Kochar's Clinical Manifestations Of Fever Of Unknown Origin

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bout 0.25°C and 1.0°C lower than core temperature, respectively.

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Oral and axillary temperatures

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bout 0.25°C and 1.0°C lower than core temperature, respectively.

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Oral and axillary temperatures

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bout 0.25°C and 1.0°C lower than core temperature, respectively.

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Oral and axillary temperatures

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Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) occurs hours to days after ingestion of neuroleptic drugs (haloperidol [Haldol] is one of the most common drugs implicated); its presentation includes

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hyperthermia, rigidity, altered mental status, and rhabdomyolysis.

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Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) occurs hours to days after ingestion of neuroleptic drugs (haloperidol [Haldol] is one of the most common drugs implicated); its presentation includes

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hyperthermia, rigidity, altered mental status, and rhabdomyolysis.

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Neuroleptic malignant syndrome (NMS) occurs hours to days after ingestion of neuroleptic drugs (haloperidol [Haldol] is one of the most common drugs implicated); its presentation includes

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hyperthermia, rigidity, altered mental status, and rhabdomyolysis.

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Fever of unknown origin (FUO) is defined as

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a prolonged febrile illness, lasting at least 3 weeks, with temperatures of at least 38.3°C (101°F), and no diagnosis after 1 week of evaluation in the inpatient setting or a similar intensive outpatient workup.

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Fever of unknown origin (FUO) is defined as

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a prolonged febrile illness, lasting at least 3 weeks, with temperatures of at least 38.3°C (101°F), and no diagnosis after 1 week of evaluation in the inpatient setting or a similar intensive outpatient workup.

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Fever of unknown origin (FUO) is defined as

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a prolonged febrile illness, lasting at least 3 weeks, with temperatures of at least 38.3°C (101°F), and no diagnosis after 1 week of evaluation in the inpatient setting or a similar intensive outpatient workup.

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Fever of unknown origin (FUO) is defined as

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a prolonged febrile illness, lasting at least 3 weeks, with temperatures of at least 38.3°C (101°F), and no diagnosis after 1 week of evaluation in the inpatient setting or a similar intensive outpatient workup.

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The differential diagnosis of FUO includes

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predominantly neoplastic disease (31%), infections (30%), collagen-vascular diseases (16%), and miscellaneous (3% to 10%), which all together can account for 80% to 90% of FUO. In 10% of cases, however, no diagnosis is made

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The differential diagnosis of FUO includes

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predominantly neoplastic disease (31%), infections (30%), collagen-vascular diseases (16%), and miscellaneous (3% to 10%), which all together can account for 80% to 90% of FUO. In 10% of cases, however, no diagnosis is made

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The differential diagnosis of FUO includes

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predominantly neoplastic disease (31%), infections (30%), collagen-vascular diseases (16%), and miscellaneous (3% to 10%), which all together can account for 80% to 90% of FUO. In 10% of cases, however, no diagnosis is made

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The differential diagnosis of FUO includes

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predominantly neoplastic disease (31%), infections (30%), collagen-vascular diseases (16%), and miscellaneous (3% to 10%), which all together can account for 80% to 90% of FUO. In 10% of cases, however, no diagnosis is made

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The differential diagnosis of FUO includes

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predominantly neoplastic disease (31%), infections (30%), collagen-vascular diseases (16%), and miscellaneous (3% to 10%), which all together can account for 80% to 90% of FUO. In 10% of cases, however, no diagnosis is made

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The differential diagnosis of FUO includes

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predominantly neoplastic disease (31%), infections (30%), collagen-vascular diseases (16%), and miscellaneous (3% to 10%), which all together can account for 80% to 90% of FUO. In 10% of cases, however, no diagnosis is made

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Neoplastic disease is a common cause of FUO. A number of primary or metastatic tumors cause fever, but some are more prone to do so than others. Name two...

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Occult lymphoma, particularly in the retroperitoneal area, may present with weight loss, anorexia, and fever, but usually without hepatosplenomegaly. Another common cause of FUO is renal cell carcinoma, which may be difficult to localize and diagnose because hematuria may be absent. Metastatic cancer to the liver is more common
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than primary liver tumors, but both may cause FUO. Usually, these pose no diagnostic problems unless liver function abnormalities are absent. Other neoplasms causing FUO include leukemias, pancreatic carcinoma, atrial myxoma, and central nervous system tumors.

