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17 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The measure of a test’s ability to exclude individuals who have disease or a particular condition is:
1. sensitivity
2. reliability
3. specificity page 1 , paragraph 2
4. proficiency
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3. specificity |
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Elevations of both gamma glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT) and alkaline phosphatase (AP) are associated with: 1. pancreatitis 2. osteomyelitis 3. biliary obstruction 4. osteoporosis
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3. biliary obstruction |
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A positive urine cotinine test result on an insurance exam can be caused by which of the following? A. nicotine gum B. cigar use C. second hand smoke D. Herbal teas
1. A, B and D only are correct. 2. A and C only are correct. 3. A and D only are correct. 4. A, B and C are correct.
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1. A, B and D only are correct. |
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Discuss the differences between acute and chronic hepatitis, including causes, typical findings and possible outcomes.
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Acute hepatitis can be caused by an infection with one of the hepatitis viruses (hepatitis A, B, C, D, or E)
A marker of acute hepatitis is liver enzymes elevated from three to ten times the upper limit of normal.
With acute hepatitis, liver enzyme elevations will return to normal in less than six months.
Chronic
Chronic hepatitis is defined as liver enzyme elevations lasting longer than six months
Typically enzyme levels are normal to three times the upper limit of normal.
Hepatitis is normally detected by an increase in liver enzyme levels, but advanced fibrosis/cirrhosis can lead to low enzyme levels because few functioning liver cells remain
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The presence of red blood cells in the urine is:
A. hematuria
B. glycosuria
C. proteinuria
D. albuminuria
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hematuria |
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Name the four serum enzymes that are used as indirect measures of liver pathology and what diseases are associated with elevated test findings |
ALT(SGPT) Hepatic Disease, Fatty Liver, and Steatohepatitis
AST (SGOT) Hepatic Disease, Fatty Liver, and Steatohepatitis
GGT Biliary Obstruction with AP, or stand-alone Alcohol
AP Biliary Obstruction, or stand- alone bone disease
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Name four tests that can be performed on a urine sample and the value of each. |
Creatinine less than 11 mg/dL in males or 9 mg/dL in females
Total Protein greater than 150mg/day in urine
Glucose positive
Urine Leukocyte Esterase and Hemoglobin –positive
Cotinine positive
Cocaine positive
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Identify two tumor marker tests that can be performed as part of an insurance exam and identify what disease implications might be suggested by each. |
PSA – Screening for Prostate Cancer Risk
CEA – Screenings for solid tumors in the colon, lung, and breast
BRCA1 and BRAC2 – Screening for breast and ovarian cancer
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The best measure of renal function is:
1. glomerular filtration rate (GFR) 2. proteinuria 3. blood urea nitrogen (BUN) 4. specific gravity |
glomerular filtration rate (GFR) |
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The laboratory tests used to diagnose diabetes include which of the following?
A. oral glucose tolerance test
B. fasting serum creatinine
C. fasting blood glucose test
Answer Options:
1. A only is correct.
2. C only is correct.
3. A and C only are correct.
4. A, B, and C are correct.
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3. A and C only are correct.
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Which of the following statements regarding dried blood spot (DBS) testing is/are correct?
A. It is a preferred testing method for samples collected internationally.
B. It may be collected by insurance sales agents.
C. It may be used to test hemoglobin A1c levels.
Answer Options:
1. B only is correct.
2. C only is correct.
3. A and C only are correct.
4. A, B, and C are correct.
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3. A and C only are correct.
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Which test is the gold standard for evaluation of diabetic risk?
1. Fructosamine
2. Insulin levels
3. Hemoglobin A1c (Hb A1c)
4. Fasting Blood Sugar
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3. Hemoglobin A1c (Hb A1c)
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The common causes for chronic Hepatitis include
A. Non-alcoholic fatty liver
B. Hepatitis A, B and C
C. Over the counter inflammatory drugs such as acetaminophen (Tylenol)
D. Alcohol
1. All of the above
2. C and D are correct
3. A, C. and D, are correct
4. A, B and D are correct
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3. A, C. and D, are correct |
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What lab level is a by-product from the breakdown of protein?
1. BUN
2. Cystatin C
3. Albumin
4. Creatinine
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1. BUN |
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Which of these is not true re: Uric Acid levels:
A. The independent predictive value of uric acid for mortality is controversial
B. Females have higher values than males C. High values are associated with renal disease, hypertension, and gout. |
B. Females have higher values than males |
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Cholesterol is present in blood in a number of physiologically different lipid particles.
Which of these is not a lipid particle:
A. HDL
B. ADL
C. LDL
D. VLDL
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B. ADL
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Which of these are typically true: A. With Chronic hepatitis, liver enzyme elevations will return to normal in less than six months. B. HCV is the leading cause of liver failure and transplantation C. If Hepatitis C RNA is present, the person is infected. D. You're most likely to contract Hepatitis A from contaminated food or water |
B. HCV is the leading cause of liver failure and transplantation
C. If Hepatitis C RNA is present, the person is infected. D. You're most likely to contract Hepatitis A from contaminated food or water |
