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50 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Structural Violence |
● Systemic ● Rights violations ● Not cultural ● Class differences → cultural ● Unjust but acceptable Structure ● Pattern of collective social action ● Some permanence ● Human social activity ● Social sciences ● Decisions, exchanges, actions cause |
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Revolution |
1959 Castro Revolution ● People excited ● Why are they so happy? ● Castro answered what wishes? Republic (1898-1958) ● Revolution seen as final battle for independence ● Against Spain then US ● US involved self → privileges and powers ● Long struggle for independence ● Ideal for second half of 1800s |
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Empire (US after 1898) |
US Debate on Empire ● Carnegie: anti-imperialist ● Contradictions ● Hypocritical What is Cuba to US? ● Debt of gratitude Cuban owed to US ● Not fit for self-gov ● Stupid, useless race, savages -Platt Amendment -US controlled much of everything -America's playground -suffrage restrictions |
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Literacy and its Relation to Race and Gender |
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The Intellectual (in relation to the state) |
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Counterculture |
-1960s -hippies -Rock music -1968 demonstrations -revolution -youth -Folk music activists -indigenous rights, agricultural workers, artists, intellectuals |
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Student/Student Movements |
● Youth becomes social category ● Student activism ● Reinvention of student ● Street protests |
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1968 Street Protests: Popular Expression |
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Aesthetic vs. Aesthetics |
Aesthetic ● Style ● Pleasing ● Tone ● Atmosphere ● Cohesion ● art/beauty An aesthetic ● Recognizable ● Correlation to something Revolutionary Aesthetic ● Rupture and continuity ● Inseparable from history ● Anticipation and excitement ● w/o sovereignty, country doesn’t exist ● Visibility of country is necessary ● Need new way to make film → their own celebrities |
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Cuban Revolution, 1959 |
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Literacy Campaigns, Cuba, 1961 |
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Global 1968 |
● Turning point in Cuban Revolution since 1959 ● Cold War geopolitics ● Anti-colonial struggles: Africa and Asia ● People wanted to change world ● Youth ● Indigenous rights, agricultural workers, artists, intellectuals ● Change ● Counterculture ● Rock music around world ● New Song ● Folk music activists ● Oppression in Latin America |
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Death of Edson Luis, Brazil, 1968 |
Rio de Janeiro ● Protest for cheaper meals in schools ● Death of Edson Luis de Lima Souto → student ● Against military dictatorship ● “Don’t Say I Never Sang of Flowers” - Geraldo Vandre ● “Me Gustan Los Estudiantes” - Mercedes Sosa ● Student movement ● Youth |
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Tlatelolco Massacre, Mexico, 1968 |
● National Autonomous University → occupation of campus ● Police, paratroopers, paramilitary units fired on students ● image/logo/design on dress ● Repression became normal ● Physical violence w/ police and army ● Authoritarian-like president ● Protests forbidden |
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Olympics in Mexico City, 1968 |
Black Power Salutes from American Olympic Medal Winners ● Tommie Smith and John Carlos ● During national anthem ● Heads down and fists up |
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Platt Amendment (1901) |
● US right to intervention ● Cannot assume public debt ● No treaty w/ other foreign power ● Sell or lease lands to US → Guantanamo ● “Self government w/o self-determination, independence w/o sovereignty” ● Roosevelt Corollary to Monroe Doctrine 1. Cuba = protectorate 2. US controls money/debt 3. Cuba must consent to what US does 4. US takes away Cuba’s sovereignty a. US can write laws 5. Cuba needs to clean up diseases a. Afraid of spread 6. Cuba can’t hold onto Isle of Pines 7. Gives US natural resources for coaling or naval stations 8. Must follow permanent treaty |
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Jose Marti |
● Known as apostle ● Cuban nationalism ● Author, poet, playwright, founder of independence movement ● Exiled |
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Fidel Castro |
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United Fruit Company |
● 1899 UFCO created → business of bananas○ Largest banana co. in world ○ 2-way trade ○ Bananas north ○ Manufacturing stuff south ○ Grown on plantations ○ Great White Fleet ○ Slavery in South America |
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Ernesto Che Guevara |
-farewell letter against imperialism (1965) -1967 dies in Bolivia --> martyrdom -image commodified: contradiction to his beliefs |
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Prostitution in Cuba |
-alcohol and drugs -Americans on vacation/"America's playground" |
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Imperfect Cinema |