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Neoplastic disease is a common cause of FUO. A number of primary or metastatic tumors cause fever, but some are more prone to do so than others. Name two...

Back 18

Occult lymphoma, particularly in the retroperitoneal area, may present with weight loss, anorexia, and fever, but usually without hepatosplenomegaly. Another common cause of FUO is renal cell carcinoma, which may be difficult to localize and diagnose because hematuria may be absent. Metastatic cancer to the liver is more common
P.78

than primary liver tumors, but both may cause FUO. Usually, these pose no diagnostic problems unless liver function abnormalities are absent. Other neoplasms causing FUO include leukemias, pancreatic carcinoma, atrial myxoma, and central nervous system tumors.

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Neoplastic disease is a common cause of FUO. A number of primary or metastatic tumors cause fever, but some are more prone to do so than others. Name two...

Back 19

Occult lymphoma, particularly in the retroperitoneal area, may present with weight loss, anorexia, and fever, but usually without hepatosplenomegaly. Another common cause of FUO is renal cell carcinoma, which may be difficult to localize and diagnose because hematuria may be absent. Metastatic cancer to the liver is more common
P.78

than primary liver tumors, but both may cause FUO. Usually, these pose no diagnostic problems unless liver function abnormalities are absent. Other neoplasms causing FUO include leukemias, pancreatic carcinoma, atrial myxoma, and central nervous system tumors.

Front 20

Neoplastic disease is a common cause of FUO. A number of primary or metastatic tumors cause fever, but some are more prone to do so than others. Name two...

Back 20

Occult lymphoma, particularly in the retroperitoneal area, may present with weight loss, anorexia, and fever, but usually without hepatosplenomegaly. Another common cause of FUO is renal cell carcinoma, which may be difficult to localize and diagnose because hematuria may be absent. Metastatic cancer to the liver is more common
P.78

than primary liver tumors, but both may cause FUO. Usually, these pose no diagnostic problems unless liver function abnormalities are absent. Other neoplasms causing FUO include leukemias, pancreatic carcinoma, atrial myxoma, and central nervous system tumors.

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Common infectious causes of FUO today include intra-abdominal (i.e.

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(i.e., hepatic, periappendiceal, pericolic, perinephric, splenic) and pelvic abscesses

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Common infectious causes of FUO today include intra-abdominal (i.e.

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(i.e., hepatic, periappendiceal, pericolic, perinephric, splenic) and pelvic abscesses

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Common infectious causes of FUO today include intra-abdominal (i.e.

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(i.e., hepatic, periappendiceal, pericolic, perinephric, splenic) and pelvic abscesses

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Common infectious causes of FUO today include intra-abdominal (i.e.

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(i.e., hepatic, periappendiceal, pericolic, perinephric, splenic) and pelvic abscesses

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Tuberculosis (Chapter 43) is another common cause of FUO, particularly when

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extrapulmonary sites (i.e., meningeal, miliary and renal) are involved

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Tuberculosis (Chapter 43) is another common cause of FUO, particularly when

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extrapulmonary sites (i.e., meningeal, miliary and renal) are involved

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Tuberculosis (Chapter 43) is another common cause of FUO, particularly when

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extrapulmonary sites (i.e., meningeal, miliary and renal) are involved

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Drugs usually cause fever by

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acting as a foreign antigen, sensitizing T cells, and leading to endogenous pyrogen release

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Drugs usually cause fever by

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acting as a foreign antigen, sensitizing T cells, and leading to endogenous pyrogen release

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Drugs usually cause fever by

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acting as a foreign antigen, sensitizing T cells, and leading to endogenous pyrogen release

Front 31

Drug fever tops the list of miscellaneous causes of FUO. Drugs usually cause fever by acting as a foreign antigen, sensitizing T cells, and leading to endogenous pyrogen release. Common offenders are

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antibiotics, particularly beta-lactams and sulfonamides, analgesics, diuretics, hypnotics, anticonvulsants, and antiarrhythmics. Intermittent eosinophilia and elevated liver enzyme levels may be seen. Some drugs (i.e., penicillin, isoniazid, salicylates, phenytoin, thiouracil, iodides, and methyldopa) are notable for causing fever without other clinical signs.

