Lab Procedures Final Exam Review

Front 1

Describe how you would clean a microscope:

Back 1

Use lens paper & lens cleaner; wipe oculars & all lenses before oil immersion to prevent oil getting everywhere

Front 2

Describe how to carry a microscope:

Back 2

One hand holding arm and one hand underneath the base

Front 3

The red lens on a microscope (4 times magnification) is the:

Back 3

Scanning Lens

Front 4

The yellow lens on a microscope (10 times magnification) is the:

Back 4

Low Dry Lens

Front 5

The blue lens on a microscope (40 times magnification is the:

Back 5

High Dry Lens

Front 6

The white lens on a microscope (100 times magnification is the:

Back 6

Oil Immersion lens

Front 7

Determined by multiplying the eyepiece power (usually 10x) by the objective lens in place.

Back 7

Total Magnification

Front 8

Total magnification with the scanning lens:

Back 8

40x

Front 9

Total magnification with the Low Dry lens:

Back 9

100x

Front 10

Total magnification with the High Dry lens:

Back 10

400x

Front 11

Total magnification with the Oil Immersion lens:

Back 11

1000x

Front 12

Describe Centrifuge Operation

Back 12

1. Create Sample

2. Put sample in with counter balance

3. Close and lock lid

4. Choose speed and time by what your sample is (i.e. fecal, urine)

Front 13

Determines the specific gravity of urine or other fluids and the protein concentration of plasma and other fluids.

Used to measure the refractive index of a solution

Back 13

Refractometer

Front 14

Fungal or Bacterial: Culture is kept at room temp for 1-2 weeks.

Back 14

Fungal

Front 15

Fungal or Bacterial: Culture is kept at 98.6*

Back 15

Bacteria

Front 16

Round-shaped bacteria are called:

Back 16

cocci

Front 17

Rod-shaped bacteria are called:

Back 17

Bacilli

Front 18

Spiral-shaped bacteria are called:

Back 18

Spirochette

Front 19

Bacteria that require oxygen for respiration/reproduction are called:

Back 19

Aerobic

Front 20

Bacteria that require a LACK of oxygen for respiration/reproduction are called:

Back 20

Anaerobic

Front 21

Gram Positive or Gram Negative Bacteria: Stain Pink

Back 21

Gram Negative

Front 22

Gram Positive or Gram Negative Bacteria: Stain Purple

Back 22

Gram Positive

Front 23

List 2 tests done for testing the functionality of the Kidney.

Back 23

BUN, Creatinine

Front 24

List 3 tests done for testing the functionality of the Liver.

Back 24

ALT, Total Bilirubin, Alkaline Phosphatase

Front 25

List 3 tests done for testing the functionality of the Pancreas.

Back 25

Amylase, Lipase, Serum Glucose

Front 26

A result on a hematocrit of a LOW RBC count indicates what?

Back 26

Anemia, overhydration

Front 27

A result on a hematocrit of a HIGH RBC count indicates what?

Back 27

Dehydration

Front 28

High levels of WBC's is an indication of what?

Back 28

Infection or unwanted cells in the body.

Front 29

The normal average for Packed Cell Volume in dogs is what?

Back 29

37% - 55%

Front 30

What does a CBC measure?

Back 30

* Red blood cells, which carry oxygen
* White blood cells, which fight infection
* Hemoglobin, the oxygen-carrying protein in red blood cells
* Hematocrit, the proportion of red blood cells to the fluid component, or plasma, in your blood
* Platelets, which help with blood clotting

Front 31

Name four types of endoparasites.

Back 31

Nematode, trematode, cestode, protozoa

Front 32

The common name for Nematode is:

Back 32

Roundworm

Front 33

The common name for Trematode is:

Back 33

Flatworm or fluke

Front 34

The common name for cestode is?

Back 34

Tapeworm

Front 35

Single celled organisms that live in water are called:

Back 35

Protozoa

Front 36

Transmission from animal to human or human to animal is called?

Back 36

Zoonotic Transmission

Front 37

What are the two types of lice?

Back 37

Sucking (Anoplura) and Biting (Mallophaga)

Front 38

Lice that drink the blood of the host to survive are known as?

Back 38

Anoplura lice

Front 39

Lice that bite at the hair and skin and feed on dander of the host to survive are known as?

Back 39

Mallophaga

Front 40

Walking Dandruff. Mite, Treatment is Ivermectin

Back 40

Cheytiella sp.

Front 41

Fungus. Ringworm. Treatment is antifungal cream

Back 41

Microsporum canis

Front 42

Nemotode worms. Zoonotic. Live under tissue. Treatment is Ivermectin. Causes conjunctivitis in humans.

