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19 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Two types of Nervous Cells
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Neurons- excitable cells that transmit nerve impulses
Glial Cells - nonexcitable cells that support and protect neurons |
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Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis
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aka Lou Gehrig Disease
Fatal degeneration of the somatic motor system Atrophied muscles No cure |
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3 Neuron Characteristics
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High Metabolic Rate - need constant glucose & oxygen
Longevity - live & function 100yrs Nonmitotic - do not divide after fetal development |
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What are Dendrite
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part of neuron
carry impulses to the cell body(soma) Soma can have 1 or multiple dendrites |
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What is the Cell Body (Soma)
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Neuron control center
contains nucleus Comprise "gray matter" Form glusters in PNS called ganglion |
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Sensory Afferent division is divided into _________ & _________ sensory?
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somatic and visceral
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Motor Efferent division is divided into _________ & _________ sensory?
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somatic and autonomic
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What are Axons
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Also called nerve fiber
Carry impulses away from cell Ends into synamptic knobs |
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Neurons have 3 structural classifications, they are?
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Unipolar - general sensory
Bipolar - special senses (uncommon in humans) Mulitpolar - motor neurons, most common |
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Name the 4 Glial Cells of CNS and what they do.
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Astrocyte - blood brain barrier
Ependymal - produce CSF Microglial - macrophages of CNS Oligodendrocyte - myelin sheaths in CNS |
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Name the 2 Glial Cells of the PNS and what they do.
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Satellite - protects and regulates nutrients
Neurolemmocyte - "Schwann Cell" myelin sheath in PNS |
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What is the purpose of the Myelin Sheath
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supports and protects the axons.
increases speed og conduction |
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How many Myelin sheaths do CNS and PNS have?
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CNS - Many
PNS - One |
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What is Multiple Sclerosis?
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Autoimmune Disease
patches of myelin in brain and spinal cord are destroyed |
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What are the 3 connective tissue wrapings of a nerve, superficial to deep?
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Epineurium
Perineurium Endoneurium |
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What is the synapses?
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site at which neurons communicate with other neurons, glands or muscles
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Name the 3 parts of the Synapses
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Presynaptic neuron - contains neurotransmitters
Synaptic Cleft -space between Postsynaptic Neuron |
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What is Anencephaly
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Disorder at the cranial end of the neural tube
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What is Spina Bifida
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Disorder at the caudel end of the neural tube
possible prevention by increased intake of B12 and folic acid |
