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74 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Endogenous substance that makes the heart beat faster and stronger
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Epinephrine
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Substance that makes the heart beat slower and stronger
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Digitalis
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Substance that facilitates the release of Ach from parasympathetic nerve endings
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Pilocarpine
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Substance that mimics the action of epinephrine by inhibiting the action of phosphodiesterase
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Caffeine
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Substance that stimulates the acetylcholine receptors of autonomic ganglia
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Nicotine
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Substance that blocks the acetylcholine receptors
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Atropine
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The drug used in this exercise that helps people with arterial fibrillation
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Digitolis
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The drug used in this exercise that is used to ophthalmologists to dilate pupils
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Atropine
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The term hyperkalemia means
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High blood potassium
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The pacemaker region of the heart is the?
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SA node
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The conducting tissue of the heart located in the Interventricular septum is the
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Bundle of his
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Indicate the electrical events that produce each of these waves
P wave QRS wave T wave |
P waves – arterial depolarization
QRS - ventricle depolarization / contraction T wave is the ventricle relaxation |
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The electrical synapse between adjacent myocardial cells are called
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Gap junction / intercalated disc
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An abnormally fast rate of beat is called _________ an abnormally slow rate is called ____________
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Tachycardia
Bradycardia |
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An Abnormally long P-R interval indicates a condition called _______________
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AV blockage
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Leads I, II, and III are collectively called the ________leads
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Standard lib leads
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Which ECG wave must occur before the ventricles can contract?
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P
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Which ECG wave must occur before the ventricles can relax?
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QRS
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What is the value that helps in the venous system
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Venous valves
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The ECG wave that occurs at the beginning of ventricular systole is the ______ wave
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R
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The ECG wave that occurs at the end of systole and the beginning of diastole is the __________ wave
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T
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The ECG wave completed just before the end of ventricular diastole is the __________ wave
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Q
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The nerve that increases the rate of discharge of the SA node is a _________ nerve
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Sympathetic fibers
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The specific nerve that, when stimulated, causes a decrease in the cardiac rate is the
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Parasympathetic fibers
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The scientific term for insufficient blood flow to the heart muscle is
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Myocardial ischemia
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Depolarization of the atria produces the _________ wave
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P
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The difference in polarity between the Interventricular septum and the lateral walls of the ventricles produces the _________ wave
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R
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The mean electrical axis is determined using two bipolarization to the
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Lead I and lead III
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Hypertophy of the left ventricle would shift the mean axis of depolarization to the
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The hepertrophied ventricale (Left)
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A blockage in conduction in the right branch of the bundle of _________ would cause the mean axis of depolarization to shift to the
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Right
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The scientific term for listening carefully (as with a stethoscope) is
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Acusculatation
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The first heart sound (lub) is caused by
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Closing of the AV vaves ventricles relax
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During which phase of the cardiac cycle (systole or diastole) does the first heart sound occur
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Systole
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The second heart sound is caused by
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Closing of semilunar valves
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The second heart sound occurs at the (beginning or end) of _________ (systole or diastole) _________
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Beginning of diastole
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Abnormal heart sounds are called
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Heart murmur
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The first heart sound (lub) is correlated with which ECG wave
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End of the QRS
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The second heart sound (dub) is correlated with which ECG wave
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End of T
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When blood pressure measurements are taken, the first sound of Korotkoff occurs when the cuff pressure equals the ____________ pressure
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Systolic
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The last korotkoff sound occurs when the cuff pressure equals the _________ pressure
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Diastolic
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The sound of Korotkoff are produced by
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Turbulent flow of blood
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Suppose a person’s blood pressure is 168/112
a) what is the systolic pressure b) what is the diastolic pressure c) what is the pulse pressure what is the mean arterial pressure |
a) 168
b) 112 c) 56 d) 130 |
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What condition does the person described in question 4 have
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Hypertension
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The arterial blood pressure is directly proportional to two factors: the __________ and the __________
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Cardiac output
Peripheral resistance |
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The scientific name of the device used to take device used to take a blood pressure reading is the
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Sphygmomanometer
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As a person gets older, the maximum cardiac rate
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Decreases
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If a person has athlete’s bradycardia , the resting heart rate is _________ than the average
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Lower
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The condition described in question 2 is caused by
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Maximum cardiac rate
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Define the aerobic capacity
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Maximum rate of O2 consumption by body
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Define the lactate threshold
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When the body enters anerobic exercise
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The primary cause of the higher aerobic capacity of endurance trained athletes is
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Higher maximum cardiac output
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Na and K diffusion sequences
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na+ flow in K flows out restablising resting memberane then na flows back in
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SYNAPSE CLEFT
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neurotransmitters,
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EEG
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electroencephalograph - alpha, beta, theta, delta
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Afferent neurons
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sensory nerons CNS - dorsal
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efferent neurons
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out of CNS ventreal
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ventral root of spinal cord
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motor neurons
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dorsal root of spinal cord
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sensory neurons
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cutaneous senstion
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tempauter, touch, and pain
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meissners corpuscle
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texture
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pacinian
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pressure
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ruffini
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sustained pressure
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merkel's disc
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sustained touch
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central sulcus
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front senosry, back is motor
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how to test for noraml vision
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snellen eye chart
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one hemoglobin molecule contains __________ heme groups; each heme group normally combines with one molecule of ___________
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4
central ferrous ion Fe2+ |
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amount of red blood cell production by bone marrow
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erythropoietin
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RBC
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amount of rbc in 1 cubic millimeter of blood
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hemocytometer
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determining RBC ratio of volume of packed red bloold cells to total blood volume
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deoxyhemoglobin
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high O2 content
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carboxyhemoglobin
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hemoglobin combined with carbon monoxide
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methemoglobin
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Fe3 hemogloin in oxideized state
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how does body get ride of red blood cells
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phagocytes, fixed reticuloendothelial system
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bilirubin
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iron from old RBC released in the bile can lead to jaundice
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