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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Define Aphasia
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global language disturbance (writing, reading, speech)
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What are the different types of aphasia?
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Alexia
Agraphia Anomia |
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What is anomia?
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loss of ability to recall the names of familiar objects which are clearly recognized/function is known
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What is alexia?
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loss of the ability to read
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What is agraphia?
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loss of the ability to write
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Define dysarthria
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deficient motor control of muscles involved in speech production
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Right handed persons are referred to as...?
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Dextrals
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Lefthanded persons are referred to as...?
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Sinistrals
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Who tends to recover more from a left-hemisphere stroke & why: right handers or left handers?
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Left handers b/c may have right hemisphere may contribute slighly to language production
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Which area in the temporal is thought to be important in language performance?
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Planum temporale
Lies between Heschl's gyrus and parietal lobe |
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Describe non-fluent, or Broca's, aphasia
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Slow labored speech
Small grammar Absent endings Telegraphic speech Musical tasks intact Comprehension relatively intact Difficulty repeating back a spoken word Pt aware of & distressed by language deficit Reading intact, but laborious Writing can be abnormal like speech |
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Where is Broca's area?
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Posterior end of the inferior frontal gyrus
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What symptoms may accompany a Broca's aphasia and why?
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Right hemiplegia b/c Broca's area lies near cortical motor representation of face & arm
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Where is Wernicke's area?
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Posterior superior temporal gyrus
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What symptoms may accompany Wernicke's aphasia and why?
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Quadrantanopia due to damage to Meyer's loop (temporal lobe)
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What is conduction aphasia?
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Rare
Inability to repeat words spoken to him/her, despite comprehension and fluent speech Speech is paraphasic (jumbled) |
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What is paraphasic speech?
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Jumbled words, meaningless sentences
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What is a Disconnection syndrome?
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Language disturbance from disconnection between sensory receiving area & language processing areas
e.g. pure word deafness, alexia without agraphia |
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A lesion in the angular gyrus causes what type of aphasia?
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Alexia with agraphia
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What is the clinical presentation of pts with alexia without agraphia?
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Alexia - cannot read
Right homonymous hemianopia Deficit in color naming Intact: Writing Object naming |
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What causes alexia without agraphia?
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Lesion in the left occipital lobe (causes the right homonymous hemianopia)
Lesion involves splenium of corpus callosum (interrupt projection to left hemisphere language areas) |
