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32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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This law required:
-School Districts provide help to ESL Students (national origin minority students) -Started by President Johnson -Schools were set up in Dade County and Texas - then became national issue Texas Senator Ralph Yarbourgh almost killed it Language Mismatch mypthosis said that if instruction wasn't provided in L1 student wouldn't be successful |
Title VI of the Civil Rights Act
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Originally designed the improve the academic performance of economically disadvantaged students
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1965-Elementary and Secondary Education Act
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Title 7 of the ESEA
Mandated that each school had its own personal program 15,000,000-40,000,000 in funding Schools have to develop their material and training |
1968-Bilingual Education Act
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Said that the schools couldn't put them in mentally challenged classrooms
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1970 - May 25th Memorandum
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This court decision said that resources weren't provided equally for all foreign languages
Formation of the Lau Categories: ??? |
1974 - Lau vs. Nichols
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Extended Lau decision to ALL schools
Regardless of language - if they're limited they need services (poverty)ual |
1974 - Equal Education Opportunity Act
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Established the idea of LEP (Limited English Proficiency)
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1978 - Education Amendment
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From Ramonville, Texas
ESL programs need to actually be available...no more ESL classes on paper |
1981 - Casteneda Decision
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US changed their total approach to education
-We were not doing what other countries were Introduced content standards and benchmarks Students should be tested in 4th, 8th, and 11th grade The focus of the government had JUST been on ELL...now it was all of our students |
1983 - A Nation at Risk
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Almost 20 years since the last piece of education legislation
ALL about accountability -If you kept failing you would be closed What is the impact for ELL? -Required an accelerated rate of learning Before their was no definite pace for students...now their was |
2001 - No Child Left Behind
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Almost 20 years since the last piece of education legislation
ALL about accountability -If you kept failing you would be closed What is the impact for ELL? -Required an accelerated rate of learning Before their was no definite pace for students...now their was |
2001 - No Child Left Behind
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Can zone in on what's necessary to know
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Field Independance
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Must understand connections and big picture
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Field Dependance
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Language acquisition is different versus learning
Input hypothesis i+1 Affective filter (l2) students need low anxiety environment to preform Natural Order Hypothesis - ? Monitor Hypothsis - The Ability to Self Correct |
By Stephen Krashen
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Interlanguage - the gap between l1 and l2
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Larry Selinker
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Behaviorism
Cognitive Theories - We are born with it but it develops Humanistic Theories - Can't separate behavior from whole person |
Learning Theories
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Behaviorism - Structural Linguistics ?
Innatist - Transformational Grammer ? Interactionist - Interactive part/error analysis and discourse analysis |
Language Acquisition Theories
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Venn Diagram - Predict what student was going to get right/wrong
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Contrastive Analysis
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Language Transfer
Transfer of Training Strat. for 2nd language learning " " " communication Over-generalization of l2 |
Selinker - 5 processes of interlanguage
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Fossilization
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Can't learn certain things after a given point/age
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Backsliding
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Even though they've acquired L2...sometimes they forget
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Stimulus-Response
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Pavlov
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Behaviorist - give it its name
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John Watson
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S-R (Effects Future)
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The Law of Effect
Thorndike |
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Learning has to be meaningful
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Ausubel
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Self-Concept
Zone of Proximal Development |
Carl Rogers
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Leneberg said at 14 you can't do anything more
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Critical Period Hypothesis
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S - R - R
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Audio-Lingual Method
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Calent Way
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Kid knows the deal
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Relaxed, no fear of failure
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Desggestopeadia
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BICS
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The basic since the kids has stayed up on everyone/thing. Basic Interpersonal Communication in skills
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CALP
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Cognitive Academic learning process
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