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49 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Present -ar subjunctive
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e
es e emos en |
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Present -er subjunctive
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a
as a amos an |
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Present -ir subjunctive
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a
as a amos an |
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To form the present subjunctive...
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use the "yo" form of of the present indivative, drop the final "o" and add subjunctive endings
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present subjunctive of "hablar"
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hable
hables hable hablemos hablen |
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present subjunctive of "comer"
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coma
comas coma comamos coman |
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present subjunctive of "vivir"
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viva
vivas viva vivamos vivan |
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present subjunctive of irregular verbs
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maintain their irregularity
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present subjunctive of "hay"
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haya
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present subjunctive of "ir"
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vaya
vayas vaya vayamos vayan |
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present subjunctive of "ser"
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sea
seas sea seamos sean |
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present subjunctive of "saber"
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sepa
sepas sepa sepamos sepan |
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present subjunctive of stem changing -ar and -er verbs
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follow the same patterns as the present indicative
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present subjunctive of "pensar"
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piense
pienses piense pensemos piensen |
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present subjunctive of stem-changing -ir verbs
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follow the same patterns as the present indicative but have an additional change in the nosotros (and vosotros) forms:
e --> i o --> u |
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present subjunctive of "dormir"
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duerma
duermas duerma durmamos duerman |
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present subjunctive of verbs with endings of "-car, gar, ger, zar and guir"
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follow same rule as formal commands:
car --> que gar --> gue zar --> ce ger --> ja guir --> ga |
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Uses of the subjunctive
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Will/wish
Emotion Impersonal expressions Requests/recommendations Doubt Ojalá (wish) |
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Requisites of Subjunctive
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1) two subjects or clauses
2) main verb is a WEIRDO verb |
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Yo espero que él termine temprano
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I hope he finishes early (subjunctive)
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El mayor quiere prepararse un sándwich
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the older want wants to make himself a sandwich (indicative)
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Dice que los ninos duermen
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she says that the children are sleeping (indicative)
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Dice que los niños duerman
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she says that the children should sleep (subjunctive)
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desear
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to wish for (Will/wish clause)
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esperar
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to hope for (Will/wish clause)
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necesitar
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to need (Will/wish clause)
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preferir
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to prefer (Will/wish clause)
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querer
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to want (Will/wish clause)
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aconsejar
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to advise (Requests/recommendations)
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pedir
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to seek, ask for (Requests/recommendations)
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permitir
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to allow (Requests/recommendations)
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prohibir
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to prohibit (Requests/recommendations)
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recomendar
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to recommend (Requests/recommendations)
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es necesario
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its necessary to (impersonal expressions)
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es importante
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its important to (impersonal expressions)
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es bueno
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its good to (impersonal expressions)
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es mejor
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its better to (impersonal expressions)
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Dudo que vendan pescado fresco
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I doubt that they sell fresh fish (subjunctive)
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Hace sol; no creo que llueva hoy
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it is sunny out; I do not think it will rain (subjunctive)
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¿Crees que haga frío en La Paz?
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Do you think it will be cold in La Paz? (subjunctive)
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¿Crees que hace frío en La Paz?
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Do you think it is/will be cold in La Paz? (indicative)
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es dudoso que
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its doubtful that (Doubt/denial)
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es difícil que
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its hard to (Doubt/denial)
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es probable que
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its probable that (Doubt/denial)
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es posible que
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its possible that (Doubt/denial)
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es cierto que
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its certain that (indicative)
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es verdad que
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its true that (indicative)
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tal vez
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maybe (Doubt/denial)
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quizá(s)
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maybe (Doubt/denial)
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