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18 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Emergent writing
uses fine motor skills, representation of the written word.
Directionality
Pen movement from left to right
Cursive handwriting
Joined up writing, indicating personality as writer.
Kroll's 4 stages

1. Preparatory - 18 months




2. Consolidation - 6 - 8 years - loose sentence forms without punctuation.




3. Differentiation - 9 - 10 years - writing is separate from speech, understanding of audience and purpose.




4. Integration - 11+ - personal style of writing is adapted confidently to different situations.
Barclay's 7 writing stages

1. Scribbling


2. Mock Handwriting


3. Mock Letters


4. Conventional Letters


5. Invented Spelling


6. Phonetic/Appropriate Spelling


7. Correct Spelling

Rothery's categories

1. Observation/comment


2. Recount


3. Narrative


4. Report
Britton's 3 modes

1. Expressive


2. Poetic


3. Transactional

Perera

1. Chronological


2. Non-Chronological
Spelling strategies

1. Sound clues based on syllables


2. Clues from words meanings and context


3. Writing until it looks right


4. Using grammatical knowledge to predict
Alphabetic Principle
Symbol represents a sound or unit of sounds.
Diagraph
A graphic unit in which two symbols combine to present a single sound.

Orthographical Errors




Insertion
Adding extra letters

Orthographical Errors




Omission
Leaving out letters


Orthographical Errors




Substitution
Substituting one letter for another

Orthographical Errors




Transposition
Reversing correct order of letters

Orthographical Errors




Phonetic Spelling
Using sound awareness to guess letters


Orthographical Errors




Overgeneralisation/Undergeneralisation

Overgeneralising a rule where it is not appropriate




Undergeneralising it by only applying it on one specific context

Orthographical errors




Salient Sounds
Writing only the key sounds