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201 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Pyramus (male) & Thisbe (female)
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Romeo & Juliet mimic
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(Pyramus & Thisbe) before the berries of the mulberry tree were red, what color were they?
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white
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Where did Pyramus & Thisbe live?
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Babylon (modern Iraq)
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What separated the houses of Pyramus & Thisbe?
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one wall
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(Pyramus & Thisbe) what flaw was in the wall separating their houses?
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a chink/crack
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Why could Pyramus & Thisbe not see each other?
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the wall & parents forbid
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After a long time, Pyramus & Thisbe devised what plan?
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meet outside the city
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(Pyramus & Thisbe) where was their meeting place?
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the mulberry tree by the Tomb of Ninus (old king)
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(Pyramus & Thisbe) who arrived there first?
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Thisbe
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(Pyramus & Thisbe) Who/what arrived next?
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lioness with a bloody mouth
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(Pyramus & Thisbe) When Thisbe fled from the lioness what did she leave?
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her cloak
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(Pyramus & Thisbe) What happened to Thisbe's cloak?
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the lioness tore it & mouthed it & got it bloody
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(Pyramus & Thisbe) after the lioness left who arrived next?
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Pyramus
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(Pyramus & Thisbe) what did Pyramus see & conclude?
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the torn, bloodstained cloak.
concluded that Thisbe was dead |
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What did Pyramus do after seeing Thisbe's cloak?
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killed himself with his sword
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(Pyramus & Thisbe) how did the berries of the tree change color?
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Pyramus' blood fell on them
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(Pyramus & Thisbe) who returned to the meeting place?
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Thisbe
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(Pyramus & Thisbe) Why could the tree with the white berries not be found?
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the berries were red
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(Pyramus & Thisbe) who was found by the red berried-tree?
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a dying Pyramus
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(Pyramus & Thisbe) what happened to Pyramus & Thisbe?
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Pyramus died
Thisbe killed herself |
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who had pity on Pyramus & Thisbe?
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the gods
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(Pyramus & Thisbe) what stands as a memorial to their love?
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the red mulberry fruit
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(Pyramus & Thisbe) what did the parents do with their bodies?
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cremate them & place ashes in one urn
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Orpheus (male) & Eurydice (female)
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musician loves nymph (who dies) & tries to get her back
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who were the earliest musicians?
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the gods
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who invented the flute?
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Athena
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Who invented the lyre & to whom was it given?
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Hermes made it on the day he was born & gave it to Apollo
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Who made the shepherd-pipe?
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Hermes
*not same as pan pipes/syrinx |
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Who invented the syrinx & from what was it made? what story is this story told in?
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Pan
from reeds story of IO |
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Although the Muses played no musical instrument, why are they famous?
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singing/beautiful voices. patron deities of fine arts.
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(Orpheus & Eurydice) who was the most skilled musician & singer among all mortals?
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Orpheus
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who were the parents of Orpheus?
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a Muse & a Thracian prince (or Oeagrus the river god or Apollo)
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what famous expedition did Orpheus go on?
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sailed with Jason on the Argo
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how did Orpheus save the Argonauts?
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sang prettily & drowned out sirens who threw themselves on the rocks
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whom did Orpheus love?
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Eurydice
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Did Orpheus & Eurydice wed?
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yes
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What happened to Eurydice?
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a viper stung her & she died on wedding day
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what did Orpheus do to get her back?
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journey to world of death to bring her back
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how was Orpheus able to carry out his plan so easily to get Eurydice back?
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he sang & everything comes to a standstill
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From whom did Orpheus request the return of his wife?
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Hades
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What was the condition that was made in order for Orpheus to have her?
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he couldn't look back until the reached the upper world
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What happened to Eurydice on the way out of the Underworld? why?
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she vanished cuz he turned around too soon
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why could Orpheus not return to the Underworld?
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the gods wouldn't allow it
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what did Orpheus do after he couldn't return for Eurydice again?
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wander & sing
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As Orpheus journeyed through Thrace, who found him?
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The Maenads
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What did the Maenads do to Orpheus?
