Lab 10 Reproduction And Development

Front 1

What are the five different groups you will examine?

Back 1

arthropods (fruitflies), echinoderms (sea urchin), amphibians (forgs), birds (chicken), and mamals (rat)

Front 2

What are the three fundamental differences in development?

Back 2

cleavage patterns and associated control processes, fate of the blastopore, and coelom formation

Front 3

What is different btwn protostomes and deuterostomes during cleavage?

Back 3

protostomes show a sprial cleavage pattern and deuterostomes show radial cleavage pattern

Front 4

cleavage

Back 4

initial cell divisions of embryo. during cleavage a large cell is cleaved into smaller cells without growth

Front 5

Which of the two protostomes or deuterostomes have determinate type of development?

Back 5

protostomes embryonic cells is determined very early. If damaged early cannot "regulate".

Front 6

In protostomes the blastopore will eventually become what?

Back 6

the mouth

Front 7

In deuterostomes the blastopore will eventually become what?

Back 7

the anus, with the mouth arising secondarily

Front 8

gastrulation

Back 8

cells migrate from the surface inward to form a cavity, the archenteron

Front 9

archenteron

Back 9

an inward cavity

Front 10

How is coelom formed during gastrulation for protostomes?

Back 10

solid masses of mesodermal cells split to form the coeloms

Front 11

How is coelom formed during gastrulation for deuterostomes?

Back 11

formed by the outpocketing of mesodermal cells associated with the archenteron

Front 12

mammals typically have _______ production of gametes.

Back 12

cyclic

Front 13

non-primate undergo ____ cycle

Back 13

estrous cycle

Front 14

Describe the oogenesis in primates

Back 14

After DNA rep but prior to first meiosis there is a primary oocyte. 2N 4C. AFter first meiotic division two daughter cells, secondary oocyte. 1N 2C.

Front 15

seminiferous tubules

Back 15

site of spermatogenic cells

Front 16

spermatozoa

Back 16

fairly mature sperm cells; with tail; found in lumen of semniferous tubule

Front 17

interstitial cells

Back 17

small clumps of cells between the seminiferous tubules that produce testosterone

Front 18

epipdymis

Back 18

coiled tube on the surface of the testis. Maturation of sperm occurs here

Front 19

vas deferens

Back 19

duct that is the distal extension of the epidiymis

Front 20

primary follicle

Back 20

small, single-layered cluster of cells surrounding a developing ovum; as the folice develops it secretes nutrients for the ovum; in additon, the follicular cells secrete estrogen

Front 21

mature follicle

Back 21

very large follicles, bulging from surface of ovary.

Front 22

ovum

Back 22

egg cell

Front 23

corpus luteum

Back 23

large mass of cells formed from the follicle after ovulation; secretes estrogen and progesterone

Front 24

What happens when sperm penetrates the jelly coat and fuses with the cell membrane?

Back 24

1. rapid depolarization from negative to a positive cell membrane potential. (fast block)
2. fusion of cortical vesicles with the egg cell membrane
3. vesicular contents are released
4. increased separation btwn egg cell membrane and vitelline membrane
5. hardening of vitelline membrane (fertilization membrane)

Front 25

metamorphosis

Back 25

from larva into an adult

Front 26

larval stage

Back 26

aquatic

Front 27

embryonic development

Back 27

egg to larva (tadpole)

Front 28

Rana pipiens

Back 28

common grass frog

Front 29

Xenopus laevis

Back 29

three clawed frog

Front 30

which side is lighter in color animal pole or vegetal?

Back 30

vegetal pole (contains most of the yolk and is heavier)

Front 31

holoblastic

Back 31

both cells equal in size

Front 32

meroblastic

Back 32

two cells not equal in size

Front 33

blastocoel

Back 33

fluid-filled cavity

Front 34

list three germ layers

Back 34

endoderm, mesoderm, ectoderm

Front 35

neurulation

Back 35

process by which the nervous system is formed

Front 36

notochord

Back 36

rod-like support characteristic of chordates

Front 37

albumen

Back 37

shell membranes

Front 38

amnion

Back 38

covering the whole body of the embryonic chick

gas exchange

Front 39

otic vesicle

Back 39

small saclike structure alongside the middle of the brain

Front 40

Echinoderms, like vertebrates, are deuterostomes or protostome?

Back 40

deuterostomes