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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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gram +, regular non-sporulating rods, cat -, oxi - gel -, temp. range 30 - 40 C, pH 5.5 - 6.2, homo/heterofermenters, facultative anaerobes
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Genus Lactobacillus
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Homofermenters:
Gwoth at 45 C, not at 15 C Vary growth at 45, and at 15 |
L. Delbrueckii, bulgaricus, and acidophilus
L. casei |
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Heterofermenters
G at 45, no 15 Vary G at 45 and 15, no 48 G at 15, no at 45 |
L. fermentum
L. cellobiosus L. brevis |
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How much of the fermentation end product is ______
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50%
lactate |
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T or F casein is digested by lactobacillu
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F
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Heterofermenterous lactobacilli ferment _____ to yield CO2 and NH3
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Arginine
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What is MRS medium?
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LActobacillus medium
proteose peptones, beef/yeast extract, dextrose, NH4 citrate, NaAcetate |
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T or F
LActobacilli produce bacteriocins |
T
L. sake - sakacin A kills other lactobacilli and enterococcus L. acidophilus - Lactacin B/F |
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T or F
L. bulgaricus is used to make acid in yogurt |
False
L. bulgaricus is used to flavor yogurt |
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T or F
Streptococcus thermophilus is used as a starter culture in yogurt |
True
S. thermophilus is used to make acid in yogurt |
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_____ _____ is a traditional starter for swiss cheese
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Lactobacillus helveticus
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_____ ____ and ____ ____ are used in caucasian sour millk fermentation
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L. bulgaricus and L. kefir
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____ _____ inhabits the pig gut and inhibits _____ _____ activity
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L. reuterii
ribonucleotide reductase |
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_____ _____ is used to ferment pickles, sauerkraut, and olives
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L. plantarum
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T or F
Lactobacillus have a key role in the vagina of preventing Candida vaginitis |
True
H2O2 production kills the yeast flora |
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Gram +, short rods, no spores, no capsules,motile @ 20 - 25 C, end over tumbling, non motile @ 37 C, cat +, oxi +, MR +, VP +, caseine -, CAMP +, beta galactosidase +
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Genus Listeria
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_____ _____ has an oxygen labile hemolysin that functions by lysing epithelial cells, monocytes, and macrophages
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Listeria monocytogenes
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Fever, Muscle aches, nausea, convulsions, confusions, diarrhea
Pregnant Woman miscarriage, stillborn, premature birth, infection of newborn |
Human Listeriosis
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Virulence factors of L. monocytogenes posses a surface protein ______, interacts with cell-receptor _____ on ______.
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Internalin
E-cadherin Phagocytes |
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Once ingested by phagocytes Listeria produces _______ which is a pore forming ______
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listeriolysin O
hemolysin |
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Exogenous Transmission of Listeria
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infant infected in utero or via birth canal
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Endogenous Transmission of Listeria
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Infection is activated in the GI Tract, Throat, or female genital tract of a carrier
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Pathogenesis of Listeria
_____ _____ pathogen, lives in the monocyte-macrophage sytem and induce _____ formation |
Facultative intracellular
granuloma |
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Early Treatment for Listeria
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Ampicillin, Erthromycin
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Diseases associated with Listeria and Listeriosis
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Flu-like, sepsis, gastroenteritis, meningitis
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Identification methods of Listeria
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Gram stain
Culture on Modified McBride Agar - small grey colonies - narrow zone of beta hemolysis Growth on Blood agar in 3 - 5 % O2 @ 37 C |
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Gram + rods, cat -, no spores, non motile, anaerobic, temp 24 - 45 C, pH 5 - 8, GI tract
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Bifidobacterium
infants B. bifidus adults B. longum |
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Metabolism of Bifdobacterium:
Produces _____ acid and _____ acid, ______ is not produced. Fermentation of hexoses is via the _____ ______. The Key enzyme is _______ _ ______ _______. |
lactic/acetic
CO2 bifid shunt Fructose 6 phosphate phosphoketolase |