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tear him apart & throw most of body into river
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(Orepheus & Eurydice) what part do the muses play at the end of the story?
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they gathered his limbs & buried him at the base of Mt. Olympus, except for head-buried at Lemnos island
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what birds represent the sweet singing of Orpheus? where do they sing more sweetly than anywhere else?
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nightingales.
Mt. Olympus' foot |
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Ceyx (male) & Alcyone (female)
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king & queen separated by death, then reunited
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Who was Ceyx?
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a king in Thessaly
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what was Ceyx's parentage?
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son of Lucifer (lightbearer-the star that brings the day)
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what was Alcyone's parentage?
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daughter of Aeolus-1st king of Thessaly
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why did Ceyx have to leave Alcyone?
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to journey across the sea to the oracle
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how did Alcyone react to the news that Ceyx would leave?
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freak out/cry. she knew about the seas.
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did Ceyx heed his wife's warning to stay?
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no
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what happened to Ceyx?
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storm came.
ship wrecks. he drowns |
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what was Alcyone doing while Ceyx was gone?
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keeping busy.
weaving robes. counting days praying |
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which god/goddess did Alcyone pray to most of all?
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Juno
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whom did Juno send to the Underworld? where specifically & why?
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Iris. to the house of Somnus (god of sleep) to tell Alcyone in a dream of Ceyx's fate
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(Ceyx & Alcyone) who was summoned to carry out the orders of Juno?
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Morpheus-god of dreams. son of sleep
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(Ceyx & Alcyone) what form did Morpheus assume?
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naked/drowned Ceyx
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What does Alcyone do after waking up?
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goes to seashore
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What does Alcyone find?
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hubby's body on water
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what does Alcyone try to do?
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swim to him
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what happened to Ceyx & Alcyone?
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changed into kingfishers (mate for life,water birds)
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Pygmalion (guy) & Galatea (gal)
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gal hater becomes lover of statue
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why did Pygamlion hate women?
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they had faults & he had art
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what was Pygmalion's occupation?
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master sculptor
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what did Pygmalion make?
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statue of a woman without a fault
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how did women avenge themselves against Pygmalion?
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he fell in love with his statue
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what goddess came to Pygmalion's aid? what did she do?
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Venus-gave the statue life (metamorphosis-inanimate to human)
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what did Pygmalion call his statue?
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Galatea
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how did Venus honor Pygmalion & Galatea?
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came to their wedding
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who was the offspring of Pygmalion & Galatea? how was he honored?
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Paphos-gave name to Venus' favorite city
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Baucis (gal) & Philemon (guy)
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two old folks who honored the gods with what they had
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what tree did Baucis get turned into?
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Linden (BLT)
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what tree did Philemon get turned into?
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Oak (POT)
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(Baucis & Philemon) in Phrygia, 2 trees grew from 1 trunk. what types were they?
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oak & linden
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(Baucis & Philemon) when Jupiter become bored of being on Mt. Olympus, what did he do? Who accompanied him?
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came to earth disguised as a mortal & looked for adventures
Mercury |
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who was always under the special protection of Zeus?
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guests seeking shelter in a strange land & travelers & sailors
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(Baucis & Philemon) how were Jupiter & Mercury disguised on this journey?
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poor wayfarers
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(Baucis & Philemon) Every time Jupiter & Mercury visited a house, what happened?
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they were turned away
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what happened when they visited the small/poor home of Baucis & Philemon? how do B & P treat J & H?
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they were welcomed.
nice. let them come in/rest. start fire, cook/feed them |
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what food did Baucis & Philemon prepare?
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olives/radishes/eggs/cabbage & bacon/lettuce/nuts/dates/cherries
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what did Baucis & Philemon serve to drink?
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watered down vinegar wine
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what did Baucis & Philemon discover & how?
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they had gods for guests. the wine bowl was drank from, yet never emptied
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how did Baucis & Philemon react to learning their guests' identities? what did they try to do?
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fear/trembling/humility. with apologies.
tried to catch goose for better food |
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How did the two gods treat Phrygia?
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flooded it. wiped out all by B & P
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how did the two gods treat Philemon & Baucis?
