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201 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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alb-
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white
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albin/o
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white
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chlor/o
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green
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cirrh/o
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yellow, tawny
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cyan/o
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blue
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eosin/o
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rosy
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erythr/o
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red
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glauc/o
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gray, silver
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jaund/o
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yellow
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leuk/o
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white
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melan/o
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black
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poli/o
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gray
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purpur/o
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purple
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rube-
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red
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xanth/o
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yellow
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erythrocytes
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red blood cells; no nucleus
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leukocytes
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white blood cells
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granulocyte
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type of leukocyte containing granules
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agranulocytes
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type of leukocyte that does not contain granules
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eosinophils
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granular leukocytes in which the granules stain red with acid stain;
active and elevated in allergic conditions such as asthma |
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basophils
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granular leukocytes that readily stain blue with basic stain; relatively pale-staining nucleus that is partially constricted into two lobes, and with cytoplasm containing coarse bluish black granules of variable size; play a role in inflammation
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neutrophils
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granular leukocytes having a nucleus with 3 to 5 lobes in which the granules stain blue and red (purple) with neutral stain; often called polymorphonuclear leukocytes because their nucleus is multilobed
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phagocytes
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disease-fighting cells that engulf and digest bacteria
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lymphocytes
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agranulocyte that fights disease by producing antibodies and destroying foreign cells; divided into two classes: B and T, responsible for humoral (body fluid) and cellular immunity, respectively
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monocytes
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contain one nucleus; engulf and destroy cellular debris after neutrophils have attacked foreign cells; circulate in the blood for about 24 hours before migrating to the tissues (like the lung and liver) to become macrophages, which are large phagocytes
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thrombocytes or platelets
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formed in the bone marrow; smallest of the formed elements in blood; disk-shaped, non-nucleated blood elements with a very fragile membrane; they tend to adhere to uneven or damaged surfaces; help the blood coagulate and clot
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amelioration
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improvement, as of the condition of the patient
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breakthrough
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a significant step forward in theory development or research; in psychotherapy, a change in attitude or behavior following a period of little or no client insight
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commissure
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a site of union of corresponding parts
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crucial
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severe and decisive
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cruciate
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shaped like a cross
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defervesced
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fever decreased
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endogenous
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pertaining to growing from within
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extirpation
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complete removal or eradication of an organ or tissue; excision
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in situ
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in the natural or normal place
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-ism
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condition
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hiatus
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general term for a gap, a cleft, or an opening
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hyaline
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glassy and transparent or nearly so
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macerated
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softened by wetting or soaking
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-paresis
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partial paralysis
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-rrhexis
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rupture
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sequela
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a condition following and resulting from a disease
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surfactant
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an agent that lowers surface tension
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hyperplasia
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increase in number of cells
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hypertrophy
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increase in size of cells
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plural for vas
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vasa
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plural for viscus
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viscera
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plural for corpus
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corpora
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plural of epididymis
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epididymides
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plural for chorion
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chorions
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plural of pons
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pontes
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plural of paries
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parietes
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plural of femur
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femora
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plural of appendix
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appendices or appendixes
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plural of cornu
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cornua
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plural of os
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ora when referring to mouths; ossa when referring to bones
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hernia
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abnormal protrusion of part of an organ or tissue through the cavity or structure that normally contains it
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-algia
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pain
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-cele
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hernia
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-centesis
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surgical puncture to remove fluid
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-coccus
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berry shaped bacterium
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-cyte
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cell
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-dynia
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pain
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-ectomy
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excision, removal
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-emia
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blood condition
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-genesis
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condition of producing, forming
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-gram
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record
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-graph
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instrument for recording
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-graphy
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process of recording
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-itis
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inflammation
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-logy
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study of
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-lysis
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breakdown, destruction, separation
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hiatal hernia
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occurs when the stomach protrudes upward into the mediastinum through the esophageal opening in the diaphragm
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inguinal hernia
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occurs when part of the intestine protrudes downward into the groin region and commonly into the scrotal sac in the male
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rectocele
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protrusion of a portion of the rectum toward the vagina through a weak part of the vaginal wall muscles
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omphalocele
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herniation of the intestines through the navel occurring in infants at birth
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cystocele
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occurs when part of the urinary bladder herniates through the vaginal wall due to weakened pelvic muscles
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herniorrhaphy
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surgical repair of the weakness in the muscle wall through which the hernia protrudes
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-rrhaphy
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suture
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hernioplasty
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surgical repair of a hernia with reconstruction of the abdominal wall; this is done when the weakened area is very large
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amnion
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sac that surrounds the embryo in the uterus
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amniocentesis
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used to diagnose or rule out birth defects
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streptococcus
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berry-shaped bacterium that grows in twisted chains
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staphylococci
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berry-shaped bacteria that grows in small clusters like grapes
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diplococci
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berry-shaped bacteria organized in pairs
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pneumococci
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diplococci that invade the lungs
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gonococci
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diplococci that invade the reproductive organs, causing gonorrhea
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hemoglobin
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protein that is carried by red cells
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anemia
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Lower than normal number of red blood cells in the blood, usually measured by a decrease in the amount of hemoglobin
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ischemia
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literally means to hold back blood from a part of the body; tissue loses its normal flow of blood and becomes deprived of oxygen
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tonsils
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lymphatic tissue in back of the throat
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pituitary gland
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"master" gland of the endocrine system, because it controls the functions of the other endocrine glands; located at base of brain; produces growth hormones
