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188 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Lavinia
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Daughter of Queen Amata and King Latinus, Aeneas' wife when he arrives in Italy. Aeneas founds Lavinium, named after her
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Alba Longa
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Founded in 1053 BC by Ascanius, son of Aeneas. Where Romulus and Remus origniated. "Alban fathers" mentioned in prologue and Jupter prophecizes that Ascanius will transfer the power to there
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Muse(Calliope)
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The muse invoked in the prologue.
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Samos
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Island off Asia Minor, birthplace of Juno. Juno is said to have cherished Carthage more than Samos
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Parcas
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fates, Juno heard that the Parcas had decreed greatness for Rome over Carthage
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Clotho
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weaves the fates
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Lachesis
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measures the string
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Atropos
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cuts the string
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Saturnius
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Ancient Roman god, Greek Kronos. Epithet for the gods, in the m. Jupiter and the f. Juno. Juno is called saturnia in prologue
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Argos
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City in souther Greece, home of Diomedes. Metonymy for all Greeks
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Ganymede
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Trojan prince whom Zeus had chosen to be cupbearer of the gods instead of Hebe, Juno's daughter, which she cites as reason for anger agaisnt trojans
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Ajax son of Oileus
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Greek seized Cassandra from temple of Athena in Troy, Athena punished his whole fleet on return voyage, juno uses it as precedent
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Aeolia
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home of Aeolus, god of winds, where Juno goes to find him
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Aeolus
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lord of winds convinced by Juno to free the winds on Aeneas
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Auster
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south wind
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Deiopeia
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nymph promised by Juno to Aeolus in exchange for winds
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Eurus
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east wind
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Notus
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south wind
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Africus
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southwest wind
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Tydeus
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father of Diomedes. Diomedes frequently referred to by patronymic "tydides"
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Ganymede
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Trojan prince whom Zeus had chosen to be cupbearer of the gods instead of Hebe, Juno's daughter, which she cites as reason for anger agaisnt trojans
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Ajax son of Oileus
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Greek seized Cassandra from temple of Athena in Troy, Athena punished his whole fleet on return voyage, juno uses it as precedent
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Aeolia
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home of Aeolus, god of winds, where Juno goes to find him
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Aeolus
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lord of winds convinced by Juno to free the winds on Aeneas
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Auster
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south wind
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Deiopeia
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nymph promised by Juno to Aeolus in exchange for winds
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Eurus
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east wind
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Notus
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south wind
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Africus
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southwest wind
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Tydeus
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father of Diomedes. Diomedes frequently referred to by patronymic "tydides"
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Achates
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trusted lieutenant of Aeneas, accompanies him on hunting and is with Aeneas when they meet Venus huntress and see Carthage
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Ilioneus
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elder statesman of Trojans, first to address Dido
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Abas
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Trojan warrior killed in storm
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Aletes
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Trojan warrior killed in storm
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Zephyrus
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west wind
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Cymothoe
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sea nymph helps Neptune to fix the ships and everythign after the storm
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Triton
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along with Cymothoe helps free trojan ships from rocks
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Ceres
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goddess of grain and fruit, used as metonymy for food, Aeneas meets his fellow fleers of troy at her temple
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Capys
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Trojan escapes with Aeneas, says the Trojan horse should be destoryed, or at least tested
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Caicus
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Trojan who Aeneas looks for from the hill that he climbs after landing
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Diomedes
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Bests greek warrior, wounds Aeneas and almost kills him but Venus intervenes, so he wounds venus, also stole Rhesus horses
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Aeacus
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Grandfather of Achilles, patronymic Aeacides
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Sarpedon
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son of Juptier and Laodamia, Lycian king ally of Trjonas, great archer, Aeneas laments his death in book 1
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Simois
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river near troy. Aeneas describes it rolling shields, helmets and bodies under its waves
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Xanthus
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river near troy, prophecized that if Rhesus horses drank from it Troy would win, so Diomdes and Odysseus stole the horses first night
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Aquilo
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north wind
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Aras
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"altars" reef that the trojans are dashed against by the storm
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Syrtis
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"shoals" east of carthage where three ships are thrown by "eurus" the east wind
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Orontes
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Lycian who's shipe is overwhelmed by wave, great archer, ship is only one actually lost at sea in storm
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Acestes
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king of sicily, friend of Aeneas father anchises, gives Aeneas wine and is called a "heros" hero
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Scylla