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granted their wish
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what was the wish of Philemon & Baucis?
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that they may be caretakers of a temple & that they may die together
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what happened to the home of Baucis & Philemon?
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turned into temple
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what happened to Philemon & Baucis?
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turned into entwined trees
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who fell in love with Endymion (guy)?
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Selene (the moon)
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who was Endymion?
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shepherd (or hunter or king)
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what happened to Endymion?
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put into permanent sleep so moon can caress him at night
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Who loved Daphene (girl)?
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Apollo
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Did Daphene love Apollo? why
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no-exile was expected fate. & she followed Artemis
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who did Daphne admire most?
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Diana (Artemis)
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what was Daphne changed into? who changed her?
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a laurel tree. her dad (River-god Peneus)
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how did Apollo honor Daphne?
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used tree for laurel/victory wreaths
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Alpheus (guy) & Arethusa (gal)
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gal loved by river god, but didn't love him
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who was Arethusa. what was she turned into? who caused her change?
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huntress/follower of Artemis.
turned into a sacred spring. Artemis |
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who was Alpheus?
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River god
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how did Arethusa meet Alpheus?
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she swam in his river
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Purpose of Thisbe & Pyramus?
(2) |
1: explain change from white to red of mulberry tree berries
2: shows what happens when things interfere with true love |
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which 2 famous ppl. were born in Thrace?
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Orpheus & Dionysus
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Sirens appeared in which 2 stories?
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Odysseus & Jason/Argonauts
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Purpose of Ceyx & Alcyone?
(3) |
1. origin of kingfishers
2. shows how faithfulness of marriage is rewarded 3. origin of Alcyon (super calm water) days of Med. Sea |
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Purpose of Pygmalion & Galatea?
(1) |
explain name of city Paphos (son of P & G)
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Purpose of Baucis & Philemon?
(2) |
1. origin of oak & linden trees
2. shows what happens when hospitality is/isn't offered |
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Purpose of story of Daphne?
(1) |
explain origin of laurel tree
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Argo (Jason story)
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ship in golden fleece quest.
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Argos (Jason story)
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name of master ship builder of the Argo
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Athamas (Jason story)
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king who got tired of 1st wife (Nephele) & got rid of her & married Ino
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Nephele (Jason story)
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1st wife of Athamas. cloud nymph
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Ino (Jason story)
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2nd wife of Athamas
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Helle (Jason story)
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daughter of Nephele & Athamas. saved by golden ram. fell off & drowned
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Phrixus (Jason story)
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son of Nephele & Athamas. supposed to be sacrificed to save ppl. saved by golden ram
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Phineus (Jason story)
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old truth teller (gift of prophecy)
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Symplegades (Jason story)
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clashing rocks in sea that well, clash together
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Prometheus (Jason story)
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chained to rock. gave man fire. Argo sailed by when eagle was devouring liver
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Apsyrtus (Jason story)
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Medea's brother
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Talus (Jason story)
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last man of ancient bronze race. all bronze except for 1 ankle. on Crete guarding gods' treasure
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origin of name "Hellespont" (Jason story)
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Helle fell off golden ram & drowned-->sea of Helle
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how did Phrixus show his gratitude for Zeus for saving his life? (Jason story)
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sacrificed golden ram
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companions of Jason in quest for Golden Fleece?
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Hercules, Orpheus, Castor & Pollux, Peleus (Achilles' dad), Polypheumus (not giant/cyclopes one), Sons of Boreus
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patron goddesses of Jason & quest?
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Athena & Hera
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why was Zeus displeased w/ Phineus? (Jason story)
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Phineus told prophecies about Zeus
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parents of the Amazons? (Jason story)
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Ares & Harmonia (Harmony=peace loving nymph)
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When Jason landed at Colchis, Hera enlisted this goddess's help.
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Aphrodite
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How did Aphrodite help Jason?
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made Medea (King of Colchis' girl) fall for Jason
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What was Jason to do for King Aeetes in return for the golden fleece?
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yoke 2 bulls (w/ bronze feet/breath of fire) & plow a field w/ dragons' teeth (which makes crop of armed men to be harvested & killed)
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who guarded the golden fleece?
