Komiskey - Opiods

Front 1

Name 4 Strong Opioid Agonists

Back 1

* Fentanyl
* Meperidine
* Methadone
* Morphine

Front 2

Name 5 weak Opioid Agonists

Back 2

* Dextromethorphan
* Diphenoxylate
* Loperamide
* Propoxyphene
* Tramadol

Front 3

5 agents in this class affect all of the opiod receptors. What are they.

Back 3

Antagonists
Naloxone, Naltrexone, Nalmefene

Agonists
Codeine, Morphine

Front 4

Name the three opioid receptors

Back 4

Mu, Kappa, Delta

Front 5

What do the kappa receptors do?

Back 5

spinal analgesia

Front 6

What do the mu receptors do?

Back 6

supra spinal analgesia, respiratory depression, miosis

Front 7

What do delta receptors do?

Back 7

analgesia

Front 8

Which 2 receptors are responsible for physical dependence?

Back 8

mu, delta

Front 9

How do opioid receptors work?

Back 9

Open K channels through G protein to hyper polaize

Front 10

Cardiovascular Effects

Back 10

Decreased myocardial oxygen demand
Vasodilation and orthostatic hypotension

Front 11

Gastrointestinal and Biliary Effects

Back 11

Decreased gastric motility and constipation (increased muscle tone leads to diminished propulsive peristalsis in colon)
Biliary colic from increased sphincter tone and pressure
Nausea and vomiting (from direct stimulation of chemoreceptor trigger zone)

Front 12

Genitourinary Effects

Back 12

Increased bladder sphincter tone
Increased urine retention

Front 13

Uses of morphine (2)?

Back 13

severe pain associated with trauma, myocardial infarction (MI), or cancer
Heart failure --> reduce afterload and preload

Front 14

Name the drug: antitussive, mild pain

Back 14

codeine

Front 15

Name the drug:
Acute pain syndromes, such as MI, neuralgia, painful procedures (short-term treatment)
Used to interrupt amphotericin B induced or postoperative shivering and shaking chills

Back 15

Meperidine

Front 16

Name the drug: used for panceatitis and cause mydriasis
anxiety and seizures due to accumulation of a metabolite

Back 16

Meperidine

Front 17

Name the drug:
Maintenance therapy for heroin addicts
Control of withdrawal symptoms from opioids
Neuropathic pain

Back 17

Methadone

Front 18

Name the drug:
Relative to morphine: less nausea
Uses: Anesthesia, in some cases (cardiovascular surgery)

Back 18

Fentanyl

Front 19

Name 3 pure opiod antagonists used to treat overdose.

Back 19

Nalmefene, Naloxone, Naltrexone

Front 20

Name the drug:
Uses: acute and chronic pain syndromes
Adverse effect: decreased seizure threshold

Back 20

Tramadol

Front 21

Name the drug:
used in the treatment of diarrhea

Back 21

Loperamide

Front 22

Name the drug:
minimal analgesic activity; used as an antitussive agent

Back 22

Dextromethorphan

Front 23

Name 4 mixed opioid agonist-antagonist

Back 23

* Buprenorphin
* Butorphanol
* Nalbuphine
* Pentazocine

Front 24

Name 3 Moderate Opioid Agonists

Back 24

* Codeine
* Hydrocodone
* Oxycodone

Front 25

Advantages of mixed types

Back 25

Respiratory depressant effects do not rise proportionately with increasing doses.
Associated with a much lower risk of drug dependence than morphine

Front 26

How do the opioid antagonists work?

Back 26

competitive inhibition at mu receptor

Front 27

What can happen if you give an addict Naloxone?

Back 27

induce withdrawal symptoms