Last Med Surg 2 Test---Endocrine System

Front 1

What is the overall function of the endocrine system

Back 1

To maintain homeostasis

Front 2

What are endocrine hormones composed of

Back 2

Proteins and Steroids

Front 3

Problems are either

Back 3

Hypo/hyper activity

Front 4

What are the major Thyroid hormones?

Back 4

T3, T4, TSH

Front 5

How is RAI given?

Back 5

Orally

Front 6

High uptake of RAI is

Back 6

hyperthyroidism

Front 7

Low uptake of RAI is

Back 7

Hypothryroidism

Front 8

What is the mineral needed for normal thyroid function?

Back 8

Iodine

Front 9

When a patient or caregiver discards the urine after a RAI what should they do?

Back 9

Patient should wash hands and caregiver should use gloves

Front 10

Should pregnant women go near patients doing a RAI study?

Back 10

No they should avoid patients for 24 hours

Front 11

This refers to facial edema that develops with severe, long term hypothyroidism

Back 11

Myxedema

Front 12

This results from untreated hypothryroidism in infants

Back 12

Creatinism

Front 13

What type of skin/hair/nails will a patient have with hypothyroidism?

Back 13

Dry skin, thinning hair, and thick brittle nails

Front 14

What type of cardiovascular s/s will a patient have with hypothyroidism?

Back 14

Bruising and anemia

Front 15

Patients with this will have slowing down in body functions...

Back 15

Hypothryroidism

Front 16

Patients will have lethargy, slowed mental processes, and forgetfullness with this disorder

Back 16

Hypothryroidism

Front 17

Patients will have anorexia, constipation and weight gain with this disorder

Back 17

Hypothryroidism

Front 18

Patients with these disorders will have menstrual irregularities and decreased libido

Back 18

Hypothryroidism and Hyperthyroidism

Front 19

Patients with this will be cold and they will have edema on their hands and feet

Back 19

Hypothryroidism

Front 20

Patients with this will have smooth and moist skin

Back 20

Hyperthyroidism

Front 21

Patients with this disorder will be sped up in their body functions

Back 21

Hyperthyroidism

Front 22

Patients with this will have diarrhea, nervousness, agitation, and fine tremors

Back 22

Hyperthyroidism

Front 23

Patients with this disorder will have increased body temp and exopthalmos

Back 23

Hyperthyroidism

Front 24

What is the location of they thyroid gland?

Back 24

The lower portion of the anterior neck

Front 25

What is the bridge called where the tissues are connected of the thyroid gland?

Back 25

isthmus

Front 26

What is the function of the thyroid gland?

Back 26

To regulate the body's metabolism and growth and development

Front 27

Thyroid glands secrete hormones that affect the production and use of

Back 27

Energy (metabolism)

Front 28

What is the most common type of hyperthyroidism

Back 28

Graves disease

Front 29

What is the major complication of hypothyroidism?

Back 29

Myxedema Coma

Front 30

What do you want to make sure patients know when they have hypothryroidism?

Back 30

To report rapid heart beats and chest pain

Front 31

What is the thyroid hormone replacement drug

Back 31

Synthroid

Front 32

When do you withhold synthroid and notify the dr?

Back 32

When the patients pulse is 100 or greater

Front 33

What are antithryorid drugs used to treat?

Back 33

Hyperthyroidism

Front 34

Why would you monitor bleeding when patients are on PTU, a antithyroid drug?

Back 34

Because of agranulocytes due to decreased platelets and prothrombin

Front 35

When patients are taking SSKI, an antithryoid drug, what is it used for?

Back 35

To control bleeding during surgery and is given before surgery

Front 36

When/how do you give SSKI, an antithryoid drug?

Back 36

Dilute with liquids and give after meals

Front 37

RAI 131I, a antithryoid drug, what are patients on?

Back 37

Radiation precautions

Front 38

What do higher therapeutic doses do of RAI 131I?

Back 38

Destroys thyroid tissue in hyperthyroidism and thyroid malignancies

Front 39

What disease do you monitor V/S (pulse and RES), sedate, give beta blockers, give rest periods, make sure they avoid caffeine, monitor for CHF, adjust room temp, protect eyes with drops-etc, decrease salt intake, give antidiarrheals, do drug therapy, and surgery

Back 39

Hyperthyroidism

Front 40

How should patients sleep with hyperthyroidism and why?

Back 40

They may have exopthalmos so the head of their bed needs to be elevated to relieve pressure on their eyes

Front 41

What do they need to wear when they go outside (for people with hyperthyroidism)

Back 41

Dark glasses

Front 42

What do patients with Hyperthyroidism need to do for nutrition?

Back 42

Increase cals, vitamins, minerals-due to diarrhea and trouble absorbing

Front 43

What do you need to instruct the patient to do after thyroidectomy?

Back 43

Raise their head without straining their neck

Front 44

Where do you check for bleeding after a thyroidectomy?

