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Where does the neuter differ from the masculine of the second declension? |
1) nominative singular 2) nominative plural 3) accusative plural |
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Example Decline of puer |
puer, -ī, M. Sing. Plural Nom. puer puerī Gen. puerī puerōrum Dat. puerō puerīs Acc. puerum puerōs Abl. puerō puerīs
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Example Decline of saxum |
saxum, -ī, N. Sing. Plural Nom. saxum saxa Gen. saxī saxōrum Dat. saxō saxīs Acc. saxum saxa Abl. saxō saxīs |
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First-Second Declension Adjectives Reminder |
Adjectives must agree with the noun they modify in gender, number, and case.
Adjectives, like nouns, are declined. |
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Adjectives Used as Nouns Reminder |
An adjectives may be used without a noun if that noun can be understood.
Examples: Rōmānōs timet. = He fears the Romans. magnus = a great man magnum = a great thing |
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Ablative of Means |
The ablative without a preposition in used to express the means or instrument by which something is done.
Example: Oculīs vidēmus. We see with (by means of) eyes. |
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Ablative of Manner |
The ablative case may be used with or without the preposition cum to denote the way or manner in which something is done. The cum is required in the construction when the noun in the ablative is *not* modified by an adjective; when it *is* modified, it is optional.
Verba misera cum veniā audīvistī. |
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Indirect Commands |
Many verbs of ordering, warning, begging, urging, and asking and similar verbs follow a similar construction. The indirect command is really a substantive clause which functions as the direct object of the main verb.
Ōrō ut natam superēs. I beg that you overcome the sailor. |
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Clauses of Purpose; Sequences of Tenses |
As confusing as the Labyrinth. Refer to the textbook. |