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anterior pituitary
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composed predominantly of cells that secrete protein hormones
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posterior pituitary
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not really an organ, but an extension of the hypothalamus
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acromegaly
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endocrine disorder occurs when pituitary gland produces an excessive amount of growth hormone after the completion of puberty
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spleen
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disposes of dying red blood cells and manufactures white blood cells to fight disease
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-osis
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abnormal condition of increase in normal circulating blood cells
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-emia
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condition is an abnormally high, excessive increase in number of cancerous blood cells
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achondroplasia
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inherited disorder in which the bones of the arms and legs fail to grow to normal size because of a defect in both cartilage and bone
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blepharoptosis
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condition occurs when eyelid muscles weaken and a person has difficulty lifting the eyelid to keep it open
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laparoscopy
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visual examination of the abdominal cavity using a laparoscope
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blood vessels
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are hollow tubes that circulate blood
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artery
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carry blood away from heart
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capillaries
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connects arteries to veins; allow the exchange of gases within the tissue
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veins
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receive blood from the capillaries after the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide has taken place; transport waste rich blood back to heart
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adenoids
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mass of lymphoid tissue in the roof of the nasopharynx
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drop us and add i
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form a plural from us
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retain -a and add e
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form a plural form -a
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drop x and add -ces
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form a plural from -ax
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drop -en and add -ina
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form a plural from -en
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drop -is and add -es
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form a plural from -is
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drop -ix or -ex and add -ices
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form a plural from -ix or -ex
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drop -on and add -a
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form a plural from -on
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drop -um and add -a
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form a plural from -um
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drop -y add -ies
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form a plural from -y
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retain -ma and add -ta
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form a plural from -ma
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-malacia
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softening
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-megaly
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enlargement
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-oma
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tumor, mass, collection of fluid
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-opsy
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to view (under a microscope)
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-osis
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condition, usually abnormal
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-pathy
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disease condition
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-penia
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deficiency
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-phobia
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fear
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-plasia
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development, formation, growth
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-plasty
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surgical repair
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-ptosis
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drooping, sagging, prolapse
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-sclerosis
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hardening
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-scope
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instrument for visual examination
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-scopy
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process of visual examination
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-stasis
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stopping, controlling
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-stomy
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opening to form a mouth
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-therapy
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treatment
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-tomy
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incision, cutting into
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-trophy
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development, nourishment
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-er
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one who
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-ia
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condition
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-ist
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specialist
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-ole
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little, small
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-ule
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little, small
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-um, ium
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structure, tissue
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-us
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structure, substance
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-y
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condition, process
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-genic
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pertaining to producing, produced by or in
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-oid
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resembling
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-ose
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pertaining to, full of
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acr/o
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extremities, top, extreme point
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adip/o
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fat
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amni/o
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sac surrounding embryo in uterus
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angi/o
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vessel
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arthr/o
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joint
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arteri/o
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artery
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axill/o
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armpit
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blephar/o
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eyelid
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bronch/o
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bronchial tubes
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carcin/o
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cancer
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chem/o
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drug, chemical
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chondr/o
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cartliage
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chron/o
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time
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col/o
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colon (large intestine)
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cyst/o
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urinary bladder
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encephal/o
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brain
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erythr/o
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red
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hydr/o
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water, fluid
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inguin/o
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groin
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isch/o
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to hold back
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lapar/o
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abdomen, abdominal wall
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laryng/o
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larynx
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mamm/o
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breast
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mast/o
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breast
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morph/o
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shape, form
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muc/o
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mucus
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my/o
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muscle
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myel/o
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spinal cord, bone marrow
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necr/o
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death
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nephr/o
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kidney
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neur/o
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nerve
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neutr/o
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neutrophil (a white blood cell)
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nucle/o
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nucleus
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ophthalm/o
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eye
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oste/o
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bone
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ot/o
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ear
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path/o
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disease
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peritone/o
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peritoneum
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pah/o
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to eat, swallow
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phleb/o
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vein
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plas/o
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formation, development
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pleur/o
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pleura
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pneumon/o
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lungs
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pulmon/o
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lungs
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radi/o
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x-rays
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rect/o
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rectum
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ren/o
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kindey
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sarc/o
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flesh
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splen/o
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spleen
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staphyl/o
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clusters
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strept/o
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twisted chains
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thorac/o
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chest
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tonsill/o
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tonsils
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trache/o
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trachea (windpipe)
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ven/o
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vein
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