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monster with twelve feet, haunted straits of Messina devouring men, Aeneas uses the fact that they got by him as motivation for his men on island
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Bacchus
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god of wine, used as metonymy for wine in book 1
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Amycus
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Trojan warrior who Aeneas believes to be dead and laments
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Lycus
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Trojan warrior who Aeneas believes to be dead and laments
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Gyas
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Trojan warrior who Aeneas believes to be dead and laments
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Cloanthus
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Trojan warrior who Aeneas believes to be dead and laments
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Turnus
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king of the Rutulians, against whom Aeneas battles when he arrives in Italy. The panel on temple of Juno of Achilles killing Hector foreshadows Aeneas killing Turnus
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Dardanus
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original trojan king, son of Electra by Zeus, zeus's favorite child. Juno hated him for being Zeus' illegit child so she hated troy
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Hebe
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daughter of Juno, spurned for Ganymede as wine bearer for gods, Juno hates troy because of it
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Maecenas
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funded works of poets and artists such as Vergil
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Aristeia
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day wehre you are invincible, Diomedes had one when he nearly killed aeneas and wounds venus, berserk
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Pandarus
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Lycian master archer, rode in same chariot as Aeneas when he was almost killed by Diomedes, slain by Diomedes
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King Numitor
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king of Alba Longa, husband of Amulius. grandfather of Romulus and Remus
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Rhea Silvia (Ilia)
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daughter of king numitor mother of Romulus and Remus, priestess impregnated by mars, Jupiter makes a prophecy about her children founding Rome
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Faustulus
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royal herdsman with wife Acca Laurentia found and raised Romulus and Remus
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Tiberius and Gaius Gracchus
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brother tribunes who tried to make land reform in rome, both died of "natural causes" Vergil wanted to recall the ancient republican ideals in response to those politics at the time of his writing
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Sulla vs. Marius
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Sulla(optimates) Marius(populares) had a civil war for control between 82-83 bc, Sulla wins makes a dictatorship, Marius found hiding in the Cloaca Maxima, just like Sinon. Shows how many of the ideas in the Aeneid are derived from current times in rome
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Pompey the great
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roman general civil war against caesar, eventually pompey's head is given to Caesar, much like the final image of Priam
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Antenor
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Trojan who fled from troy and founded Patavium in norther italy, had to battle the Liburni. Venus uses him as example to get Aeneas spirtis up
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Timavus
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river which antenor must cross when he goes to found patavium
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Cytherea
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island sacred to Venus, maybe birthplace, used as epithet
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Iulus(ilus, Ascanius)
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son of Aeneas, Julius caesar said to be descended from him, rules Lavinium for a while then moves power to Alba Longa
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Assaracus
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trojan king, grandfather of Anchise, ancestor of Romans, prophecies that he will crush descendants of greeks
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Pthia
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town in Thessaly birthplace of Achilles, Jupiter says that Assaracus will crush Pthia and descendants of greeks
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Mycenae
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city in southern greece, home of Agamemnon, leader of greeks in war, says Assaracus will crush them and Pthia
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Fides
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good faith is personified as a goddess and described as "cana" white haired, Jupiter says that it will give laws in his prophecy
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Vesta
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goddess of home and hearth, jupiter says to venus that they will have her in Italy, and she will give laws, making them moral and family oriented
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Quirinus
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name given to romulus after being deified, means defender, jupiter says that he will give laws for Rome
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Janus
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two faced god of war and doorways, who's temple doors would lie open in wartime, Jupiter says that they will be closed in the new city
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Maia
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eldest of seven Pleiades, mother of mercury by jupiter, jupiter sends son of maia, mercury to prepare carthage for arrival of Trojans
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Harpalyce
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daughter of thracian Harpalycus, raised as warrior, very fast runner, venus compared to her when she appears as huntress
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Hebrus
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river in thrace outrun by Harpalyce
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Agenor
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brother of Belus, father of dido, founder of Tyre. Venus calls carthage the city of Agenor
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Sychaeus
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husband of Dido killed by Pygmalion, returs to warn her about its, significant since aeneas and Dido both have deceased spouses appear to them. tell them to flee
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Pygmalion
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brother of Dido, kills Sychaeus for gold and takes control of Tyre
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Byrsa
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meaning bull's hide and citadel, name for Dido's first settlement which she claimed with all she could outline with a bull's hide
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Paphos
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town in Cyprus sacred to Venus, goes there after appearing as female huntress
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Ambobus Achillem
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after a military expedition in Thebe, Agamemnon recieves Chryseis and Achilles gets Briseis, but Chryses asks for his daughter back, being a priest of appollo, so Agamemnon gives her back but takes Briseis, angering achilles so much that he refuses to fight
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Atrides
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sons of Atreus, Menelaos king of sparta and Agamemnon king of Mycena
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Rhesus
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ally of trojan great with horses brings them to war, prophecized to win but odysseus and Diomedes kidnap them
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Dolon
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has lots of sisters, chosen by trojans to go to greek camp to spy, runs into odysseus and diomedes and tells them everything about the camp of Rhesus, Diomedes then decapitates him.