Back 44

Behind the neck because blood will drain that way

Front 45

What do you assess after a thyroidectomy besides dressing?

Back 45

Voice quality, they may have a laryngospasm which can cause hoarsness

Front 46

What are the signs of hypocalcemia

Back 46

Chvostek and Trousseaus signs

Front 47

This sign is indicated by a facial twitch

Back 47

Chvosteks

Front 48

This sign is indicated by a carpopedal spasm

Back 48

Trousseaus

Front 49

What are the normal levels of calcium?

Back 49

9-11

Front 50

What position do you put your patient in after a thyroidectomy?

Back 50

Semifowlers

Front 51

What is the number 1 complication after a thryoidectomy?

Back 51

Hemorrhage

Front 52

You will have your patient to do 2 things after a thyroidectomy?

Back 52

Turn and deep breathe

Front 53

This happens 12 hours after a thyroidectomy and it is when large amounts of hormones enter into the blood stream

Back 53

Thyroid Crisis

Front 54

What are the signs of thyroid crisis?

Back 54

Tachycardia, cardiac dysrhythmias, vomiting, fever, confusion, heart failure

Front 55

What is a major sign of thyroid crisis?

Back 55

Severe tachycardia- beats 200 plus

Front 56

What are the dietary needs for a patient with hyperthyroidism?

Back 56

Avoid dairy and calcium products, take sodium and phosphorus, maintain a high fluid intake

Front 57

What is the drug Calcimar for?

Back 57

Treats hypercalcemia, do a sensitivity

Front 58

What is the drug Mithracin for?

Back 58

Treats hypercalcemia and is usually for people with cancer

Front 59

This is a S/S of hypoparathyroidism

Back 59

Tetany

Front 60

Patients with this will also have contractures, spasms, numbness, tingling, laryngospasms, anxiety, dysrhythmias, convulsions, chvosteks sign, and trousseaus sign, if this is not corrected it can be fatal

Back 60

Hypoparathyroidism

Front 61

This is indicated when the patient has muscle cramps, tingling and twitching of the face and hands

Back 61

Tetany

Front 62

What are calcium products?

Back 62

Milk, cheese, yogert, green leafy vegs, and fish oil

Front 63

What are the classic s/s of Pheochromocytoma?

Back 63

Diaphoresis, severe headache, and HYPERTENSION

Front 64

What is Pheochromocytoma?

Back 64

Adrenal Medulla Hypersecretion

Front 65

What is the major s/s of pheochromocytoma?

Back 65

Hypertension ( may be 300/175)

Front 66

What are the 3 hormones produced by the adrenal cortex?

Back 66

Glucocorticoids, mineralocorticoids, and sex hormones

Front 67

What is the most abundant glucocorticoid?

Back 67

Cortisol, sugar-anti-inflammatory process

Front 68

What is the most abundant mineralocorticoid?

Back 68

Aldosterone, salt

Front 69

For mineralocorticoids what is retained and what is excreted?

Back 69

Sodium is retained and postassium is excreted

Front 70

What are the two sex hormones?

Back 70

Androgens and Estrogen

Front 71

What e-lyte is needed in large amounts with Addisons disease?

Back 71

Sodium -causes confusion

Front 72

What is a major sign of Addisons Disease when concerning skin?

Back 72

Bronzing in areas exposed to the sun

Front 73

What is the treatment for Addisons Disease?

Back 73

Replacement of gluco/mineralocorticoids

Front 74

Shortages of fluid and e-lytes in Addisons disease will cause

Back 74

Confusion, dizziness, decreased BP, parasthesia, rhythm distrubances

Front 75

What is the major sign of Addisons Crisis?

Back 75

Hypotension

Front 76

What are s/s of Addisons Crisis?

Back 76

Hypotension, tachycardia, dehydration, confusion, hyponatremia, hyperkalemia, hypercalcemia, and hypoglycemia-similar to shock

Front 77

When a patient has Addisons Disease and they have hyperkalemia what will their T waves look like?

Back 77

They will be increased

Front 78

What are the s/s of Cushing Syndrome

Back 78

Trunical obesity ( excess body fat in trunk and back), protein wasting (thin legs and arms), moon face, purple striae ( on belly, breasts, butt, and thighs), osteoporosis, fragile sking with brusing, hypokalemia, hirsutism, mentral disorders, mood swings, fluid and e-lyte changes

Front 79

What will the T waves look like with a patient who has hypokalemia in Cushing Syndrome

Back 79

They will be flat

Front 80

What do you need to do as a nurse for a patient who has Cushing Syndrome?

Back 80

Fluids and e-lytes, decreased calories, avoid infection, may need psych evaluation, good skin care, protect from falls, remove tumor from pituitary and adrenal glands, give emotional support, and teach to gradually withdrawal of glucocorticoids

Front 81

What will you need to decrease/increase for a patient who has Cushing Syndrome?

Back 81

Decrease Calorie and salt and increase potassium