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18 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Cerebellum
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*structure on top of brain stem
*controls coordinated movements and learned movements |
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Cerebellum
-Balance |
*maintains balance positions and controls eye movements
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Cerebellum
-Coordination |
*connected to motor cortex(frontal lobe)
*cerebellum receives motor plan, and affected input of current muscle position *happens during movement - "aim" *practice reduces need for a cortical motor plan-> cerebellum takes over |
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Cerebellum
-Input to cortex |
*cerebellum-> info to cortex on currect activity
*cortex plan future movement |
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Brain Stem
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*medulla, pons, midbrain
*interface between spinal cord and highe brain centers *cranial nerve input, output-> sensory and motor to head and neck |
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Reticular Activating Systems (RAM)
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*neural net, awareness of surroundings, no focus
*receives cortical, pain, auditory, visual input *controls consciousness/sleep |
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Sleep
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*reason needed is unknown
*low frequency activity in hypothalamus and thalamus |
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EEG patterns
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*change while sleeping
*slow wave sleep-EEG waves get slower and longer *REM sleep(paradoxical sleep)-EEG is similar to being awake |
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Slow Wave Sleep
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*4 stages, each progressively deeper
*conscious thought, no true dreams *75 min/cycle *circadium rhythm-> causes increase adenasine in brain-> triggers sleep *muramyl dipeptite-sleep factor |
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Rapid Eye Movement(paradoxical) sleep. [REM]
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*REM sleep-most likely to awaken
*hardest stage to be awakened by someone else *high activity in visual cortex, low in frontal, high in memory areas *dreams are illogical/make new long term memory synapses |
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Spinal Cord
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*neural tissue
*encased in vertebral column *carries AP's |
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Spinal Cord
-Tracts |
*bundles of axons-carry AP's
*ascending tracts-afferents to brain *descending tracts-efferents from brain to spinal cord or efferon neurons |
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Spinal Cord
-Dorsal Roots |
*entry point for afferent neurons
*afferent neuron cell bodies are in dorsal root ganglia |
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Spinal Cord
-Ventral Roots |
*carry out APs out of spinal cord
*cell bodies for efferent n's are in gray matter of spinal cord |
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Reflex
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*neural reponses without a conscious effort
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Reflexes
-Reflex Arc |
*5 components
*receptor-trigger activity in afferent neurons-CNS-trigger efferont neurons-effector(muscle or gland) *CNS - 1 or more synapses |
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Reflexes
-Withdrawal Reflex |
*strongest reflexes-polysynaptic
*CNS influences-multiple reinforcement *used to remove discomfort or pain, or anticipation of either |
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Reflexes
-Stretch Reflex |
*monosynaptic- your afferent neuron synapses with efferent neurons
*EPSP's *knee jerk-no CNS imput--used to judge spinal cord health |
