Land Prep

Front 1

whats deep ripping?

Back 1

where the soil is cultivated by a tractor dragging a metal bullet shape underground

Front 2

whats is ripping and mounding?

Back 2

after the soil is cultivated the disc are used to push the soil into a mound which is easier to plant seedlings.

Front 3

what does a "v" blade do ?

Back 3

this is where a bulldozer with a v blade is used to push any materials to the side of it.

Front 4

what is line raking ?

Back 4

this is where a bulldozer witha rake shape blade is used to remove any slash or grasses to make planting easier.

Front 5

what is spot mounding?

Back 5

this combines line raking and ripping and mounding in one operation, slash is cleared from the planting site then soil cultivated up to one meter deep

Front 6

whats roller gravity crushing?

Back 6

a roller is renched to the top of the hill and then rolls down crushing everything in its path.

Front 7

whats spot spraying?

Back 7

a person goes around spot spraying, you can do this before or after planting, so plants don't compete.

Front 8

land preparation invovles cutting vegetation either with....

Back 8

-manually wiht slashers
-motor manually with chainsaws or brushcutters

Front 9

what does poor storage ventilation do for the trees?

Back 9

this causes the trees to "sweat" and dehydrate causing stress in the seedlings that can slow growth or even kill them

Front 10

what are some common causes of tree damage before planting?

Back 10

-poor ventialtion and insulation
-careless handling of boxes and trees
-exposure to wind/sun
-too long between lifting and planting

Front 11

what will poor ventilation and insulation cause?

Back 11

this will cause exces moisture loss from tree. trees will die

Front 12

what will careless handling of boxes cause?

Back 12

thiswill damage the stems, needles and roots which will slow growth

Front 13

what will exposure to the wind/sun cause?

Back 13

this will cause excess moisture loss, trees may die

Front 14

what will leaving the trees too long between lofting and planting cause?

Back 14

excess moisture loss, trees may die

Front 15

benefits of machine cultivation.

Back 15

-improves soil drainage
-improves aeration
-improves tree growth
-increases tree survival
-allows for a more productive planting
-improves stability
-reduces effects of frost
-access to planting site is improved

Front 16

what will poor ventilation and insulation cause?

Back 16

this will cause exces moisture loss from tree. trees will die

Front 17

what will careless handling of boxes cause?

Back 17

thiswill damage the stems, needles and roots which will slow growth

Front 18

what will exposure to the wind/sun cause?

Back 18

this will cause excess moisture loss, trees may die

Front 19

what will leaving the trees too long between lofting and planting cause?

Back 19

excess moisture loss, trees may die

Front 20

benefits of machine cultivation.

Back 20

-improves soil drainage
-improves aeration
-improves tree growth
-increases tree survival
-allows for a more productive planting
-improves stability
-reduces effects of frost
-access to planting site is improved

Front 21

describe 2 suitable methods for storage of seedlings.

Back 21

-protect from sun/wind
-not to far from planting site
-keep in pods
-keep on flat ground

Front 22

describe 2 suitable methods of transport of seedlings

Back 22

-trees must be covered to protect from sun/wind
-trees packed in pods

Front 23

describe 2 unsuitable methods of storage of seedlings

Back 23

-warm and moist conditions
-uneven ground

Front 24

describe 2 unsuitable methods of transport of seedlings

Back 24

-no ventilation
-unsheltered

Front 25

what are some examples of tree stock that would not make the grade?

Back 25

-bent or hockey stick stem/roots
-dry roots , yellow or brown needles
-any signs of tree disease
-double leader/multible stem
-damage or broken trees

Front 26

whats a air pocket?

Back 26

the pocket of air surrounding the root, air spaces around roots after planting.

Front 27

whats the meaning of a bare root?

Back 27

when the tree seedling has no soil around its roots

Front 28

whats the meaning of a malformation?

Back 28

defects in the seedling, such as a double leader, diseased trees or broken seedlings

Front 29

whats a nursery collar?

Back 29

the swelling at the base of the tree that protects it from toppling over in the wind

Front 30

what the mortality rate mean?

Back 30

how many trees die per hectre

Front 31

whats a postive pull-up?

Back 31

when you pull the tree up so the roots are in the right direction

Front 32

whats screefing mean?

Back 32

removing long grass or slash to gain better access to soil for planting

Front 33

whats a hardened stock ?

Back 33

the trees have been undercut at the nursery.

Front 34

whats stocking mean?

Back 34

number of trees per hecter

Front 35

what does toppling mean ?

Back 35

the tree falling over if positive pull-up is not preformed/ not planted correctly usually happens in windy conditions

Front 36

whats a tap root?

Back 36

main center root of plant

Front 37

list 7 methods of land prep.

Back 37

-burning
-ripping and mounding
-spot spraying
-tractor crushing
-chemical preparation
-restary crushing
-spot mounding

Front 38

list 6 factors of good quality seedlings

Back 38

-stem undamaged
-good tree form
-fresh green needles
-stem has a minimum length of 20cm
-roots are damp and have good length
-free of insect damage
-mycorrhizas are on the roots

Front 39

list personal equipment and tools required

Back 39

-safety boots(compulsary)
-hi vi shirt (in some forests)
-sun protection
-wet weather gear
-warm clothing