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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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masculine gender definite article
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ὁ
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feminine gender definite article
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ἡ
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neuter definite article
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τό
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What letters will be indicated with macrons?
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α, ι, and υ
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True or False: Macrons appear in the ordinary writing of Greek.
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FALSE
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What is the primary function of a noun?
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naming
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What are the three secondary functions of a noun?
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exhibiting its from via case, number and gender
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What does a noun indicate by its case?
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its relation to other elements within the sentence or its grammatical function within the sentence
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What is the difference between Ancient Greek and English syntax?
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Ancient Greek: relies on inflections of words
English: relies on word order and prepositions |
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What are prepositions for?
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indicating relations between the things named by nouns
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Name three prepositions.
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to, of, with
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How are the relations established by prepositions in English established in Ancient Greek?
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inflections of the nouns but these are used to render more specific relations which are primarily indicated through the case-inflections of nouns
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Why is English said to be "analytic"?
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because English depends on most part on word order and separate signs of combination to indicate syntactical relations
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Why is Ancient Greek said to be "synthetic"?
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Ancient Greek obtains the same result through inflections of the words themselves
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How many cases do pronouns admit?
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as many as three (they, their, them)
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In Greek, what will sometimes offer the only clue as to which of several word-groups the given word pertains?
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the positioning of a word
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How many cases does the Greek noun permit? Name them.
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5
1. Nominative 2. Genitive 3. Dative 4. Accusative 5. Vocative |
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Nominative
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the case of the subject of a verb
THE GOD educated the man. or of a predicate nominative Heracles became A GOD. |
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Genitive
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signifies possession
THE MAN'S house. or the origin from which something proceeds The man came out OF THE HOUSE. The house was made OF STONE. and, with the preposition ὑπό, the agent (a special kind of origin) The man was educated BY THE GOD. |
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Dative
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signifies the person or thing TO or FOR which something is done or holds true
The god made the shield FOR THE MAN. or the INSTRUMENT WITH WHICH something is done The god struck the man WITH A STONE or the LOCATION IN or AT something is The man is in his HOUSE. |
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Accusative
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the case of the DIRECT COMPLEMENT of a verb
The god educated THE MAN. |
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Vocative
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the case of DIRECT ADDRESS
Sing, GODDESS, of the wrath... |
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How many genders does the Greek noun admit? Name them.
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3
Masculine, Feminine, and Neuter |
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What nouns have a gender in Greek?
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in Greek every noun has a gender
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Can the gender of a noun be deduced from its meaning or form?
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NO. The gender of every noun must be memorized.
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How many numbers (grammar) does Greek admit? Name them.
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2
Singular and Plural |
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Dual
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used of two person or things which by nature or association form a pair.
infrequently occurs in Attic Greek |