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Troilus
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youngest son of Priam, ambushed and slain by Achilles, impar, if he had lived to 20 prophecy said Troy would win, his death is pictured on mural, forshadows turnus killing Pallas, son of evander, given in promise to Aeneas
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Peplum
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sacred robe of Athena that the trojan women carry, even though Athena has turned away, foreshadows queen amata being left unprotected at altars
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Memnon
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king of ethiopia, shows up late for troy, pictued on walls of temple
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Penthiselia
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queen of amazons, shows up late to war and fights among men, pictured on temple. slain by Achilles who then falls in love with her, foreshadows the arrival of Camilla to the italian war, to help the italians
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Diana
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roman counterpart for Artemis, sister of Apollo, virgin goddess of woodlands, archery, hunting, compared to dido twice
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Eurotas
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River in Sparta, where there was a shrine to Diana, diana is pictured on those shores in simile to dido
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Cynthus
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mountain birthplace of Diana and Apollo, in simile, diana pictured on the mountain
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Oreads
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mountain nymphs who follow Diana
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Latona
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mother of diana and apollo with Jupiter, learned from niobe who was turned to rock for pride so she does not show affection for Diana. Vergil says that joy fills up the silent heart of latona when he describeds diana in the dido simile
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Antheus, Sergestus, Cloanthus
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Trojan warriors whom aeneas and Achates see in carthage. shocking to them
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Achillicus
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spartan poet, against homeric ideal of a heroic death, and spartan ideal, did not like the idea of death so he hides his shield rather than going home on it or carrying it
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Cothon
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port of Carthage
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Briareus
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olympians try to overthrow jupiter but Thetis, the mother of Achilles, and her one hundred handed monster Briareus rescue jupiter so he is indebted to them. image of Janus bound with brazen knots similar to briareus
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Caduceus
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scepter/wand of mercury which he can send/recall people from underworld. somehow saves aeneas by preparing the carthaginians since aeneas was in some ways dead
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Leda
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mother of helen, some gifts from aeneas to dido were first gifts from leda to helen
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Ilione
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eldest daughter of Priam, scepter from Aeneas to dido was carried by Illione
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Iopas
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bard who sings of zodiacs and constellations to the assembled carthags and trojans. Similar to Demodicus from Odyssey, embodyment of Lucretius vergil contemporary who understood nature
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Demodicus
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bard from odyssey like Iopas
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Nostoi
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in illiad demodicus sings nostoi, song of returns, Penelope doesnt like it and she tells him to sing something different. Nostoi contrasts with iopas' song since it is heroic not nature based
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Lucretius
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contemporary of Vergil, wrote de rerum natura, iopas =lucretius
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Neptune
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god of sea fixes everything after storm that juno caused vowed to punish winds and aeolus
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Sicily
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island off southern coast of Italy, there Acestes gave the Trojans wine, and was called a hero, tried to settle but it didnt work so they moved on to italy, which is when they got hit by the storm
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Patroclus
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friend of Achilles, used his armor when Achilles wouldnt fight, was killed by hector, enraging Achilles, who then killed and dragged hector
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Tyre
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city on Phoenecia, Dido fled after Pygmalion took over
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Paris
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prince of Troy who gives the apple to Venus making Juno angry, one reason for hating Aeneas, causes whole war
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Peleus and Thetis
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parents of Achilles, the apple of discord is thrown at their wedding, king and queen of Pthia, Achilles is sometimes called Pelides
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Sparta
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home of helen, who is taken causing the whole war, venus bears the arms of a spartan maiden as the huntress, menelaus was the king
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Myrmidons
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tribe in thessaly led by Achilles, Aeneas says that even the Myrmidons would be unable to refrain from tears at his story, metonymy for greeks
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Dolopians
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thessalian tribe, connected to Pyrrhus, Aeneas says that even the Dolopians would be unable to refrain from tears at his story, metonymy for greeks
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Tenedos
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island off coast of Troy where the greeks hid and where the twin snakes came from during trojan horse deal with laocoon
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Thymoetes
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trojan advocated bringing the horse into the citadel, prophesy was that a child born on same day as paris, like thymoetes would bring about fall of troy, so thymoetes son was killed instead, so this may have been out of anger
