L11 - Subcortical Structures - Memory

Front 1

Subcortical Structures

Back 1

*structures below cortex that control posture, edit sensory info, detect emotions

Front 2

Subcortical structures
-basal nuclei

Back 2

*also known as basal ganglia
*5 bilateral to side of thalamus
*connected to each orther and to cortex
*control postural muscles in unconscious fashion after cortex sets position

Front 3

subcortical structures
-thalamus

Back 3

*bilateral
*receives sensory input from opposite side of body*edits and directs sensory input to cortex-cortex determines focus
*one type of autism the thalamus doesnt edit propertly. too much information gets through
*98% of info that comes into the thalamus dies there

Front 4

Subcortical Structures
-hypothalamus

Back 4

*always associated with homeostasis
*control temp, thirst, milk release, hunger, cercadian rhythms, etc.

Front 5

Limbic System

Back 5

*ring of structures underneath cortex
*controls emotions and involved in memory formation
*hippocampus is one of these structures

Front 6

Limbic System
-Emotions

Back 6

*feelings about things
*reproductive urge, rage, fear, motivation, satisfaction, etc.
*few connections between cortex and limbic system
*cortex cant suppress emotions: need time, or distractions
*cortex determines response, emotions dont control muscle contraction

Front 7

Limbic System
-Neurotransmitters

Back 7

*neropinephrin, dopamine, serotonin
*drug therapy uses these receptors
*excess dopamine induces schizophrenia

Front 8

Memory

Back 8

*retention, storage, recall of info
*memory trace-rings of AP's
*declarative memory-facts, words, rules, etc.
*procedural memory-physical skills, habits--> cerebellum

Front 9

Short Term Memory

Back 9

*(STM)
*seconds to hours in hippocampus
*alter activity of existing synapses
*can be erased and replaced with new STM

Front 10

Long Term Memory

Back 10

*(LTM)
*creation of new synapses in cortex(temportal/frontal lobe)
*multiple copies of important info
*retain youthful memories as you age
*tranfer memory from hippocampus to cortex

Front 11

Working Memoryq

Back 11

*frontal lobe
*aquires both STM and compares it to LTM
*new is compared with old
*determine relevance of new date, and organize priorities

Front 12

Amnesia

Back 12

*inability to recall info

Front 13

Amnesia
-retrograde

Back 13

*VERY common
*occurs after trauma-erase stm from hippocampus
*no LTM formed of these events;nothing to recall later

Front 14

Amnesia
-anterograde

Back 14

*very rare
*hippocampal damage-cant form new LT memory
*no loss of previous long term memory
*memory stuck on day of injury