Kozier Chapter35 Medications

Front 1

Absorption

Back 1

the process by which a drug passes into the bloodstream

Front 2

Adverse effects

Back 2

more severe side effects which may justify the discontinuation of a drug

Front 3

Agonist

Back 3

a drug that interacts with a receptor to produce a response

Front 4

Ampule

Back 4

a small glass container for individual doses of liquid medications

Front 5

Anaphylactic reaction

Back 5

a severe allergic reaction usually occurs immediately after the administration of the drug (subjective feeling of swelling in the mouth and tongue, acute SOB, acute hypotension), and tachycardia

Front 6

Bevel

Back 6

the part of the needle, which is the slanted part at the tip of the needle

Front 7

Biotransformation

Back 7

process by which a drug is converted to a less active form; also called detoxification

Front 8

Brand name

Back 8

the name given by the drug manufacturer

Front 9

Buccal

Back 9

pertaining to the cheek

Front 10

Cannula

Back 10

a tube with a lumen (channel) that is inserted into a cavity or duct and is often fitted with a trocar during insertion

Front 11

Chemical name

Back 11

the name by which a chemist knows the drug; describes the constituents of the drug precisely

Front 12

Cumulative effect

Back 12

the increasing response to repeated doses of a drug that occurs when the rate of administration exceeds the rate of metabolism or excretion

Front 13

Detoxification

Back 13

a process by which a drug is converted to a less active form

Front 14

Distribution

Back 14

the transportation of a drug from its site of absorption to its site of action

Front 15

Drug

Back 15

a chemical compound taken for disease prevention, diagnosis, cure, or relief or to affect the structure or function of the body

Front 16

Drug abuse

Back 16

excessive intake of a substance either continually or periodically

Front 17

Drug allergy

Back 17

an immunologic reaction to a drug; symptoms skin rash, itching, swelling, running nose, excessive tearing, wheezing and difficulty breathing

Front 18

Drug dependence

Back 18

inability to keep the intake of a drug or substance under control

Front 19

Drug habituation

Back 19

a mild form of psychologic dependence on a drug

Front 20

Drug half-life

Back 20

the time required for the elimination process to reduce the concentration of the drug to one half what it was at initial administration

Front 21

Drug interaction

Back 21

occurs when the administration of one drug before, at the same time, or after another drug alters the effects of one or both drugs

Front 22

Drug polymorphism

Back 22

a client’s variation in response to a drug is influenced by age, gender, size, and body composition

Front 23

Drug tolerance

Back 23

a condition in which successive increases in the dosage of a drug are required to maintain a given therapeutic effect (usually low physiological response to the drug and requires increases in dosage to maintain effect)

Front 24

Drug toxicity

Back 24

the quality of a drug that exerts a deleterious effect on an organism or tissue; results from OD, ingestion of a drug intended for external use, buildup in blood because of impaired metabolism or excretion (respiratory depression d/t cumulative effect of morphine

Front 25

Epidural

Back 25

commonly used routes for parenteral administration into the lumbar spinal space

Front 26

Excretion

Back 26

elimination of a waste product produced by the body cells from the body

Front 27

Gastrostomy tube

Back 27

a tube which is surgically placed directly into the client’s stomach and provides another route for administering nutrition and medications

Front 28

Gauge

Back 28

diameter of the shaft

Front 29

Generic name

Back 29

a drug name not protected by trademark and usually describing the chemical structure of the drug

Front 30

Hub

Back 30

the part of the needle, which fits onto the syringe

Front 31

Hypodermic

Back 31

under the skin

Front 32

Hypodermic syringe

Back 32

a type of syringe that comes in 2-, 2.5-, and 3-mL sizes; the syringe usually has two scales marked on it: the minim and the milliliter

Front 33

Iatrogenic disease

Back 33

disease caused unintentionally by medical therapy

Front 34

Idiosyncratic effect

Back 34

a different, unexpected or individual effect from the normal one usually expected from a medication; the occurrence of unpredictable and unexplainable symptoms

Front 35

Illicit drugs

Back 35

drugs that are sold illegally; street drugs

Front 36

Inhibiting Effect

Back 36

The decreased effect of one or both drugs

Front 37

Insulin Syringe

Back 37

Similar to a hypodermic syringe, but the scale is specially designed for insulin: a 100-unit calibrated scale intended for the use with U-100 insulin

Front 38

Intradermal

Back 38

under the epidermis (into the dermis)

Front 39

intradermal Injection

Back 39

the administration of a drug into the dermal layer of the skin just beneath the epidermis

