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98 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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NAME 5 TERMS USED WHEN REFERRING TO THE "CLIMAX" OF PREGNANCY.
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LABOR & DELIVERY; INTRAPARTEM; ACCOUCHMENT; PARTUITION; CONFINEMENT
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CONFINEMENT
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WOMEN USED TO BE CONFINED TO BED DURING L&D.
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WHY DID CONFINEMENT OF WOMEN DURING L&D CHANGE?
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RISK FOR BLOOD CLOTS
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WHAT DOES EDC STAND FOR?
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ESTIMATED DATE OF CONFINEMENT
EXPECTED DELIVERY DATE |
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DOULA DEFINITION
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SUPPORTIVE COMPANION, LABOR COACH, ADVOCATE FOR PT. DURING LABOR.
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LABOR DEFINITION
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RHYTHMIC UTERINE MUSCLE CONTRACTIONS THAT LEAD TO:
PROGRESSIVE EFFACEMENT (THINNING) AND DILITATION OF THE CERVIX; THE DECENT OF THE PRESENTING BABY PART; EVENTUAL EXPULSION OF THE BABY AND OTHER PRODUCTS OF CONCEPTION. |
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DELIVERY DEFINITION
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OCCURS DURING THE 2ND STAGE OF LABOR AND IS THE ACTUAL BIRTH OF THE BABY.
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HOW MANY STAGES OF LABOR ARE THERE?
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4
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WHAT IS STAGE 1? HOW MANY PHASES ARE THERE?
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DILATATION PHASE; THERE ARE 3 PHASES
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WHAT IS THE 1ST PHASE OF STAGE 1?
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PHASE I: CERVIX 0-4 CM; SOMETIMES CALLED EARLY PHASE, LATENT PHASE; EFFACEMENT PHASE.
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WHAT IS THE 2ND PHASE OF STAGE 1?
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PHASE II: CERVIX 4-8 CM; ACTIVE PHASE OR DILATATION PHASE.
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WHAT IS THE 3RD PHASE OF STAGE 1?
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PHASE 3: CERVIX 8-10 SM. TRANSITION PHASE OR ACTIVE DECELERATION.
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WHICH PHASE OF STAGE 1 OF L&D IS THE LONGEST?
WHICH HAS THE STRONGEST CONTRACTIONS LASTING THE LONGEST AND IS THE MOST EFFECTIVE PHASE? |
LONGEST - PHASE 1
STRONGEST - PHASE 3 |
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WHAT IS STAGE II OF L&D?
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EXPULSION STAGE: STAGE OF DELIVERY OF BABY. BEGINS WHEN CERVIX IS 10 CM AND ENDS WITH BIRTH OF BABY.
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WHAT IS STAGE III OF L&D?
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PLACENTAL STAGE; FROM BIRTH OF BABY THROUGH DELIVERY OF PLACENTA. BEGINS AFTER BIRTH OF BABY AND ENDS WITH DELIVERY OF PLACENTA
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WHAT IS STAGE IV OF L&D?
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RECOVERY STAGE: IST HOUR AFTER DELIVERY OF PLACENTA OR UNTIL MOTHER IS PHYSIOLOGICALLY SAFE; ENDS WHEN SHE IS STABLE.
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WHAT IS A PRIMIP (PRIMIPARA)AND WHAT IS THE AVERAGE TIME LENGTH OF L&D?
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1ST BABY
13-14 HOURS |
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SECUNDA?
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A WOMAN HAVING HER 2ND BABY.
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MULTIP?(MULTIPARA)
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A WOMAN HAVING HER 3RD OR GREATER BABY.
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ELDERLY GRAVIDA
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OVER AGE 35; MORE CAREFUL, EXTRA TESTS
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AT TERM
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GESTATIONAL AGE FROM 37-42 WEEKS
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PREMATURE
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FROM THE PERIOD OF VIABILITY TO 37 WEEKS.
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ABORTION
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REFERRING TO SPONTANEOUS MISCARRIAGE. BEFORE 20 WEEKS GESTATION. AFTER 20 WEEEKS - STILLBORN, PREEMIE
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POSTMATURE
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42 WEEKS AND GREATER.
