Lab 2

Front 1

Connective tissue classification

Back 1

Connective, fluid connective and supporting

Front 2

3 types of loose connective tissue proper

Back 2

Areolar, adipose and reticular

Front 3

3 types of dense connective tissue proper

Back 3

Regular, irregular, elastic

Front 4

What makes up the extra cellular matrix

Back 4

Extra cellular fibres, ground substance

Front 5

What makes up the extra cellular matrix

Back 5

Extra cellular fibres, ground substance

Front 6

6 functions of connective tissue

Back 6

Structural framework

Transporting fluids

Protection for delicate organs

Supporting/ surrounding other tissue

Defending the body from micro organisms

Storing energy resources

Front 7

type of tissue?

Back 7

Areolar connective tissue

Front 8

type of tissue

Back 8

adipose connective tissue

Front 9

3 functions of adipose connective tissue

Back 9

provides padding, cushions shock; insulates (reduce heat loss); stores energy

Front 10

3 types of fibres in areolar connective tissue

Back 10

elastic, reticular, collagen

Front 11

function & location of areolar

Back 11

location- deep within dermis, between muscles, epithelial lining of digestive, respiratory, urinary tracts

function- cushions but allows movement, defence against pathogens

Front 12

tissue?

Back 12

reticular connective tissue

Front 13

function and location of reticular tissue

Back 13

function- form stroma of liver, spleen, lymph nodes, and bone marrow; supporting framework

found in those places

Front 14

what and where is dense irregular connective tissue

Back 14

dense irregular connective tissue- interwoven meshwork

found in capsules of organs; nerve muscle sheath

Front 15

what and where

Back 15

dense regular- packed tightly+ aligned parallel

found in: tendons, elastic tissue, ligaments, aponeuroses

Front 16

function of dense regular tissue

Back 16

provides firm attachment; conducts pull of muscles; reduces friction between muscles; stabilizes relative positions of bones

Front 17

function or dense irregular tissue

Back 17

provides strength to resist force applied from many directions; helps prevent expansion of organs like the bladder

Front 18

Think of the wet lab with the pig knee

Back 18

Gross anatomy

Front 19

what and function

Back 19

hyaline cartilage- provides stiff but flexible support and reduces friction between bony surfaces

Front 20

hyaline cartilage is found in...

Back 20

between tips of ribs and bones of sternum;covering bone surfaces at synovial joints; support larynx trachea and bronchi; forming part of nasal septum

Front 21

what? notice how chondrocytes are arranged

Back 21

fibro cartilage

Front 22

what is this and what are special properties?

where

Back 22

elastic cartilage

extremely resilient and flexible

auricle of external ear; epiglottis

Front 23

osteocyte

Back 23

maintain and monitor protein and mineral content of surrounding matrix

Front 24

osteoblast

Back 24

secrete organic components of bone matrix

Front 25

osteoprogenitor

Back 25

divide to produce daughter cells that turn into osteoblasts

Front 26

osteoclasts

Back 26

secrete acids that release amino acids and store calcium and phosphate

Front 27

note you don't need to know growth plate or

Back 27

Front 28

periosteum and endosteum

Back 28

per- dense fibrous tissue

end- osteoprogenitor cells

Front 29

bone function

Back 29

support, storage of minerals, blood cell production, protection, leverage

Front 30

3 layers of skeletal muscle

Back 30

epimysium; perimysium; endomysium

Front 31

5 main functions of skeletal muscle

Back 31

1.produce skeletal movements

2. maintain posture and body position

3. support soft tissue

4. regulate entering and exiting of material

5. maintain body temp

Front 32

what is a tendon composed of?

Back 32

parallel bundles of collagen fibres

Front 33

3 types of parallel muscle and example

Back 33

parallel- bicep

parallel with tendinous band- abs

wrapping muscle- supinator (elbow+ forearm)

Front 34

Back 34

convergent muscle; pectoral muscle

Front 35

what? examples

Back 35

Pennate muscles

unipennate- extensor digitoriam; forearm

bipennate- rector femoris; thigh

multipennate- deltoid; shoulder

Front 36

what? example?

Back 36

circular- obicularis oris muscle- mouth

Front 37

fibrous suture joint found between bones in the skull- edges are interlocked; immoveable joint

Back 37

synarthrotic fibrous suture joint

Front 38

slightly moveable joint; bones are connected with collagen fibre or cartilage

Back 38

amphiarthrotic joint

Front 39

full classification of the middle tibiofibular joint and definition

Back 39

amphiarthrotic fibrous syndemosis joint

bones connected by a ligament

Front 40

sheet of fibres between radius and ulna ante brachial (region)

Back 40

interosseous membrane

Front 41

sheet of fibres between tibia and fibula crural (region)

Back 41

crural interosseous membrane

Front 42

where and what is an amphiarthrotic cartilaginous symphysis joint

Back 42

bones separated between a wedge of cartilage found in pubic symphysis and intervertebral disc

Front 43

what is the joint cavity or synovial cavity filled with

Back 43

synovial fluis

Front 44

what are the two layers in the articular capsule called and made out of and produce

Back 44

outer layer- fibrous capsule made of thick dense regular connective tissue

inner layer- synovial membrane made of areolar tissue

secretes synovial fluid

Front 45

what is articular cartilage composed of

Back 45

hyaline cartilage tissue

Front 46

what are bursae and tendon sheaths and their purpose

Back 46

b-small fluid filled pockets in connective tissue

t.s- tubular bursar that surround tendons where they pass bony surface

reduce friction and absorb shock

Front 47

name a planar/ gliding joint

what type of movement is allowed?

Back 47

diarthrotic synovial multiaxial planar/ gliding joint

Front 48

name a hinge joint

what type of movement is allowed?

Back 48

diarthrotiic synovial monaxial hinge joint

flexion and extension

Front 49

name a condylar joint

what type of movement is allowed?

Back 49

diarthrotic synovial biaxial joint

can't rotate

Front 50

name a saddle joint

what type of movement is allowed?

Back 50

diarthrotic synovial biaxial saddle joint

Front 51

name a ball and socket joint

what type of movement is allowed?

Back 51

diarthrotic synovial triaxial ball and socket joint

left/ right; forward/ back; up/ down

Front 52

Back 52

flexion/ extension sagital plane

Front 53

Back 53

abduction up is away from midline

adduction down is towards midline

frontal plane

Front 54

any move where a a limb is extended beyond normal limits

Back 54

hyper extension

Front 55

Back 55

circumduction

Front 56

specific movement naming

__1__of the___2__ at the___3__

Back 56

1. movement

2. body part

3. joint

Front 57

alternate names

Back 57

internal; external

rotates around its own axis

Front 58

special movements

__1__of the__2__

Back 58

1.movement

2. body part

Front 59

Back 59

left supination- thumb pointed away from body (anatomical position)

right pronation- thumb pointed towards body (palms turned posteriorly from anatomical pos)

Front 60

Back 60

down- plantar flexion- toes point down

up- dorsiflexion- toes point up

Front 61

Back 61

left- inversion soles turn inwards

right- eversion soles turn outwards

Front 62

Back 62

left- elevation move in a superior direction

right- depression move in a inferior direction

Front 63

Back 63

opposition- thumb touches any finger on the same hand

Front 64

Back 64

left- protraction moving anteriorly in horizontal plane

right- retraction moving posteriorly in horizontal plane

Front 65

Back 65

lateral flexion- bending axial skeleton parts like the vertebral column or head to the side... specify left or right