Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
97 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
|
Royal Patronage
|
patronato Real
the authority give to kings to approve or disapprove the appointment of all clergy in reconqured lands. In Spain. |
Reconquest
|
|
|
Francisco Hernandez de Cordoba
|
First Spaniard on Mainland
Set Sail in 1517 Found Mayan Ruins off Yucatan Picked Cortez to lead expedition |
Maya
|
|
|
Hernando Cortez
|
1519 landed near Veracruz
Burned his ships to prevent men from escaping. Found Aztecs, was thought to be Quetzalcoatl. Took Moctezuma captive in Tenochtitlan Leveled Tenochtitlan |
Maya
|
|
|
Francisco Pizarro
|
Part of Balboa's expedition
Found Incas, and was thought to be Viracocha. Kingdom was divided in civil war. Founded Lima |
Inca
|
|
|
Nicolas Federmann
|
Representative of the German Banking house of Welser
Tried to colonize Venezuela since 1528 |
German
|
|
|
Pedro Alvares Cabral
|
Found Bahia, Brazil in 1500
Portugal |
1500
|
|
|
Pedro de mendoza
|
founded Buenos Ares
Spain |
|
|
|
Father Miguel Hidalgo
|
Didn't want peninsular dominance in america
Leader of revolutionary war Mexico Didn't want peninsular dominance in america |
|
|
|
Mariano Morero
|
Didn't want peninsular dominance in america
Leader of revolutionary war Argentina |
|
|
|
Bernardo O'Higgins
|
Didn't want peninsular dominance in america
Leader of revolutionary war Chilie |
|
|
|
Francisco de Miranda
|
Didn't want peninsular dominance in america
Leader of revolutionary war Venezuela |
|
|
|
Simon Bolivar
|
Didn't want peninsular dominance in america
Leader of revolutionary war Venezuela |
|
|
|
concervative
|
strong national governments
power centered in the capital cities oligarchies Catholic Church |
|
|
|
Caudillismo
|
arbitrary rule by a strongman or chief
Mainly though violent means but also by candidato unico and golpe de estado and continuismo |
|
|
|
Benito Juarez
|
Pure-blooded Indian
From Oaxaca and moral Mexico president, liberal |
|
|
|
Partido Revolucionario INstitucional
|
Mexico
PRI Institutional Revolutionary Party "one-party democracy" Three Major sectors: Business, Labor, Peasantry |
|
|
|
National Action Party
|
PAN
Mexico conservative right wing party IN 1999 let voting occur for new president Vincente Fox Quesada |
|
|
|
Zapatista
|
rebellion of a group of highland Maya Indians in chiapas
small publicized |
|
|
|
United Provinces of Central America
|
1823
Had bad communicationChiapas, Guatemala, Honduras, El Salvador, Nicaragua, Costa Rica Didn't last long |
|
|
|
Farabundo Marti National Liberation Front
|
FMLN
Marxist rebels represented the interest of the growing rural landlass class war between them and right-wint Salvadoran military took 75,000 lives during 1980s |
|
|
|
William Walker
|
American filibuster Adventurer
Brought by liberals in Nicaragua in 1855 Was "elected" president of the republic Was taken out by both the liberal and conservatives. |
|
|
|
Sandinistas
|
1979 in Nicaragua put themselves in power
leftists group built up military US invaded |
|
|
|
Violeta Barrios de Chamorro
|
widow of murdered newspaper editor
won Nicaraguan election in 1990 Defeated Daniel Ortega |
|
|
|
Daniel Ortega
|
Nicaragua
Sandista Party Defeated by Violeta Barrios de Chamorrow in 1990 |
|
|
|
Oscar Arias Sanchez
|
Coast Rica
won 1987 Nobel Peace Pricec for help in Sandinista-contra war |
|
|
|
Colonel Omar Torrijos Herrera
|
Dictator in Panama from 1968-1981
Made new treaty w/Jimmy Carter in 1977 that returned Panama Canal to Panama in 2000 |
|
|
|
Gerneral Manual Antonio Noriega
|
Panama
Dictator after Herrera Employed by CIA and drug lords at same time declared war on US, and US invaded |
|
|
|
Jose Marti
|
Exiled poet from US in Cuba
Killed in revolutionary war |
|
|
|
People's National Party
|
PNP
Led by Michael Manley Jamaica |
|
|
|
Michael Manley
|
Jamaica