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AGA
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AVERAGE FOR GESTATIONAL AGE OF THAT BABY, NOT NECESSARILY FULL TERM
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SGA
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SMALL FOR GESTATIONAL AGE OF THAT BABY. POSSIBLE CAUSES: MOM SMOKED, SMALL PARENTS, POOR NUTRITION.
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LGA
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LARGE FOR GESTATIONAL AGE OF THAT BABY. POSSIBLE CAUSES: DIABETES, LARGE PARENTS.
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ATTITUDE
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THE RELATIONSHIP OF FETAL PARTS TO FETAL PARTS. FLEXION AND EXTENSION IS HOW YOU ACCOMPLISH ATTITUDE.
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LIE
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THE RELATIONSHIP OF THE LONG AXIS (SPINE) OF THE FETUS TO THE LONG AXIS OF MOTHER.
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LONGITUDINAL LIE
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CONSIDERED NORMAL- 99% LONG AXIS OF FETUS SAME DIRECTION AS MOTHER'S.
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TRANSVERSE LIE
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CONSIDERED ABNORMAL - BABY WILL NOT DELIVER AS IS. MOTHER IS PERPENDICULAR TO BABY (BABY SIDEWAYS)
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PRESENTATION
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THE PART OF THE FETUS WHICH IS LOWERMOST, WHICH CAN BE FELT BY VAGINAL EXAM.
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WHAT ARE THE 3 PRESENTATIONS?
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CEPHALIC: HEAD IS LOWERMOST - NORMAL, 95%.
BREECH: BUTTOCKS ARE LOWERMOST - 3-4% SHOULDER: PRESENTS WITH TRANSVERSE LIE - 1% |
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WHAT DETERMINES THE CEPHALIC ATTITUDES?
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THE DEGREE OF FLEXION OR EXTENSION OF THE HEAD
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WHAT ARE THE CEPHALIC ATTITUDES?
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VERTEX - 95%
FACE - 5% BROW - WILL NOT DELIVER AS IS |
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BREECH ATTITUDES
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3.5%
FULL OR COMPLETE BREECH: HIPS AND KNEES FLEXED LIKE AN INDIAN. INCOMPLETE OR FOOTING: ONE OR BOTH (FOOT AND LEG) DROPS DOWN. SINGLE OR DOUBLE FOOTING. FRANK BREECH: HIPS FLEXED AND LEGS EXTENDED TO SHOULDERS. |
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POINT OF REFERENCE:
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AN ARBITRARY PLACE ON THE PRESENTING PART USED TO DETERMINE POSITION. EACH ATTITUDE HAS A POR.
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CEPHALIC PRESENTATION
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VERTEX - WITH POINT OF REFERENCE - OCCIPUT:BABY'S HEAD FLEXED TO CHEST
FACE - WITH POINT OF REFERENCE - MENTUM: HYPEREXTENSION, WOULD FEEL FACE. BROW - NO FLEXION OR EXTENSION. WILL NOT DELIVER VAGINALLY UNLESS PUSHED FACE OR VERTEX |
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WHAT ARE THE POSSIBLE ATTITUDES AND POINT OF REFERENCES WITH A BREECH PRESENTATION
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COMPLETE - FULL
INCOMPLETE FRANK POINT OF REFERENCE FOR ALL 3 IS SACRUM |
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wHAT IS THE ATTITUDE AND POINT OF REFERENCE FOR A SHOULDER PRESENTATION?
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SCAPULA - Sc - OLD METHOD
ACROMION PROCESS - A - NEW METHOD |
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WHAT ARE THE 3 PRESENTATION POSSIBILITIES?
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CEPHALIC
BREECH SHOULDER |
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WHAT ARE THE POSSIBLE ATTITUDES?
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VERTEX, BROW, FACE, COMPLETE, INCOMPLETE, FRANK
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WHAT ARE THE POINT OF REFERENCE POSSIBILITIES?
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OCCIPUT, MENTUM, SACRUM, SCAPULA, ACROMION PROCESS
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WHICH ATTITUDE WILL NOT DELIVER VAGINALLY?
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BROW
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WHICH BREECH PRESENTATION IS THE SAFEST TO DELIVER? LEAST SAFE?
