Latin Case/use Review

Front 1

Nominative Subject

Back 1

The person, place, or thing that is doing the verb (active) / the verb is done to (passive)

Puella ad oppidum ambulat.

The girl walks to the town.

Front 2

Predicate Nominative

Back 2

A noun used with a linking verb or verb of naming/making/choosing that describes another noun.

Femina Octavia vocatur.
The woman is called Octavia.

Front 3

Vocative

Back 3

Used to denote the person being spoken to;

usually (but not always) the same as the nominative.

Quo puella is?

Where are you going, girl?

Front 4

Genitive of Possession

Back 4

Used to denote the owner of something.

Uxor agricolae pulchra est.

The wife of the farmer is beautiful.

Front 5

Genitive of the Whole

(Partitive Genitive)

Back 5

When a word is used to imply a portion of a whole, the partitive genitive may be used to indicate the whole.

Pars oppidi perditum est.

Part of the town was destroyed.

Front 6

Objective Genitive

Back 6

When an action is expressed as a noun, the word that would be the direct object of the action is expressed in the genitive.

Suus amor carminis infinitus est.

His love for music is endless.

Front 7

Genitive of Description

Back 7

Used to show a quality of something or someone.

pictura magnae formae

a picture of great beauty

Front 8

Genitive of Measure

Back 8

Used to express definite measurements or quantities.

arbos quindecim pedud

a tree of fifteen feet

Front 9

Genitive of Indefinite Value

Back 9

Used with sum and facio to show a value without definite measurement.

Rus parvi est.

The farm is of little value.

Front 10

Dative of Indirect Object

Back 10

Shows to or for whom the verb is done.

Pomum puellae dedi.

I gave an apple to the girl.

Front 11

Dative with Compound Verbs

Back 11

Verbs compounded with prefixes may take an indirect object that completes the meaning of the prefix instead of the verb.

Ceteris culpae caedis accessit.

Murder was added to the rest of the crimes.

Front 12

Dative of Reference

Back 12

Used with the verb to show to whose advantage or disadvantage the action is performed.

Regi imaginem aedificant.

They are building a statue for the king.

Front 13

Dative of Purpose

Back 13

Used to show how the end result or purpose of how a noun is used.

Donó datur.

It is given as a gift.

Front 14

Double Dative

Back 14

A combination of datives of reference and purpose.

Hoc morae exercituí est.

This is as a hindrance to the army.

Front 15

Dative with Adjectives

Back 15

Used to complete or extend the meaning of an adjective.

Agricola pastorí amicus est.

The farmer is friendly to the shepherd.

Front 16

Dative of Possession

Back 16

Used with sum or desum to show possession. The possessor is in the dative, while the possessed is the nominative subject of the verb.

Puellae speculum est.

The girl has a mirror.

Front 17

Accusative Direct Object

Back 17

Used to show the person or thing that the verb is done to.

Puellam voco.

I call the girl.

Front 18

Accusative of Place to Which

Back 18

Used with prepositions to show motion towards something or somewhere.

Ad Romam ambulat.

He is walking to Rome.

Front 19

Accusative of Limit of Motion

Back 19

Used to indicate place to which without a preposition in nouns with a locative.

Carthaginem it.

She is going to Carthage.

Front 20

Accusative of Extent of Space

Back 20

Used without a preposition to answer "How far?"

Quinct milliarem navigaverunt.

They sailed five miles.

Front 21

Accusative of Duration of Time

Back 21

Used without a preposition to answer "How long?"

Duam horam dixi.

I talked for two hours.

Front 22

Subject of Infinitive

Back 22

The subject of an infinitive is put in the accusative.

Te vivere volo.

I want you to live.

Front 23

Ablative of Separation

Back 23

Used without prepositions to express things being separated when no actual motion is implied.

Agricola curá solvitur.

The farmer is freed from worry.

Front 24

Ablative of Place Where

Back 24

Used with prepositions to show location without motion.

In silvá sum.

I am in the forest.

Front 25

Ablative of Place From Which

Back 25

Used with prepositions to show motion away from somewhere or something.

Ex Africá eunt.

They are going out of Africa.

Front 26

Ablative of Means

Back 26

Used to show the means by which something is being done.

Suus voce cantat.

He sings with his voice.

Front 27

Ablative Absolute

Back 27

An ablative substantive modified by a participle, used to show the circumstances under which something occurs.

Hostibus nos persequentibus cessare non possumus.

We cannot pause with the enemy pursuing us.

Front 28

Ablative of Accompaniment

Back 28

Used with cum to show someone or something being accompanied by another.

Cum puellá ambuló.

I walk with the girl.

Front 29

Ablative of Manner

Back 29

Used with or without cum to show the way in which something is done.

Cibum cum curáparat.

She prepares the food with care.

Front 30

Ablative of Agent

Back 30

Used to show who is doing the action of a passive verb. Preceded by a or ab.

Ab poetá amor.

I am loved by the poet.

Front 31

Locative

Back 31

Used only with the names of cities, towns, and small islands; as well as the nouns animus, domus, foris, humus, militia, and rus; to show place where.

Domí sunt.

They are at home.