La Surgery Packet 1

Front 1

how does a lame animal move with a bearing leg lameness?

Back 1

amount of P borne by the lame leg is minimised:
- head or croup is lifted when lame limb is advanced

Front 2

which gait is best for lameness evaluation?

Back 2

trot

Front 3

chars palmar digital nerve block

Back 3

- palmar aspect of the pastern just proximal to the collateral cartilages
- palpate neurovascular bundle on light horses
- ~2ml of local anesthetic is injected just axial to the neurovascular bundle
- anesthetised area is palmar 1/3rd or the foot and the sole

Front 4

chars foot block

Back 4

= dorsal branch of the palmar digital nerve
- direct the needle dorsally approximately 1 inch from the palmar digital injection site
- when combined with the PDN block, all structures within the hoof are anesthetised

Front 5

chars abaxial sesamoid block

Back 5

- roll the neurovascular bundle between the finger and the abaxial surface of the sesamoid bone
- inject 2-5ml of local anesthetic immediately caudal to the neurovascular bundle
- anesthetised area is all structures distal to the mid pastern including the pastern joint

Front 6

chars low four point block

Back 6

- injections are made at the level of the distal end of MC or MT II and IV
- palmar nerves are blocked medially and laterally just dorsal to the DDF tendon
- palmar metacarpal nerves are blocked medially and laterally just distal to end of MC II and IV (dorsal to interosseous muscle)
- anesthetised area is all the area distal to the injection sites

Front 7

chars high four point block

Back 7

- injections are made at the level of the most proximal aspect of the metacarpus
- palmar nerves are blocked medially and laterally in the groove between the DDF and suspensory ligament
- palmar metacarpal nerves are blocked medially and laterally by directing the needle anteriorly to the axial surface of MC II and IV
- anesthetised area is all structures distal to the point of injection

Front 8

lateral approaches to distal interphalangeal (coffin) joint

Back 8

dorsal to the collateral ligament:
- horse should be bearing weight on limb
- insert needle at most dorsal extent of the collateral cartilage approximately 1.5 cm proximal to the coronary band

proximal to the collateral cartilage:
- performed with leg up (not weight bearing)
- insert a needle just proximal to the collateral cartilage half way between the dorsal and palmar aspects of the 2nd phalanx