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42 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the definition of fecal occult blood?
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The presence of hidden or unseen blood
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What color is the blood from a lower GI tract Bleed?
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Bright red blood
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What color is the blood from an upper GI bleed?
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Dark red or mohagany
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What percent of all GI tract Caners are colorectal Cancer?
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50% but with early detection, the prognosis is good
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How should you educate the pt who has to collect guiac at home?
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Instruct pt to have a meat free diet for 3 days before test and intake should be a high fiber diet for good bowel movement such as corn, lettuce, and bran
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How many days should the guiac be conducted?
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3 separate days
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What method is used to collect stools for guiac testing?
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Use aliquot from the center of the stool sample
apply a thin smear from 2 separate areas of the specimen |
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How many times must the test be repeated to be valid?
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3-6 times
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What drugs can give a false positive results for Guiac?
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Colchicine
Oxidizing Agents Boric acid Bromides Iodine Inorganic iron |
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T or F, the test is a conclusive or diagnostic test. It pinpoints the actual site of bleeding.
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False, not conclusive and doesn't pinpoint site of bleeding
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If there is a positive guiac what should happen next?
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Require further testing such as colonoscopy
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What is the max amount of time a sample can be held without testing?
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6 days at most then discard
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What percent of guiac testing shows a false positive?
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10 %
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What does HCG stand for?
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Human
Chorionic Gonaditropin |
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Where is HCG excreted?
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From the placenta during the earliest stages of pregnancy
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What other conditions will show positive for HCG?
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Hydatidiform (cyst like moles)
Trophoblastic tumors Beginning menopause |
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what other differential studies are HCG levels drawn for?
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Ectopic pregnancies
Threatened, incomplete, and complete abortions |
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What can quantitative HCG's be used to test for?
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Estimate Gestational age
Diagnose very early pregnancy requested in conjuction with Serum progesterone for management of ectopic pregnancy Spontaneous threatened complete and incomplete abortions HCG producing neoplasms |
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Upon interpretation, what condition would indicate lower than normal?
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Ectopic pregnancy
spontaneous abortion |
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Upon interpretation, what condition would indicate rapid decline after peak but cannot determine fetal death?
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Threatened abortion
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Upon interpretation, what condition would Consistantly high resutls?
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Trophoblastic diseases
Hydatidiform mole |
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What is the purpose and significance of RPR?
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RPR is a non-troponemal test for the antibody reagin for infection of syphilis caused by treponema pallidum
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What is a Reagin?
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It is a phospholipid which is produced in pts infected with treponema pallidum.
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What is the causative agent of syphilis?
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Treponema pallidium
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Where would you find the reagin in Pts?
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in the serum or plasma
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What is the vehicle or antigen used to see RPR results macroscopically?
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Carbon Charcoal Particles
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For RPR testing, what supplies are needed for the test?
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RPR card antigen suspension
disposable bottle 20 guage galvanized blunt tip needle Test card pipettes or stirrer RPR test Control Cards |
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What type of water is used for this QC of blunt needle and used to reconstitute dried serum in test card?
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Distilled water
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How long should specimen cards be placed on rotator? How many RPM's?
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8 Minutes at
100 RPM |
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What shows a reactive sample?
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Flocculation ranging from slight but definate
Minimum to moderate Marked and intense |
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Reactive RPR must be confirmed using what method?
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Fluorescent
Treponemal Antibody Absorbtion Test FTA-ABS |
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What shows no Flocculation?
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Non-reactive test
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When should RPR controls be run?
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Always with each test card
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Why do we perform QA?
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to ensure the accuracy and reliability of test results
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QCing the antigen needle, how do you ensure it is calibrated?
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Make sure that 1ml of fluid equals 60 gtts +/- 2
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How do we test for Epstein Bar Virus?
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Monospot for mononucleosis
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Mono is typically seen in which age group?
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Children under 5 years of age
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How will mono present?
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Maliase
lethargy sore throat ENLARGED LYMPH NODES on neck Enlarged spleen |
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What would you see on a blood smear for mono?
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Atypical lymphocytes and monocytes, they occumulate in the lymph nodes causeing the formation of heterophil antibodies
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How long do we have to test the blood for monospot?
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24 hours and stored at 2-8 degrees celcius
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What is a positive monospot
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you will see the presence or absense of agglutination
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How long do you rotate slide for monospot?
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3 minutes between 60 to 100rpms
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