Led People's National Party attempted to develop a modified socialist welfare state, and try become near Cuba |
|
|
|
Partido Revolucionario INstitucional
|
Mexico
PRI Institutional Revolutionary Party "one-party democracy" Three Major sectors: Business, Labor, Peasantry |
|
|
|
National Action Party
|
PAN
Mexico conservative right wing party IN 1999 let voting occur for new president Vincente Fox Quesada |
|
|
|
Zapatista
|
rebellion of a group of highland Maya Indians in chiapas
small publicized |
|
|
|
United Provinces of Central America
|
1823
Had bad communicationChiapas, Guatemala, Honduras, El Salvador, Nicaragua, Costa Rica Didn't last long |
|
|
|
Farabundo Marti National Liberation Front
|
FMLN
Marxist rebels represented the interest of the growing rural landlass class war between them and right-wint Salvadoran military took 75,000 lives during 1980s |
|
|
|
William Walker
|
American filibuster Adventurer
Brought by liberals in Nicaragua in 1855 Was "elected" president of the republic Was taken out by both the liberal and conservatives. |
|
|
|
Sandinistas
|
1979 in Nicaragua put themselves in power
leftists group built up military US invaded |
|
|
|
Violeta Barrios de Chamorro
|
widow of murdered newspaper editor
won Nicaraguan election in 1990 Defeated Daniel Ortega |
|
|
|
Daniel Ortega
|
Nicaragua
Sandista Party Defeated by Violeta Barrios de Chamorrow in 1990 |
|
|
|
Oscar Arias Sanchez
|
Coast Rica
won 1987 Nobel Peace Pricec for help in Sandinista-contra war |
|
|
|
Colonel Omar Torrijos Herrera
|
Dictator in Panama from 1968-1981
Made new treaty w/Jimmy Carter in 1977 that returned Panama Canal to Panama in 2000 |
|
|
|
Gerneral Manual Antonio Noriega
|
Panama
Dictator after Herrera Employed by CIA and drug lords at same time declared war on US, and US invaded |
|
|
|
Jose Marti
|
Exiled poet from US in Cuba
Killed in revolutionary war |
|
|
|
People's National Party
|
PNP
Led by Michael Manley Jamaica |
|
|
|
Michael Manley
|
Jamaica
Led People's National Party attempted to develop a modified socialist welfare state, and try become near Cuba |
|
|
|
Edward Seaga
|
Led Jamaica Labour Party JLP
wants close ties to America |
|
|
|
Jamaica Labour Party
|
JLP
wanted close ties to America Led by Edward Seaga |
|
|
|
Toussaint L'Overture
|
Haiti
Was willing to become self-governign part of France if slavery was abolished Was kidnapped and killed Led Haiti to independance in 1804 |
|
|
|
Francois Duvalier
|
Haiti
"Papa Doc" Brutal Dictaorship Cited blacks to kill middle/upper class rewrote constitution to make him president for life Security group called Tontons Macoutes |
|
|
|
Tontons Macoutes
|
Personal Security killing force for Fancois Duvalier, "papa doc"
Haiti |
|
|
|
Rafael Trujillo
|
Dominican Republic
harsh dictator didn't modernize country killed in 1961 |
|
|
|
Popular Democratic Party
|
Puerto Rico
PPD Founded by Luis Munoz Marin Rules today in PR Aligns with US Democrats |
|
|
|
Luis Munoz Marin
|
founded Popular Democratic Party in PR
|
|
|
|
New Progressive Party
|
PNP
Puerto Rico wants statehood goes with Republicans |
|
|
|
Romulo Bentacourt
|
Venezuela
Democratic Action AD Party implemented social and agrarian reform |
|
|
|
War of the Pacific
|
Conflict over Nitrate Fields
Chile beat Bolivia and Peru |
|
|
|
American Popular Revolutionary Alliance
|
APRA
Peru Founded in 1924 by Victor Raul Haya de la Torre wanted it to be more like Mexico |
|
|
|
Tupac Amaru Revolutionary Movement
|
Peru
MRTA leftist guerilla group who prospered in 1980s imprisoned diplomats during a social event |
|
|
|
Shining Path
|
Peru
Maoist Wint responsible for 25,000 deaths and $20B in damages |
|
|
|
Alberto Fujimori
|
Peru
elected President in 1990 Son of agricaultural engineer and japan immigrants high voter approval but fixed election and resigned |
|
|
|
Chaco War
|
turing point in Bolivia's social developmet