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SAFEST - FRANK
LEAST SAFE - INCOMPLETE - 1 LEG UP ONE LEG DOWN. |
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POSITION
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THE RELATIONSHIP OF THE POINT OF REFERENCE OF THE PRESENTING PART TO THE FOUR QUADRANTS OF THE MATERNAL PELVIS.
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LIGHTENING
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THE DESCENT DOWNWARD AND FORWARD OF THE UTERUS. - "THE BABT HAS DROPPED?
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ENGAGEMENT
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WHEN THE LARGEST TRANSVERSE DIAMETER OF THE FETAL HEAD (BIPARIETAL DIAMETER) HAS DESCENDED INTO THE TRUE PELVIS OR IS AT THE LEVEL OF LINEA TERMINALUS
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WHEN DOES ENGAGEMENT USUALLY OCCUR IN THE PRIMIPARA? MULTIPARA?
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PRIMIPARA - OFTEN 2 WEEKS BEFORE LABOR
MULTIPARA - COMMON DURING LABOR |
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STATION
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A MEASURE OF DESCENT OF THE LOWERMOST PART OF THE FETUS IN RELATION TO THE ISCHIAL SPINES - ALSO AN ESTIMATE OF ENGAGEMENT
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ZERO STATION
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AT THE LEVEL OF THE ISCHIAL SPINES
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MINUS STATIONS
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ABOVE THE SPINES
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PLUS STATIONS
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BELOW THE SPINES
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STATIONS ARE MEASURED IN
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CENTIMETERS
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-1 STATION
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PRESENTING PART IS MOVEABLE
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-2 STATION
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BOBBING OR DIPPING
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-3 STATION
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FLOATING
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0 STATION
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AT THE LEVEL OF SPINES
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+4 STATION
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ON THE PERINEUM - ON THE PELVIC FLOOR, BUT CAN'T SEE FROM OUTSIDE WHEN NOT PUSHING
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+5 STATION
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CROWNING - YOU CAN SEE IT BETWEEN CONTRACTIONS
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EFFACEMENT
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PROCESS IN WHICH THE CERVICAL CANAL IS PROGRESSIVELY SHORTENED AND THINNED UNTIL IT BECOMES A PART OF LOWER UTERINE SEGMENT.
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WHEN DOES EFFACEMENT OCCUR IN THE PRIMIP? MULTIP?
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PRIMIP - EFFACEMENT PRECEDES DILATATION
MULTIPS - EFFACE AND DILATE AT SAME TIME. |
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STATIONS ARE MEASURED IN
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CENTIMETERS
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-1 STATION
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PRESENTING PART IS MOVEABLE
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-2 STATION
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BOBBING OR DIPPING
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-3 STATION
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FLOATING
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0 STATION
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AT THE LEVEL OF SPINES
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+4 STATION
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ON THE PERINEUM - ON THE PELVIC FLOOR, BUT CAN'T SEE FROM OUTSIDE WHEN NOT PUSHING
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+5 STATION
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CROWNING - YOU CAN SEE IT BETWEEN CONTRACTIONS
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EFFACEMENT
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PROCESS IN WHICH THE CERVICAL CANAL IS PROGRESSIVELY SHORTENED AND THINNED UNTIL IT BECOMES A PART OF LOWER UTERINE SEGMENT.
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WHEN DOES EFFACEMENT OCCUR IN THE PRIMIP? MULTIP?
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PRIMIP - EFFACEMENT PRECEDES DILATATION
MULTIPS - EFFACE AND DILATE AT SAME TIME. |
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DILATATION
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PROCESS BY WHICH THE EXTERNAL OS OF CERVIX ENLARGES FROM APPROX 0-10CM (COMPLETE DILATATION)
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WHAT FACTORS AFFECT THE RATE OF DILATATION
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UTERINE CONTRACTIONS, PRESENTING PARTS (AREA OF HEAD-VERTEX IS BEST FORCE), AMNIOTIC FLUID-FOREWATER - HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE WITH INTACT MEMBRANES ACTING AS DILATOR.
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AMNIOTOMY
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ARTIFICIAL RUPTURE OF MEMBRABANES
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WHAT ARE NURSES RESPONSIBILITY REGARDING AMNIOTOMY?
