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9 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Most common laser used for tattoo removal? |
The Q-switched Nd:YAG 1064 nm has the deepest penetration and carries the least risk of hypopigmentation; therefore it is often used for professional tattoo removal. |
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Which laser has the highest affinity for water? |
A wavelength of 2940 nm (Er:YAG) has the greatest affinity for water. However, CO2 lasers at 10,600 nm have 13 times less affinity for water than Er:YAG lasers. |
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A 24-year-old woman comes to the office because of a capillary malformation of the right cheek. Which of the following lasers is the most appropriate treatment in this patient? A) Carbon dioxide laser (10,200 nm) B) Er:YAG (2940 nm) C) Nd:YAG (1064 nm) D) Pulsed-dye (585 nm) E) Q-switched ruby (694 nm) |
D, pulsed dye The chromophore for the pulsed-dye laser at a wavelength of 585 nm is oxyhemoglobin. Thus, this laser is best suited to treat vascular lesions. |
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A 54-year-old woman comes to the office because of severe facial rhytides and photodamage. Examination shows Fitzpatrick skin type III. Ablative laser resurfacing is planned. Which of the following is the most likely complication of laser resurfacing in this patient? |
Hyperpigmentation is the most common adverse effect of laser resurfacing- occurs in 36% of patients and is most common in Fitzpatrick skin Types III-VI. Treatment consists of hydroquinone and tretinoin. Sun exposure should be avoided. Rates of hyperpigmentation can be reduced in those pretreated with retinoic acid and bleaching agents. While hyperpigmentation can be permanent, with proper treatment it usually resolves within a few months. Erythema is expected & can last 1-4 months, which is part of the normal healing process. |
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What can be used to treat post laser erythema? |
Postoperative topical application of ascorbic acid has been shown to decrease the duration as well as the severity of erythema. Topical therapy with ascorbic acid should be applied following reepithelialization. |
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Which type of lasers are good for dark pigment tattoo removal in the higher Fitzpatrick skin types? |
Q-switched lasers, including ruby, Nd:YAG, and alexandrite types, are based on the principle of selective photothermolysis. They are suited for removal of black tattoo pigments as well as a variety of colors while minimizing the risk of scar. |
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Which laser to treat port wine stains in the pediatric population? |
Pulsed-dye laser with epidermal cooling remains the standard means of treating port-wine stains in the pediatric population. |
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A 45-year-old woman is being evaluated because of discrete, red, facial capillaries that she would like to have removed. Which of the following lasers is most appropriate to ablate the vessels?
A ) KTP (532-595 nm) B ) Q-switched ruby (694 nm) C ) Nd:YAG (1064 nm) D ) Er:YAG (2940 nm) E ) Carbon dioxide (10,600 nm)
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The correct response is Option A. The 532-595 nm wavelength is the most appropriate choice, as it has the highest affinity for the vessels and can be more effective with the appropriate settings. |
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Which laser is best used to treat green tattoo pigment? Alternative? |
Green tattoo ink responds effectively to treatment with a 755-nm Q-switched alexandrite laser. Alternatively, ruby lasers, with a 694-nm wavelength, can be used.
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