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serpent/dragon
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how did Medea help Jason avenge the death of his 'rents?
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brought about Pelias' death (tricked his daughters into cutting up/boiling Pelias to make him "young again")
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When Jason decided to abandon Medea & their 2 sons in order to marry the princess of Corinth, what does Medea do?
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threatened princess-->get exiled.
jinxed a robe & killed princess & killed her own sons |
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Poseidon + Theophane (Jason story)
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Chrysomallus
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Chrysomallus (Jason story)
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talking/flying/giant golden ram
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Pelias' relation to Jason
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uncle to nephew
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harpies (Jason story)
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hounds of hell
snatchers favorites of Zeus tormented Phineus until sons of Boreas intervened |
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Scylla & Charybdis (Jason story)
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Scylla: monster. female. serpent w/ many heads
Charybdis: whirlpool opposite of Scylla |
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how Medea helps Jason
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1. gives ointment to make him invincible/immune to fire
2. tells him how to defeat dragon teeth warrior (throw stone) 3. helped him steal fleece 4. distracted king of Colchis (killed bro) 5. plotted death of Pelias |
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fate of Jason
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killed by rotten/falling beam of Argo
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zodiac signs (animals-7) (Phaethon story)
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Ram: Aries
Bull: Taurus Crab: Cancer Lion: Leo Scorpion: Scorpio Goat: Capricorn Fish: Pisces |
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zodiac signs (ppl. 5) (Phaethon story)
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Gemini the twins (Castor/Pollus)
Virgo the Virgin Libra the Scales Sagittarius the Archer Aquarius the Water Bearer |
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purpose of Phaethon story
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1. introduce to signs of zodiac
2. show how desert regions came into existance 3. origin of poplar tree 4. explains why ppl. of earth had different skin colors 5. be careful what you wish for 6. heed parents' advice |
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origin of poplar tree (Phaethon story)
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Heliads (daughters of Helios) mourn bro's death (Phaethon) until turned into trees by grave
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purpose of Otus & Ephialtes (2)
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1. what happens when individual tries to acquire what he can't have (i.e. a goddess)
2. how giants were killed story |
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hero trait
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if you commit a crime, you pay for it (i.e. be punished)
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Phaethon's parents
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Apollo (sungod)
Clymene (mortal) |
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how did Apollo prove he was Phaethon's daddy?
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promised on River Styx to give P. anything P. asked
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what did Phaethon ask for Apollo to do? was Apollo able to dissuade him?
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let him (P.) drive sun chariot
no |
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what were some of the dangers that Phaethon had to face?
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strong horses (used to Apollo only), heights, steep road, beasts (i.e. zodiac in heavens), chariot
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who were the gate keepers to Mt. Olympus? (Phaethon story)
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the seasons
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did Phaethon succeed in driving the sun chariot?
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nope
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who restored order to the sun chariot's flight? how? (Phaethon story)
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Zeus. by killing Phaethon w/ thunderbolt & driving horses to sea
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what happened to Phaethon when he fell to earth?
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River Eridanus got body & put out flames
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punishment of Sisyphus (Pegasus & Bellerphon story)
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roll stone uphill only to have it fall back
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Bellerophon supposed daddy vs. rumored daddy
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Sisyphus vs. Poseidon
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origin of Pegasus (2)
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1. son of Poseidon & gorgon Medusa
2. sprang up from gorgon's blood when Perseus killed Medusa |
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who aided Bellerophon in taming/capturing Pegasus? how?
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Athena-gave him golden bridle which who tame horse
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Bellerophon troubles post capturing Pegasus:
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killed bro. visited King Proetus of Argos to get purified. Wife of Proetus (Anteia) tried to seduced him & failed, then lied & said he tried to seduce her. sent to King of Lycia to be killed. Sent to slay Chimaera & fight Solymi/Amazon
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final fate of Bellerophon
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tried to fly to Mt. Olympus & Pegasus threw him
or Zeus struck him w/ thunderbolt. wandered alone till death |
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final fate of Pegasus
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favorite of Zeus. stayed in Zeus's stable. brought thunder/lightning to Zeus
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Otus & Ephialtes relation, species, & daddy
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twins, giants, Poseidon
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how Otus & Ephialtes fell out of favor w/ the gods
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tried to prove they were superior to the gods
imprisoned Ares threatened to pile mtns on top of each other to reach Mt. Olympus |
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who persuaded Zeus to NOT slay Otus & Ephialtes?
