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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Biofuels
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Derived from biomass
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How much energy does biofuels use of all the US energy?
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3%
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What does biomass come from?
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Burning of plants and trees
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Biodiesel fuel is a substitute for what?
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Petroleum diesel
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Fuel Alcohol
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Ethanol, takes starch to sugar to alcohol, distills alcohol to ethanol!
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What does fuel alcohol (ethanol) come from?
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Wheat, barley, potatoes, waste paper, sawdust, and straw can be used to ferment
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What is needed to grow crops for energy to use for biomass resources?
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Fertilizer, fuel for tractors, processing
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What percent of growth has US renewable electricity experienced?
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10%
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What is the top country with renewable electricity?
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China
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What is government money spent subsidizing?
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Fossil fuels more so than renewable energy
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Coal primarily made of what?
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Carbon and Sulphur
It's fossilized and solid hydrocarbon |
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How does coal form?
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It's biological matter, initially in swamps of bogs. Abundant organic material
The accumulation rate exceeds decay rate |
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Initial material of coal:
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Peat-like potting soil
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Three Different Types of Coal:
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Lignite
Bituminous Anthracite |
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Where do we find coal?
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Landscape settings-deltas, coastal swamps
Warm periods with high sea levels |
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Coal deposits are identified as what?
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Very dark colored layers in sedimentary rocks
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What type of coal releases the most energy when burned?
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Anthracite
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Coal is the cheapest energy source for producing electricity, true or false?
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True
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Surface Coal Mining
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Remove tops and sides of mountains and dump the rock into surrounding valleys and rivers
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Underground Coal Mining Methods
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Blast or drill coal away, leaving pillars to support mine
Remove pillars at very end, collapsing entire ground surface |
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Coal mining effects on land
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Coal sludge releases, mountaintop removal, huge water use
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Fly Ash
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The ash left over from burning coal in power plants (like wood it doesn't burn completely)
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Coal Mining effects on health
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Black Lung disease (miners)
Respiratory illnesses (public) |
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Coal Mining Effects on air
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Greenhouse gases, acid rain, toxics
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Acid Rain
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More acidic precipitation than normal
Formed by interactions of pollutants with the atmosphere Impact on plants, animals, water bodies, buildings, and statues (primarily those made of limestone) |
