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54 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are the basic functions of the larynx?
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Phonation: voice production
Protection: provides a open airway during swallowing; protects airway from foreign objects |
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What are the vertebral levels of the larynx?
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C3-C6
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What is the aditus?
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laryngeal inlet
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Which direction does the aditus open?
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superiorly/posteriorly
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What is the distal end of the larynx continuous with?
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trachea
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How many cartilages make up the skeleton of the larynx?
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nine
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What may happen to the cartilages in the elderly?
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they may ossify
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What type of cartilage is the thyroid cartilage?
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hyaline
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What does the inferior horn of the thyroid cartilage articulate with?
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the cricoid cartilage
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What are the structural features of the larynx?
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lamina (pl. laminae)
laryngeal prominence superior horn inferior horn |
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What type of cartilage is the cricoid cartilage?
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hyaline cartilage
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What kind of shape is the cricoid cartilage?
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ring-shaped
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What are the structural features of the cricoid cartilage?
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arch, narrow (anteriorly)
lamina, broad (posteriorly) |
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What shape is the epiglottic cartilage?
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leaf-shaped
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What type of cartilage is the epiglottic cartilage?
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elastic cartilage
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What is the function of the epiglottic cartilage?
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covers larynx/airway during swallowing
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Where is the epiglottic cartilage located?
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within the epiglottis
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What is the epiglottic cartilage anchored to through ligaments?
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hyoid
thyroid cartilage |
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What is the shape of the arytenoid cartilages?
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pyramid-shaped, 3-sided
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Are the arytenoid cartilages paired or unpaired?
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paired
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What do the bases of the arytenoid cartilages articulate with?
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cricoid cartilage
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What do the apex of the arytenoid cartilages articulate with?
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corniculate cartilages
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Where are the arytenoid cartilages locate in relation to the thyroid cartilage?
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posterior to thyroid cartilage
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What are the structural features of the arytenoid cartilages?
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muscular process
vocal process |
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What is the functional importance of the vocal process of the arytenoid processes?
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vocal cord attaches here; controls the tension of the vocal ligaments
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Where are the cuneiform cartilages located?
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within the aryepiglottic folds
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What does the thyrohyoid membrane attach to?
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to the hyoid bone and thyroid cartilage
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What ligaments are included in the thyrohyoid membrane?
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lateral thyrohyoid ligaments
median thyrohyoid ligament |
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What does the cricothyroid ligament attach to?
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cricoid cartilage and thyroid cartilage
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What ligaments are included with the cricothyroid ligament?
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median cricothyroid ligament
vocal ligament |
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What does the cricotracheal ligament attach to?
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cricoid cartilage and first tracheal ring
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What function does the conus elasticus perform?
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funnels air that you exhale to the vocal ligaments
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What is a cricothyrotomy?
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opening airway through the median cricothyroid ligament
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What are the movements of the cricothyroid joint?
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anterior/posterior
tilt |
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What are the movements of the cricoarytenoid joint?
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anterior/posterior
medial/lateral rotation |
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What is the internal surface of the larynx lined with?
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lined with mucosa
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What is the aditus bounded by?
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epiglottic cartilage
cuneiform cartilage corniculate cartilage aryepiglottic folds |
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Where is the vestibule located?
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from the aditus to the vestibular folds
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Where is the laryngeal ventricle located?
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space between vestibular and vocal folds
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Where is the infraglottic cavity located?
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space from vocal fold to inferior cricoid cartilage
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What is the position of the vocal ligaments during deep inhalation?
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open
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What is the position of the vocal ligaments during resting or exhalation?
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closed
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What happens if something touches the vestibular folds?
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cough reflex
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What is the action of the posterior cricoarytenoid muscle?
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abducts vocal cords by rotating arytenoid cartilages
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What is the innervation of the posterior cricoarytenoid muscle?
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recurrent laryngeal nerve (from CNX)
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What is the innervation of the lateral cricoarytenoid muscle?
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recurrent laryngeal nerve (from CNX)
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What is the action of lateral cricoarytenoid muscle?
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adducts vocal cords by rotating arytenoid cartilages
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What is the action of transverse arytenoid muscle?
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adducts vocal cords by approximating arytenoid cartilages, close rima glottidis
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What is the innervation of transverse arytenoid muscle?
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recurrent laryngeal nerve (from CN X)
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What is the action of oblique arytenoid muscle muscle?
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adducts vocal cords by approximating arytenoid cartilages, close rima glottidis
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What is the innervation of oblique arytenoid muscle?
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recurrent laryngeal nerve (from CN X)
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What is the action of aryepiglottic muscle?
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works with arytenoid muscles to form a "sphincter" to close aditus
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What is the innervation of aryepiglottic muscle?
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recurrent laryngeal nerve (from CN X)
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What muscle is the aryepiglottic muscle a continuation of?
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oblique arytenoid muscles
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