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Laocoon
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warned against brining the horse into the city, hurled a spear into the side, then was eaten by snakes
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Sinon
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Greek warrior chosen to stay back and convince the trojans to accept the horse, claimed to have been left behind and manages to win sympathy and distract the trojans from the holes in his explanation
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Belus
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famous egyptian king, son of Poseidon, ancestor of greek royal families including Palamedes
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Palamedes
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son of Euboean king Nauplius, hated by odysseus for revealing his attempts to escape service in Troy, Sinon claims to have served under him
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Calchas
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Prophet who designates sinon for sacrifice and says that the paladium must be returned
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Eurypylus
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greek warrior whom sinon says the greeks sent to go to the oracle of Phoebus apollo, oracle reported that a greek must be sacrificed, sinon
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Palladium
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statue of Athena stolen from troy by Odysseus and Diomedes, with which Troy would never fall, but Diomedes does so with bloody hands offending the gods and Sinon claims that the horse is atonement for this
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Lake tritonis
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lake in norther africa sacred to athena near her brithplace, tritonia=epithet for athena
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Pelops
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legendary king of Mycena, father of Atreus and Thyestes, Sinon says that if the horse is let in that asia will come to the walls of Pelops, foreshadowing Rome conquering greece
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Laris(s)a
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Chief city of Thessaly, homeland of Achilles
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Aegis
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shield of Athena with medusa's head in middle, snakes in book two pictured hiding under this shield
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Cassandra
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daughter of Priam and hecuba, power of prophecy from apollo, but he made it so no one would believe her. snatched while praying by ajax oileus, Coroebus was betrothed to her and went berserk when he saw it
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Aegisthus
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agamemnon's cousin, not serving in war, claims he killed agamemnon, but Clytemnestra says she did it
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Aeschylus
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greek who wrote tragedy of Agamemnon
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Thessandrus
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greek soldier hidden in horse
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Sthenelus
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greek soldier hidden in horse
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Acamas
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greek soldier hidden in horse
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Thoas
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greek soldier hidden in horse
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Nepotolemus(Pyrrhus)
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son of Achilles goes berserk in troy during fall, kills polites son of priam in front of his parents on the altars, then kills priam, compared to a snake in sim ile, greek soldier hidden in horse
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Machaon
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greek soldier hidden in horse, but also a physician called "primus" because he was most important as the healer, has ability to take out arrows, spears
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Epeos
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greek who built the horse, greek soldier hidden in horse
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Deiphobus
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trojan prince married helen after the death of paris, aeneas encounters in the underworld, he saw his house destroyed by fire, Athena disguises as him and accompanies hector in his battle with Achilles, abandons Hector when he needs helped Hector sees hes been cheated and accepts death
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Ucalegon
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trojan advisor to Priam, Aeneas sees his house burn
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Sigeum
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caostal town near troy, from where you can see the fires reflect off the water
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Panthus
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priest of Apollow, tells the others that troy has been lost, gives the Penates to Aeneas
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Erinys
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the furies, spirits of revenge and destructive violence, aeneas says that they are calling him back to the war
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Rhipeus
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trojan warrior who joins Aeneas, killed in battle and caleld iustissimus by Aeneas
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Epytus
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trojan joins the band of comrades, called "maximus armis" by aeneas because he was most experienced
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Hypanis
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trojan warrior joins band of aeneas, dies in battle
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Dymas
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trojan warrior joins band of aeneas, dies in battle
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Coroebus
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son of Mygdon, comes to help war effort, is in love with Cassandra, expects to marry her, but then troy falls and he sees her taken by Ajax, called infelix, dies trying to save her at Peleus' hand
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Mygdonides
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Coroebus
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Androgeos
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greek captain sees aeneas and his men and believes them to be fellow greeks, he then is killed by them and aeneas takes his armor and stuff, realized it when they spoke a diff dialect
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Nereus