Back 42

Thelazia sp.

Front 43

Protozoa. Zoonotic. Litterbox disease. Mostly in cats. Feces.

Back 43

Toxoplasma gondii

Front 44

PPE

Back 44

Personal Protective equipment; gloves, mask, booties, gown, goggles

Front 45

Gram stain – type of the stain this is?

Back 45

Differential Stain

Front 46

Specific Gravity (USG) – what is it measuring?

Back 46

Concentration of urine, assesses renal function.

Front 47

Rabies transmission – how is it transmitted?

Back 47

Saliva (i.e. bites)

Front 48

Giardia sp. Total magnification and zoonotic transmission

Back 48

400x magnification Transmitted by contaminated water

Front 49

Respiratory virus sample collection

Back 49

Scrape or swab of the nasal passage

Front 50

What does ELISA stand for?

Back 50

Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays

Front 51

Vet assistant goal in lab

Back 51

Clean and maintain all equipment, setting up equipment and supplies

Front 52

Staining for urine sedimentation – why do we do this?

Back 52

To see any abnormalities

Front 53

What supplies are needed for a Fecal float?

Back 53

conical tube, fecal, float solution, cover slip, slide and centrifuge

Front 54

Describe the steps for a fecal float.

Back 54

Mix 1 gram of feces with float solution in tube, fill tube ¾ full with solution, centrifuge at 5 mins at 1500rpm, remove tube carefully, fill alongside of tube to top, put cover slip on and wait 10min.

Front 55

What supplies are needed for a direct smear?

Back 55

slide, cover slip, fecal, cotton swab and saline

Front 56

Describe the steps for preparing a direct smear.

Back 56

Collect swab of fecal and smear on slide, put 2-3 drops of saline then place cover slip on.

Front 57

Tiger Top

Back 57

Serum separator for clotting

Front 58

Red Top

Back 58

Nothing - clotting

Front 59

Purple Top

Back 59

EDTA - nonclotting

Front 60

Blue Top

Back 60

Sodium or Potassium Citrate, non-clotting

Front 61

Green Top

Back 61

Heparin - non-clotting

Front 62

What is a DTM used for and what does it test for?

Back 62

Fungal culture, ringworm

Front 63

Describe how to set up a DTM.

Back 63

Pluck hair from desired site and gently place hair into gel. Let sit for 1 to 2 weeks at room temp.

Front 64

Cause of keratoconjuntivitis?

Pink eye.

Back 64

Inflammation of cornea and conjunctiva

Front 65

A condition marked by a deficiency of red blood cells

Back 65

Anemia

Front 66

Study of cells

Back 66

Cytology

Front 67

Disease in which the bone marrow and other blood-forming organs produce increased numbers of immature or abnormal leukocytes

Back 67

Leukemia

Front 68

Disorder of structure or function in a human or animal, especially one that produces specific signs or symptoms that affect a certain location

Back 68

Disease

Front 69

Localized physical condition in which part of the body becomes reddened, swollen, hot and often painful

Back 69

Inflammation

Front 70

Process of infecting or the state of being infected

Back 70

Infection

Front 71

An invasion or attack in or on something

Back 71

Infestation

Front 72

Puncture, especially when used as a suffix as in paracentesis

Back 72

Centesis

Front 73

Lightly touching fungal growth surface with a sterile lube. Careful to not disturb the spores.

Back 73

"Tease mount"

Front 74

Disease to be considered hazardous to the public

Back 74

Reportable disease

Front 75

A bacterium, virus, or other microorganism that can cause disease.

Back 75

Pathogen

Front 76

An infective agent that can only multiply within the living cells of a host.

Back 76

Virus

Front 77

Having the effect of retarding or inhibiting the coagulation of the blood.

Back 77

Coagulant

Front 78

An amber-colored protein-rich liquid that separates out when blood coagulates.

Back 78

Serum

Front 79

The colorless part of blood, lymph, or milk, in which corpuscles or fat globules are suspended.

Back 79

Plasma

Front 80

Study of Immunity

Back 80

Immunology

Front 81

The ability of an organism to resist a particular infection or toxin by the action of specific antibodies ore sensitized white blood cells.

Back 81

Immunity

Front 82

Modified Live Vaccine

Back 82

Attenuated vaccine

Front 83

Which viral disease is the hardest to eradicate?

Back 83

Canine Parvovirus

Front 84

What goes in a formaline vial?

Back 84

All incisional skin samples from a surgery being sent out for biopsies

Front 85

Total magnification used to view bacteria in a wound is?

Back 85

1000x or oil immersion

Front 86

Total Magnification used to view ear mites is?

Back 86

100x or low dry