-get audience/viewers to think -no happy ending -truthtelling -critical spectator -realism -relief at end is bad --> viewer won't take action afterward -viewers become participants in film afterward -develop new consciousness |
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Chiquita Banana |
-United Fruit Company -founded 1899 -successor to UFCO |
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Carmen Miranda |
-Brazilian singer -light skinned -exotic, welcoming, sexual, ditzy -Chiquita bananas |
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Disney Company
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Ariel Dorfman and Armand Mattelart |
-Argentine-Chilean-America -Belgian sociologist -Leftist French scholar |
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New Song Movement/Protest Songs |
-1968 -"War" - Edwin Starr -"Johnny, No Sabe Porque" - Noel Nicola -"El Derecho de Vivir en Paz" - Victor Jara -"Don't Say I Never Sang of Flowers" - Geraldo Vandre -"Me Gustan Los Estudiantes" - Mercedes Sosa -"Eve of Destruction" |
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Reinaldo Arenas |
-Cuban poet, writer, playwright -eventually rebelled against Cuban government |
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Nicolas Guillen |
wrote poem, "Tengo" |
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Gender/Sexuailty in Cuba |
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Race in Cuban Revolution |
-solidarity with Black people -Cuban Missions in Africa -Last Hot Battle of Cold War -South Africa: helped defeat apartheid - |
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Student Movements in Brazil and Mexico |
-1968 -student killed in Brazil -Mexico: young peasant soldiers killed people |
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Edson Luis |
-student who was killed in Brazil -killed by military dictatorship |
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Violeta Parra |
-Chilean artist, songwriter -Chilean New Song -folk music -The Mother of Latin American folk |
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Victor Jara |
-Chile "El Derecho de Vivir en Paz" |
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Skin of the Cat |
-Joaquin de Andrade -1960 |
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I Am Cuba |
-Mikhail Kalatozov -1964 |
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For the First Time |
-Octavio Cortazar -1967 |
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Memories of Underdevelopment |
-Tomas Alea -1968 -based on novel -writing competitions -trial: sense of contradiction -Revolution: kill off intellectuals |
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One Way or the Other |
-Sara Gomez
-1974 |
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Saludos Amigos |
-Walt Disney -1942 |
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The Pongo's Dream |
-Jose Maria Arguedas
-short story -suffering and reward -daily humiliation -forced emotions -agency: power to do something -Pongo gets power, becomes master |
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History Will Absolve Me |
-Castro speech |
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Words to the Intellectuals |
-Castro speech -Havana, 1961 |
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Message to the Tricontinental |
-Guevara speech (1967) -anti-imperialist US -Africa, Asia, Latin America -Cuba could be leader of formerly colonized nations -anti-colonial struggles -500 delegates -solidarity -alternative to US and USSR: Third World |
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The Parade Begins |
-Reinaldo Arenas -short story -Cuban Revolution -masculinity of rebels -unable to join b/c lacks weapon -sees parade of victorious rebels -14 y/o narrator |
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Tengo |
-Nicolas Guillen poem -Milanes song |
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Use both of the following to illustrate the meaning of "Cultural Imperialism" -Saludos Amigos -How to Read Donald Duck |
-practice of promoting and imposing a culture, of powerful nation, over less powerful society -Saludos Amigos (1942) = inferior nation needs help from US Donald Duck -Chile, cultural colonization -Cold War options -underdeveloped capitalist societies -US influence -socialist option inspired by Cuban Revolution -US = imperialists -economic denomination -plan to expand ties -cartoon: protesters = wrong, dumb, immoral -helping African countries w/ colonization =UFCO: claimed to bring jobs, money, infrastructure -paternal representation |
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Use the concept of "structural violence" to analyze one of the following: -Skin of the Cat -Soy Cuba (first chapter) |
-Favela vs. Neighborhoods: -money, development, dress, eating -invisible line/border/boundary -racial difference -possible self-governing in Favela -cats = symbol of wealth, property of wealthy people, more valuable than kids |
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Explain how one of the following is an example of "Imperfect Cinema" -Memories of Underdevelopment -One Way or the Other |
Memories of Underdevelopment -avoids expected Marxist cliches |