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sea-god father of the nereids, greeks are compared to nereus strirring up the sea
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Penelaus
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greek warrior kills coroebus
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Iphitus
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old trojan warrior, part of the group of comrades that Aeneas had assembled to fight in vain agsints the greeks, one of few who survive
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Pelias
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rojan warrior, part of the group of comrades that Aeneas had assembled to fight in vain agsints the greeks but is wounded by odysseus
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Andromache
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wife of hector and mother of astyanax. Aeneas describes the secret pasages of the royal palace where Andromache was accustomed to take astyanax to see Priam, Andromache flees tory with Astyanax but hector finds her, tries to convince him not to go to his death in the fields of battle
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Astyanax
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son of hector, cries when he sees him in armor, but then laughs when he sees him out of it. Talthybius pushed him from the walls of troy because hector had blessed him to be stronger than he was
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scamandrius
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another name for astyanax
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Periphas
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greek warrior part of invasion of Priam's palace
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Automedon
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chariot driver for Achilles, part of invasion of Priam's palace
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Scyros
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aegean island east of Euboea, realm of pyrrhus grandfather king Lycomedes, the Scyrian pubes are part of invasion of Priam's palace
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Hecuba
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wife of Priam, mother of many children, when he prepares for battle she tries to convince him to wait it out at the altars wit her, and trust the gods nto his arms, in the end both are wrong and are killed on the altars
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Polites
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son of hecuba and priam killed by pyrrhus before their eyes
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Creusa
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wife of Aeneas, aeneas thinks of her when he sees priam's death gets his family fleeing but she gets left behind as they do and dies, then comes as a ghost and tells him to continue
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Helen
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daughter of Tyndareus, queen of sparta, was taken by paris with venus help for golden apple caused whole trojan war. Aeneas considered killing her as an innocent woman, however venus intervenes before he takes any action
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Tyndareus
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king of sparta, father of Helen, Tyndaris=patronymic for Hele
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Anchises
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Aeneas father whom Aeneas first convinces to come with him then carries as he leaves the city
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Laconia
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district of the greek peloponnese where Sparta is located. Adjective Lacanae for Helen
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Gorgon
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medusa is one a monster with snakes for hair who could turn mortals to stone with her gaze, head appeared in Athena's shield the Aegis, athena is pictured with this shield when Aeneas sees the gods really attacking Troy
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Mt. Ida
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the mountain range near troy over which the "lucifer" rises at the end
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Phoenix
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Greek soldier guarding the booty with odysseus, raised Achilles, sent with ajax good and odysseus to convince achilles ambobum to return to battle
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Hesperia
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when Creusa appears as a gost to Aeneas, she tells him he will come to Hesperia=italy
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Lydia
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region in western asia minor, creusa tells Aeneas that he will arrive at a place where the " lydian tiber flows
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Tiber river
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river in italy near which Creusa tells aeneas he will settle
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Lucifer
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the morning star, planet venus, that rises over mount ida as Aeneas goes on his way
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Laomedon
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tory's founder and cheated neptune by not paying him after he helped to build walls of troy, which is why neptune is among gods demolishing troy,
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Hesione
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daughter promised to Hercules by Laomedon, he didnt deliver so hercules invaded troy, what anchises refers to when he says troy has been invaded before
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Eetion
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father of Andromache, killed by achilles in a night raid
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Talthybius
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greek who pushed Astyanax from the walls of troy
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Cybele
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Phrygian goddess of nature, always pictured as large and covered in fruit, meant to rep earth and its bounty, creusa refers to her as "magna genatrix deum" says that she is retaining her in troy
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Iphigenia
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daughter of Agamemnon and Clytemnestra, sacrificed by Aga in order for the fleet to reach troy, clytemnestra kills him for it, sinon compraes himself to her.
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Aegeis
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Zeus' thunder caller
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Pandarus
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shot Diomedes with an arrow in right shoulder pulled out by Sthethenalos
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Stethenalos
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pulled Pandarus' arrow out of Diomedes' shoulder
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