Front 40

Intramuscular

Back 40

into the muscle

Front 41

IM infection

Back 41

infections into muscle tissue that are absorbed more quickly than subcutaneous infections because of the greater blood supply to the body muscle

Front 42

Intraspinal/Intrathecal

Back 42

into the spinal cord

Front 43

Intravenous

Back 43

within the vein

Front 44

Irrigation/lavage

Back 44

a flushing or washing out of a body cavity, organ, or wound with a specified solution that may or may not be medicated

Front 45

medication

Back 45

a substance administered for the diagnosis, cure, treatment, or relief of a symptom or for prevention of disease

Front 46

medication reconciliation

Back 46

comparison of medications client is taking to physician's admission, transfer, and/or discharge orders

Front 47

meniscus

Back 47

the cresent shaped upper surface of a column of fluid

Front 48

metabolism

Back 48

the sum of all physical and chemical processes by which a living substance is formed and maintained and by which energy is made available for use by the organism

Front 49

metabolites

Back 49

end products or enzymes

Front 50

metered-dose inhaler (MDI)

Back 50

a handheld nebulizer, which is a pressurized container of medication that can be used by the client to release the medication through a mouth piece

Front 51

nasogastric tube

Back 51

a tube inserted by way of the nasopharynx and placed into the client's stomach for the purpose of feeding the client or to remove gastric secretions

Front 52

onset of action

Back 52

the time after drug administration when the body initially responds to the drug

Front 53

ophthalmic

Back 53

referring to the eye

Front 54

oral

Back 54

referring to the mouth

Front 55

otic

Back 55

referring to the ear

Front 56

parenteral

Back 56

drug administration occuring outside the alimentary tract; injected into the body through some route other than the alimentary canal

Front 57

peak plasma level

Back 57

the concentration of a drug in the blood plasma that occurs when the elimination rate equals the rate of absorption

Front 58

percutaneous

Back 58

through the skin

Front 59

pharmacodynamics

Back 59

the process by which a drug alters cell physiology

Front 60

pharmacogenetics

Back 60

process by which the effect of a drug is influenced by genetic variations such as gender, size and body composition

Front 61

pharmacology

Back 61

the scientific study of the actions of drugs on living animals and humans

Front 62

pharmacopoeia

Back 62

a book containing a list of drug products used in medicine, including their descriptions and formulas

Front 63

pharmacy

Back 63

the art of preparing,compounding, and dispensing drugs; also refers to the place where drugs are prepared and dispensed

Front 64

pharmacokinetics

Back 64

the study of the absorption, distribution, biotransformation and excretion of drugs

Front 65

prn order

Back 65

"as needed order"; permits the nurse to give a medication when, in the nurse's judgement, if the client needs it

Front 66

psychologic dependence

Back 66

a state of emotional reliance on a drug to maintain one's well being; a feeling of need or craving for a drug

Front 67

receptor

Back 67

a location on the surface of a cell membrane or within a cell (usually a protein) to which a drug chemically binds

Front 68

reconstitution

Back 68

the technique of adding a solvent to a powdered drug to prepare it for injection

Front 69

side effect

Back 69

the secondary effect of a drug tha is unintended; usually predictable and may be either harmless or potentially harmful

Front 70

stat order

Back 70

common medication order which indicated that the medication is to be given immediately and only once

Front 71

subcutaneous

Back 71

beneath the layers of the skin;
hypodermic

Front 72

single order

Back 72

common medication order that is a "one time order"; medication is to be given once at a specified time

Front 73

standing order

Back 73

a written document about policies, rules, regulations, or orders regarding client care; gives nurses the authority to carry out specific actions under certain circumstances

Front 74

synergistic

Back 74

when two different drugs increase the action of one or another drug

Front 75

therapeutic effect

Back 75

the primary effect intended of a drug; reason the drug is prescribed

Front 76

topical

Back 76

applied externally (skin or mucous membranes

Front 77

transdermal patch

Back 77

a particular type of topical or dermatological medication delivery system

Front 78

tuberculin syringe

Back 78

originally designed to administer tuberculin; a narrow syringe calibrated in tenths and hundredths of a mL (up to 1 mL) on one scale and in sixteenths of a minim (up to 1 minim) on the other scale

Front 79

physiological dependence

Back 79

altered physical condition caused by adaptation of the nervous system to repeated drug use (withdrawals)

Front 80

addiction

Back 80

the overwhelming feeling that drives someone to use a drug repeatedly