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RECORD FHR BEFORE & AFTER PROCEDURE; RECORD AMT AND COLOR OF FLUID; RECORD PROCEDURE TIME;ASSESS FOR PROLAPSED CORD; ASSESS FOR PROGRESS OF LABOR.
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WHAT ARE SOME POSSIBLE COLORS OF THE AMNIOTIC FLUID AND THE CAUSES?
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SLIGHTLY YELLOW-MECONIUM: HYPOXIA CAUSES ANAL SPHINCTER TO RELAX. WINE COLOR-BLOOD;COCA COLA COLOR -FETAL DEMISE. WATCH FOR PROLAPSED CORD. CAN BE OVERT - OUT OF VAGINA OR COMPRESSED WITH CONTRACTIONS
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RIPE CERVIX
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SOFT, SHORT, MOVES TO ANTERIOR POSITION (READY FOR LABOR)
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GREEN CERVIX
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LONG, FIRM AND POSTERIOR
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STRIP THE MEMBRANES
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PULL THE MEMBRANE AWAY FROM CERVIX-CAUSES CHANGE-PERSON WILL GO INTO LABOR WITHIN 48 HOURS.
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BOW
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BAG OF WATER (AMNIOTIC FLUID), MEMBRANES - RUPTURED OR INTACT?
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PROM
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PREMATURE RUPTURE OF MEMBRANES
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PROLONGED RUPTURE OF MEMBRANES LEADS TO WHAT RISK?
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RUPTURED FOR 24 HOURS - INCREASED RISK FOR INFECTION.
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WHAT ARE THE CHARACTERISTICS OF TRUE LABOR?
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-PROGRESSIVE CERVICAL CHANGES
-CONTRACTIONS ARE REGULAR, GRADUALLY GET STRONGER, LAST LONGER, BECOME MORE FREQUENT -DISCOMFORT BEGINS IN BACK AND RADIATES DOWN OVER BODY OF UTERUS -WALKING USUALLY INCREASES FREQ. INTENSITY, AND DURATION |
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WHAT ARE THE CHARACTERISTICS OF FALSE LABOR?
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-NO SIGNIFICANT CERVICAL CHANGES
-MIMIC REGULAR CONTRACTIONS BUT DO NOT GRADUALLY INCR. IN FREQ., INTENSITY, AND DURATION. -DISCOMFORT IS USUALLY FELT IN LOWER ABDOMEN AND GROIN -WALKING HAS NO EFFECT ON. MAY DECREASE CONTRACTIONS |
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CPD - CEPHALOPELVIC DISPROPORTION
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DISPARITY IN SIZE BETWEEN THE BIRTH CANAL AND FETUS
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FUNIS
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UMBILICAL CORD
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SHOW
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BLOOD FROM THE RUPTURE OF TINY CAPILLARIES IN THE CERVIX AS IT DILATES
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PRECIPITOUS - RAPID - DYSFUNCTIONAL
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-LABOR LASTING 3 HOURS OR LESS
- MAY BE REFERRED TO AS PRECIPITOUS WHEN THERE IS NO PHYSICIAN IN ATTENDANCE OR PATIENT "PRECIPITATES" IN BED |
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SPONTANEOUS
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OCCURRING NATURALLY, WITHOUT ASSISTANCE.
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SVD
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SPONTANEOUS VAGINAL DELIVERY WITHOUT FORCEPS.
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SROM
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SPONTANEOUS RUPTURE OF MEMBRANES
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INDUCED
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CAUSING OR INITIATING LABOR
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STIMULATE OR AUGMENT
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TO INCREASE THE RATE OF LABOR
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ELECTED OR ELECTIVE
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PERFORMED BY CHOICE. IS NOT ESSENTIAL -DECISION BETWEEN PT. AND DR.
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DYSTOCIA
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DIFFICULT AND/OR PROLONGED LABOR - 60-90 SECONDS CONTRACTIONS
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TETANIC CONTRACTION
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A CONTRACTION IN WHICH DURATION LASTS TWO MINUTES OR MORE - MORE RISK FOR BABY, MORE TIME WITHOUT O2
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CROWNING
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SIGHT OF THE PRESENTING PART AT THE VAGINAL ORIFICE BETWEEN CONTRACTIONS.
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VBAC
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VAGINAL BIRTH AFTER CESAREAN
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