Front 32

Drug fever tops the list of miscellaneous causes of FUO. Drugs usually cause fever by acting as a foreign antigen, sensitizing T cells, and leading to endogenous pyrogen release. Common offenders are

Back 32

antibiotics, particularly beta-lactams and sulfonamides, analgesics, diuretics, hypnotics, anticonvulsants, and antiarrhythmics. Intermittent eosinophilia and elevated liver enzyme levels may be seen. Some drugs (i.e., penicillin, isoniazid, salicylates, phenytoin, thiouracil, iodides, and methyldopa) are notable for causing fever without other clinical signs.

Front 33

Drug fever tops the list of miscellaneous causes of FUO. Drugs usually cause fever by acting as a foreign antigen, sensitizing T cells, and leading to endogenous pyrogen release. Common offenders are

Back 33

antibiotics, particularly beta-lactams and sulfonamides, analgesics, diuretics, hypnotics, anticonvulsants, and antiarrhythmics. Intermittent eosinophilia and elevated liver enzyme levels may be seen. Some drugs (i.e., penicillin, isoniazid, salicylates, phenytoin, thiouracil, iodides, and methyldopa) are notable for causing fever without other clinical signs.

Front 34

Drug fever tops the list of miscellaneous causes of FUO. Drugs usually cause fever by acting as a foreign antigen, sensitizing T cells, and leading to endogenous pyrogen release. Common offenders are

Back 34

antibiotics, particularly beta-lactams and sulfonamides, analgesics, diuretics, hypnotics, anticonvulsants, and antiarrhythmics. Intermittent eosinophilia and elevated liver enzyme levels may be seen. Some drugs (i.e., penicillin, isoniazid, salicylates, phenytoin, thiouracil, iodides, and methyldopa) are notable for causing fever without other clinical signs.

Front 35

Drug fever tops the list of miscellaneous causes of FUO. Drugs usually cause fever by acting as a foreign antigen, sensitizing T cells, and leading to endogenous pyrogen release. Common offenders are

Back 35

antibiotics, particularly beta-lactams and sulfonamides, analgesics, diuretics, hypnotics, anticonvulsants, and antiarrhythmics. Intermittent eosinophilia and elevated liver enzyme levels may be seen. Some drugs (i.e., penicillin, isoniazid, salicylates, phenytoin, thiouracil, iodides, and methyldopa) are notable for causing fever without other clinical signs.

Front 36

Drug fever tops the list of miscellaneous causes of FUO. Drugs usually cause fever by acting as a foreign antigen, sensitizing T cells, and leading to endogenous pyrogen release. Common offenders are

Back 36

antibiotics, particularly beta-lactams and sulfonamides, analgesics, diuretics, hypnotics, anticonvulsants, and antiarrhythmics. Intermittent eosinophilia and elevated liver enzyme levels may be seen. Some drugs (i.e., penicillin, isoniazid, salicylates, phenytoin, thiouracil, iodides, and methyldopa) are notable for causing fever without other clinical signs.

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Routine laboratory studies, such as a complete blood count, can give some clues to a FUO. For instance

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For instance, leukopenia might suggest lymphoma; eosinophilia may be consistent with lymphoma or drug fever; and a lymphocytosis might suggest infectious mononucleosis (especially if the peripheral smear shows atypical lymphocytes).

Front 38

Routine laboratory studies, such as a complete blood count, can give some clues to a FUO. For instance

Back 38

For instance, leukopenia might suggest lymphoma; eosinophilia may be consistent with lymphoma or drug fever; and a lymphocytosis might suggest infectious mononucleosis (especially if the peripheral smear shows atypical lymphocytes).

Front 39

Routine laboratory studies, such as a complete blood count, can give some clues to a FUO. For instance

Back 39

For instance, leukopenia might suggest lymphoma; eosinophilia may be consistent with lymphoma or drug fever; and a lymphocytosis might suggest infectious mononucleosis (especially if the peripheral smear shows atypical lymphocytes).