Lab Exam 2

Front 1

Objective lenses

Back 1

Receive the image from the specimen slide and enlarge it. Three or four lenses are usually located on a revolving nosepiece. Longer lenses are higher power and thus enlarge the image more.

Front 2

Ocular lenses

Back 2

Receive the image from the objective lens, enlarge it, and project it to your eyes.

Front 3

Head

Back 3

Top part of the microscope. Contains mirrors which reflect images to the ocular lenses. Can rotate if set-screw is loosened.

Front 4

Arm

Back 4

Vertical piece. Supports the head of the microscope, the stage, the condenser, and the focusing controls.

Front 5

base

Back 5

Horizontal piece. Supports the microscope.

Front 6

stage

Back 6

Platform which supports the slide. Hole in center allows light from condenser to pass through. Supports slide holder.

Front 7

sub stage light source

Back 7

Located above the base. Includes the field diaphragm and adjusting ring used to control the width of the light beam passing through.

Front 8

on/off switch

Back 8

turns the light source on and off

Front 9

intensity control

Back 9

Changes the intensity (brightness) of light from the light source

Front 10

condenser

Back 10

Series of lenses which focus light on the specimen slide. Can be moved up and down by a knob on the side.

Front 11

iris diaphragm

Back 11

Controls width of light beam passing through the condenser to the specimen slide

Front 12

side holder

Back 12

holds specimen slid in position

controls movement of slide

Front 13

knobs for moving slides

Back 13

Control fine movement of the slide holder, front-to-back and side-to-side.

Front 14

Course focus control

Back 14

Moves the stage up and down to bring the image of the specimen into approximate focus.

Front 15

Fine focus control

Back 15

Moves the stage up and down to bring image into final focus.

Front 16

Basic types of Tissues

Back 16

Epithelium

Muscle Tissues

Nervous Tissues

Connective Tissue

Front 17

Epithelium

Back 17

lines the surface of he body, hollow organs, and spaces

forms glands

Front 18

muscle tissue

Back 18

contracts to generate a pulling or squeezing force

Front 19

nervous tissue

Back 19

allows electrical information to be carried from one place to antother

Front 20

Epithelium Function

Back 20

protection, absorption, secretion, and filtration

Front 21

Two ways Epithelial are classified

Back 21

1. How many cell layers form the lining.

one layer - simple epithelium

two or more layers- stratified epithelium.

One layer but looks like many layers- pseudostratified epithelium.

2. The shape of the surface layer of cells.

Flat cells- squamous.

As wide as they are tall- cuboidal

Taller than they are wide - columnar.

Front 22

Epithelial Classifications

Back 22

Front 23

transitional epithelium

Back 23

urinary system are lined internally by an epithelium containing cellswhich go back and forth between being flat and cuboidal

Front 24

three layers of epithelium

Back 24

Epitheliumalways supported by connective tissueandseparated from it by a basement membrane.Depends on connective tissue for vessels,nerves, etc

Front 25

Classification of glands in Epithelium

Back 25

1. Ducts or not?

2. Method of Secretion

Front 26

Ducts for Epithelium?

Back 26

Yes - Exocrine:

duct carries product to surface

No - Endocrine:

product secrered into surronding extracellular matrix, picked up by blood vessels

Front 27

Method of Secretion for Epithelium

Back 27

Merocrine: Product released from undamaged cells

Apocrine: Top part of cell lost during secretionHolocrine: Entire cell lost during secretion

Front 28

Visual Classification of Glands

Back 28

Front 29

Connective Tissues

Back 29

fewer cells and space between them- extracellular matrix

Front 30

extracellular matrix

Back 30

1. ground substance

water and molecules dissolved

2. fibers

Front 31

Fibers- connective

Back 31

a. collagen fibers

b. elastic fibers

c. reticular fibers

Front 32

connective tissue

Ordinary / specialized

Back 32

Ordinary:

loose (areolar), adipose, reticular, elastic, dense (ir)regular

Specialized:

Blood, Bone, Cartilage

Front 33

Back 33

loose / areolar

Front 34

Back 34

adipose

Front 35

Back 35

reticular

Front 36

Back 36

dense regular

Front 37

Back 37

dense irregular

Front 38

Back 38

hyaline

Front 39

Back 39

elastic

Front 40

Back 40

fibrous

Front 41

Back 41

skeletal

Front 42

Back 42

cardiac

Front 43

Back 43

smooth

Front 44

microscope parts

Back 44

Front 45

Integumentary system

Back 45

hair, toenails, fingernails, and glands which produce oil and sweat

protects usfrom physical damage, keeps water and solutes in while keeping debris and damagingsubstances out, helps regulate body temperature, and serves as our interface with the worldaround us.