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7 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Introduction |
What period? Where is it from? What is the purpose? Who are the audience? How can you tell? |
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Lexis |
High or low frequency? (Audience?) Non-standard? Archaisms? Neologisms? Euphemisms? Vocatives? Amelioration? Narrowing? Broadening? Semantic shift? Affixation? New vocabulary? (Think: invasions? Imperialism? Trade? Colonisation? Changes in society? Modern pronouns?) Lexical sets? Taboo lexis? (Of it's time?) Religious lexis? (Context) Nouns?(what kind) Pronouns? Archaic? (Thee/thou) Verb? Subjunctive? Indicative ? Adverbials? Numerals? Determiners? Forward fronted conjunctions? Inkhorn terms? Foreign lexis? Ephemeral language? (Slangs, euphemisms, idioms?) Remember to consider the context!
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Orthography |
Archaic? Capitalisation of concrete nouns? Residual old English inflectional e on nouns and adjectives? Does it predate the standardisation of spelling aided by SJs 1755 dictionary? Phonetic spelling? Representative of a certain accent? Double vowels? (From Old English marked long vowels) Double consonants? Letter interchange? V/u I/e y/I etc Is it more in keeping with prescriptivist attitudes forming/developed at that time? Have Old English spellings been changed? (SC to ss,sch,or sh? cw to qu?)
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Graphology |
Is the ampersand (&) used? Might this be to conserve space? Is 'y' used to represent th? (This is because th was represented by the runix 'thorne', though over time it came to look more like a 'y'. but when the printing press was introduced by Caxton in the 15th century it only had a Roman alphabet and so a y was used, though it would still be pronounced the). Long 's'? (A derivative of the old Roman cursive medial s, popularised in the Italian Renaissance, did not decline until the 19th century) |
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Grammar- Middle English (1100-) |
Evidence of simplified inflections? (Nouns, adjectives etc?) How are plural nouns marked? (s?en?es? |
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Grammar- EmodE |
How are possessives marked? (Es?ys? 'S?) Are comparatives and superlatives used in a more flexible way than in LME? Pronouns • ye- 2nd person subject plural •you- 2nd person object plural (or respectful and unfamiliar) • thou(subject) thee (object), thy (possessive)- 2nd person singular (informal and familiar) Are third person singular present tense verbs inflected with -s or with -(e)th? Are there any reflexive verbs? Is the interrogative mood constructed without the dummy auxiliary do? Is the dummy auxiliary do+ base form verb used where LME would use a progressive? Are the negatives distinctive? •'not' placed before the verb •ommiting the dummy auxiliary do? • using multiple negatives? |
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Grammar |
What mood? Any subjunctives? Evidence for verbs being used for other things ? • use of auxiliary do for emphasis •progressive? •past progressive? Other tenses? Are transitive verbs used intransitively ? Are there any split infinitives? (To boldy hoe?) Phrasal verbs? |