|
|
|
|
Nationalist Revolutionary Movement
|
Bolivia
MNR formed in 1940 by intelectuals |
|
|
|
General Augusto Pinochet
|
military dictatorship
killed thousands of subversives undid much of social legislation |
|
|
|
Concertacion por la Democracia
|
Accord for Democracy
center-left party rules today strong economic growth and full democracy |
|
|
|
War of the Triple Alliance
|
Paraguay vs Argentina, Urugauy and Brazil
1865 because of closing of Bio-Bio River 1/2 of pop killed, almost all of the adult males |
|
|
|
Juan Manuel de Rosas
|
Argentina
conservative was exiled |
|
|
|
Juan Domingo Peron
|
Argentina
imposed high taxes on privetly owned businesses gave tax revenues to descamisados wife was Evita |
|
|
|
decamisados
|
rural-to-urban immigrants
"shirtless ones" |
|
|
|
Dirty War
|
Argentina
30,000 killed Marxist Terrorist |
|
|
|
Dom Pedro II
|
Loved Brazil
father-figure ruler ruled wisely and effectively for 5 decades created the post of prime minister established degree of freedom that hasn't be duplicated |
|
|
|
Esado Novo
|
Brazil
"New State" Vargas created blend of faith and technology with socialism Promoted Modernization |
|
|
|
Chichimecs
|
In northern Mexico, SW USA
seminomadic hunting and gathering trib low social achievement |
|
|
|
Aztec
|
Called themselves Mexica
outcasts Founded Tenochtitlan in 1325, biggest city in world at the time adopted Toltec culture 400 settlements, 38 provences human sacrifice 20-50 thousand a year Cannibalizing occured preoccupied with war, death, and trying to keep cosmic order significant urban planning and development Short-lived |
|
|
|
Maya
|
Formed in 3000 AD
Pyramids and stone buildings towns with 40-45 thousand people fifty independent states high pop densities 8-9 Century declined sophisticated hieroglyphic writings astromony and mathematics, including calendars |
|
|
|
Chibcha
|
small agricultural villages
lacked political governce wooden homes |
|
|
|
Inca
|
had one of the most efficiently administerd kingdoms in world
people broken down into families that were governed in groups every worker assigned a trade for life suspension bridges, highways postal service masonry |
|
|
|
Araucanian
|
South of the Inca Empire
"rebel or enemy" Incas couldn't defeat them Took on European horse herded llams |
|
|
|
Chono
|
not advanced
cold wind-batrtered islands homs were just sticks shellfish, sea mammels diet dogswere domesticated barefoot, but free from disease |
|
|
|
Alacaluf
|
not advanced
cold wind-batrtered islands homs were just sticks shellfish, sea mammels diet dogswere domesticated barefoot, but free from disease |
|
|
|
Yahgan
|
not advanced
cold wind-batrtered islands homs were just sticks shellfish, sea mammels diet dogswere domesticated barefoot, but free from disease |
|
|
|
Ona
|
southernmost
hunters |
|
|
|
Tehuelche
|
warlike, horse-oriented culture
hunters |
|
|
|
Puelche
|
Pampa hunter
|
|
|
|
Charrua
|
Uraguay hunters
|
|
|
|
Ge
|
easternand central Brazil
unsophisticated hunters and gatherers |
|
|
|
Ciboney
|
westernern Cuba and Hispanola
unsophisticated hunters and gatherers |
|
|
|
Guarani
|
lowland forst
formed group Tupinamba fisrt people encounted by Porutgueses missonaries |
|
|
|
Arawaks
|
Caribbean Islands between 300 BC and 1000 AD
|
|
|
|
Island Caribs
|
Lesser Antilles
|
|
|
|
Tumbeiros
|
ships that carried over Blacks called "Slavers" or "coffin ships"
|
|
|
|
manumission
|
freedom given to slaves without anything in return
usually black mistresses, children, or other relative of master |
|
|
|
Maroon
|
society formed during colonial period in NE Brazil Guyana colmbia, Mexico and Jamacia
|
|
|
|
Miscegenation
|
racial mixing
|
|
|
|
mestizos
|
European and American indian
(Spanish) |
|
|
|
mamelucos
|
Euopean and American Indian
(Portugese) |
|
|
|
Mulattos
|
Black and White
|
|
|
|
Zambos
|
Black and Brown
|
|
