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31 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Etiology of CL depletion alkalosis
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nasogastric suctioning that removes HCL,aggressive use of diuretics,chronic diahrraeh
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Does an increase in SID difference lead to alkalosis or acidosis?
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alkalosis
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what does depletion of Cl do to SID difference?
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increases it/acidosis
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what does vomitting do CO2 level?
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elevates it
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What do diuretics do CO2 content?
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elevate (compensate for alkalosis)
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What does COPD do to CO2 content?
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inc it
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what does aldostronism do CO2 content?
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increases it
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What does renal failure do to CO2 content?
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decreases it
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diahreah causes
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metabolic acidosis
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normal strong ion difference and how to calculate
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Na+K+Ca-Cl-Lactate; 140+5+1-(105-1)=39mmol/L'
normal 38-42 |
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what does increased CL do to SID?
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decreases it
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increased SID =acidemia or alkalosis
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alkalosis
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In plasma, the major non volatile weak acids are
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proteins and phosphates
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What does water excess/deficiency do to acidosis/alkalosis?
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dilutional dec Na, dec SID so acidosis; def of water=inc Na, inc of SID=alkalosis
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what buffers both CO2 and nonvolotile gases?
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Hb, unlike HCO3
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Is deoxygenated or oxygenated Hb a better buffer?
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deoxygenated (Haldane effect)/Bohr effect
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What is the Haldane effect?
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deoxygenated blood has more affinity for CO2
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What is the Bohr effect?
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Doxygenated Hb has a greater affinity for H than oxygn
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what would u see for respiratory alcalosis?
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high pH, low PCO2, low HCO3
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what would u expect to see in blood gas for simple respiratory acidosis?
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dec pH, inc PCO2, inc. HC03
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what can excess citrate cause?
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metabollic alkalosis
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what do diuretics, NG suctioning, and vomiting cause
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loss of H+/metabolic alkalosis
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what is the most powerful regulator of HCO3?
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kidney..low, aborbes; high secretes
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simple metabolic alkalosis, what do you expect to see?
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high Ph, high HCO3, high PCO2
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How much can delta PCO2 change to compensate for metabolic alkalosis?
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Ex. HCO3=30
Delta PaCO2 =.75(30-24)=4.5; pCO2=44.5. IF pCO2 ever over 55, it's respiratory acidosis |
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what is decrease in ph, decrease in HCO3,decrease in PCO2?
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metabolic acidosis
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high Ph, high HCO3, high PCO2
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metabolic alkalosis
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HCO3=16; what do we expect PaCO2 to be?
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change in PaCO2=1.3 times change in HCO3; 1.3*8=10,4;
acidotic so PC20 needs to be less; 40-10,4=30 |
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How much bicarb do u give?
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.3*kg*bd
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Adverse effects of NaHCO3
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hypernatremia (volume overload/cardovasc comp),overshoot (metabolic alk)
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etiology of Cl depletion alkalosis
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loss of acidic gastric acid, diuretics, permissive hypercapnia, excess fecal loss(villous adenoma)
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