Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
46 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
What are the 4 important "p"s in labor and delivery?
|
Passenger, the baby
Pathway, the birth canal Powers, cntraction and pushing Psyche, pain and mental attitude |
|
|
The fetal skull is made up of how many unfused bones that allow for molding during the birthing process?
|
6
1 frontal,1 occipital 2 temporal 2 parietal |
|
|
The joint between the skull bones are called what...
and where are they located. |
SUTURES
The CORONAL seperates the frontal and parietal LAMBDOIDAL seperates the occipital and parietal SAGITTAL seperates the parietal bones |
|
|
The fontanel located between the frontal and the 2 parietal bones is the......
|
Anterior fontanel and is shaped like a diamond
|
|
|
The fontanel located between the 2 parietal and occipital bones is the posterior fontanel, when you feel it during a vaginal exam what shape should it be?
|
A triangle, point towards face
|
|
|
What is the largest TRANSVERSE diameter of the fetal head
|
BIPARIETAL
|
|
|
The flexed chin to chest posture that the fetus often assumes at delivery allows the pelvis to have to accomadate the smallest diameter known as______
|
SUBOCCIPITOBREGMATIC diameter
|
|
|
The relationship of fetal body parts to fetal body parts is known as the _____?
|
fetal ATTITUDE
|
|
|
The term GENERAL FLEXION as fetal attitude describes what?
|
back rounded
chin flexed to chest arms crossed over thorax legs flexed at knees cord between body and arms |
|
|
When the nurse says the baby is engaged, what does she mean? And what station does it correspond to?
|
That the largest transvers diameter of the presenting part(usually the biparietal) has passed through the pelvic brim.
0 station |
|
|
the pelvis appears to be one big bone but it is really how many bones fused?
|
5
|
|
|
the joint at the anterior of the pelvis is called_____
|
the SYMPHYSIS PUBIS
|
|
|
The brim of the true pelvis is also known as________
|
the LINEA TERMINALIS
|
|
|
The true pelvis(below the linea terminalis)planes can be "measured". What is the term used to identify them and what do they measure?
|
TRUE CONJUGATE_from upper pubis to sacrum promitory
DIAGONAL CONJUGATE_upper posterior margin of pubis to sacrum promitory MIDPELVIS_transverse between ischial spines OUTLET_distance between ischial tuberosities(8cm/>90degrees pubic arch) |
|
|
Pelvis' can be classified according to their shape?
list the classes and tell which one is optimal for ease in childbearing |
GYNECOID_most favorable
ANADROID(heart/male) ANTHROPOID(oval) PLATYPLOID(flat) |
|
|
The POWERS of labor can be subdivided. Differentiate these parts.
|
PRIMARY_ the contractions of the uterus
SECONDARY_ the pushing efforts of the mother GRAVITY PARTS OF THE CONTRACTION_duration,frequency,intensity,resting tone |
|
|
There are receptors in the pelvic floor that stimulate what response when the pressure of the head distends them?
|
FERGUSON REFLEX
|
|
|
The Ferguson Reflex causes what to happen?
|
tells mom GOTTA PUSH! by inc. pituitary oxytocin release, inc. contraction intensity
|
|
|
The NESTING phenomenon when recognized usually occurs how long before the onset of labor?
|
24-48 hours
|
|
|
The latent phase of second stage is often seen as___?
|
A "lull" in the labor pattern
little to no spontaneous bearing down efforts |
|
|
The descent phase of second stage is the pushing moving baby down part. When mom experiences the "ring of fire" what is this phase called?
|
TRANSITION PHASE and it is usually short lived
|
|
|
The placenta decreses its production of what hormone at the end of pregnancy that some theorize may play a part in starting labor?
|
PROGESTERONE
|
|
|
The cardinal moves of the fetus can be memorized by the mnemonic EVERY DARN FOOL IN EGYPT EATS RAW EGGS...what does that mean?
|
E-engagement of fetus in true pelvis
D-descent of fetus through true pelvis F_flexion of chin to chest I_ internal rotation to make the turn E_extension of head back to mcomplete the turn R_realignment(restitution) E_expulsion |
|
|
During labor the fetus experiences changes in blood gases. What are these changes and what is their significance to the newborn?
|
Fetal O2 levels drop while CO2 rise, which cause arterial blood pH to fall, which aid in initiating respiratory efforts out of utero.
|
|
|
What are the parameters used to describe a prolonged labor;both first and second stages?
|
more than 20 hours for first and more than 2 for second
|
|
|
List several ND that could be pertinent in the laboring mom
|
1. Risk for infection
2. fluid volume deficit 3.urinary retention, altered pattern 4.altered tissue perfusion 5.acute pain 6.anxiety 7.altered family process 8.ineffective coping |
|
|
what is the NUMBER ONE priority in nursing care of a laboring couplet?
|
fetal response to labor
|
|
|
Name the 3 most commonly used systemic analgesics in L&D? And what classification of drugs are these?
|
STADOL
NUBAIN DEMEROL narcotics |
|
|
Epidurals usually consist of a 2 types of medication. What are they and give an example of each.
|
A narcotic and a local anesthetic
ex. fentanyl and bupivicaine |
|
|
Fetal tachycardia can be a reaction to maternal fever. TRUE OR FALSE
|
TRUE
|
|
|
how often should mom's temperature be monitored if she has ROM?
|
q2h
|
|
|
describe how you will figure out the dose of PITOCIN to be administered
|
1mL PIT=10 units
1 unit=1000 milliunits 1ml =10000 milliunits 10000 milliunits/1000mls (in bag) = docs orders of milliunits per minute/unknown gives how many mL's per min, multiply by 60 to get per hour |
|
|
When using PIT, if uterus becomes hyperstimulsted or signs of fetal distress are noted what should you do?
|
d/c PIT
turn mother to side preferrable left admin O2 via mask 7 L/min call doc |
|
|
What is a normal value for the diagonal conjugate measurement?
|
11.5 cm
|
|
|
What is a normal value for a midpelvis measurement?
|
9 cm
|
|
|
What is considered a normal fetal heart rate?
Tachycardia? Bradycardia |
120-160
above 160 below 100 |
|
|
The objective signs of second stage of labor are______ and ____?
|
full dilation and 100% effacement
|
|
|
When is the uterus considered hyperstimulated?
|
when contractions are longer than 90 seconds less than or equal to 2 minutes apart
|
|
|
Early fetal heart tone deccelerations are in response to what?
|
head compressions
|
|
|
Late decelerations of fetal heart tones are associated with what?
|
insufficient placental perfusion
|
|
|
what are variable decelerations with the fetal heart rate associated with?
|
cord compression
|
|
|
What causes the pain during the first stage of labor
|
dilatation of the cervix, effacement and uterine ischemia
|
|
|
What causes the pain in second stage of labor?
|
expulsion of the baby, perineal and somatic pain
|
|
|
What are the 3 methods of prepared childbirth we discussed and how are they supposed to help in pain control.
|
DICK-READ_ replace unknown with knowledge reduces fear. Prior to labor work to be able to consciously relax and thus minimize pain.
LAMAZE_uncondition the conditioned response of pain BRADLEY_coached childbirth, involved support person |
|
|
The anacronym OCOIL associated with late decelerations in the fetal heart rate means what?
|
O-Oxytocin STOP
C-change position O-oxygen I-IV fluids L-lower head |
|
|
Accelerations in response to fetal movement indicate a healthy what in the fetus?
|
CNS
|