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Poseidon
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Otus fell in love with what goddess?
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Hera-queen of gods
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Ephialtes loved which goddess?
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Artemis-virgin goddess
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How did Artemis bring an end to Otus & Ephialtes?
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she ran. they chased. she turned into hind (a type of deer). they split up & chased. she runs in clearing. they throw javelins at her. she runs. javelins kill brothers
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Sisyphus story summary
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mortal who died & ordered wife not to properly bury him. she obeys, so allowed to go back to get proper burial. never came back. death w/ chains looks for him. death gets chained up on earth-->no one can die. death freed. Sisyphus dies & has to push stone to hilltop & it rolls back down
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Purpose of Pegasus & Bellerphon story (3)
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1. origin of Pegasus
2. origin of Chimaera 3. be careful what you wish for |
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Daedalus's trade
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architect
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Daedalus's greatest work & for whom was it built?
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labyrinth to keep Minotaur in Crete
for king Minos |
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Why were Daedalus & Icarus (son of D.) imprisoned by king Minos?
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Athenians found way out of labyrinth & Minos thought Daedalus helped
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how did Daedalus & Icarus escape?
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D. made 2 pairs of wax wings
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What warning did Daedalus give Icarus?
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not fly too high or sun will melt wax & I. will fall/die
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what happened to Icarus?
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flew too high & died
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where did Daedalus go?
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to Sicily
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what contest did Minos devise to discover Daedalus' whereabouts?
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reward for one who could pass a thread through intricately spiraled shell.
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how did Daedalus solve contest?
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tied string to ant & sent it through
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fate of king Minos?
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slain by king of Sicily
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origin of the minotaur
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Poseidon gave Minos snazzy bull to sacrifice. Minos kept bull & sacrificed less snazzy bull. Poseidon made Minos´wife fall in love with snazzy bull. 9 months later, minotaur!
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description of minotaur
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human from neck down.
bull from neck up. eats human flesh |
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King of Crete
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Minos
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King of Athens
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Aegeus
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Theseus
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son of Aegeus & gal that Poseidon/Aegeus both slept w/ on the same night.
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how Theseus came into princedom
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Aegeus buried sword/sandals under boulder & Theseus´mom raises him as a warrior (music & weapons). Theseus retrieves & goes to Athens. Medea tries to kill but fails/is discovered
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Medea & Aegeus
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=Metis
Medea=wife of Aegeus Medea & Metis leave for Colchis |
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Daedalus´s sister
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Perdix (means partridge)
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Perdix´s son
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Talus or Talos
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Daedalus´s inventions
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master craftsman.
axe, awl, level |
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Talus´s inventions
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saw, potter´s wheel, glue, gimlet (hole driller), plumb line
by age 12 |
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Talus´ position
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Daedalus´ apprentice
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Talus´ fate
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pushed off Athena´s temple by D. Athena turned him into a Perdix (partridge)
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where Daedalus goes after Talus incident
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Crete
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Fate of prince of Crete
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Killed by boar in Athens
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Minos´ reaction to son´s death
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war with Athens-->Crete wins-->7 Athenian boys & 7 Athenian girls sent to Crete (to feed minotaur)
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black flag/white flag meaning
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Theseus goes to kill minotaur. if survived, he´ll fly white flag. if died, black flag. forgot to switch flag
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Ariadne & Theseus in story
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A. helped T. & got left for her troubles. Dionysus found & married
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fate of Aegeus
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sees black flag & throws self in sea
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purposes of Daedalus´s story
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1. origin of minotaur
2. origin of partridge 3. Golden mean (nothing in excess) 4. heed parents´advice 5. origin of Aegean Sea 6. origin of Icarian Sea 7. Minos--> judge of underworld 8. inventions origins |
