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21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is aortic stenosis?
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narrowing of arotic valve to less than 25% of its normal size
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What is the most common cuase of AS?
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senile caldification of the valves
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What is the most common congenital heart disorder?
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Bicuspid aortic valvular disease
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What are the clinical manifestations of AS?
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-angina
-DOE -exertional syncope -HF |
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What is the classic murmur of AS?
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-coarse crescendo-decresendo murmur heard in mid to late systole, radiating to the coratid artery
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What are the markers of severe disease on physical exam in AS?
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-delay felt in the upstroke of pulse in the carotid artery
-sustained LV heave when feeling for PMI -soft A2 portion of 2nd HS -delay of murmur to late systole |
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What is the initial work-up for AS?
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-EKG
-CXR |
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What is indicated when valve replacement is being considered in AS?
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-cardiac cath and coronary angiography
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What is the only effective treatment for AS?
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vlave replacement
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What is the treatment for childre, adolescents, and young adults in whom stenosed vavle is likely congenital with fused cusps and extensive caldification has not occured yet?
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ballon valvotomy
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What is mitral stenosis?
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abstuction to flow from the left atrium into the left ventricle because the vavle is less than 2.5cm
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What is the cause of MS?
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Rheumatic heart disease usually
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What are the clinical manifestations of MS?
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-increasing DOE
-orthopnea -PND -flash pulmonary edema -palpitation -AFib |
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What is the characteristic murmur of MS?
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diastolic rumbling murmur is best heard with the pt lying in left lateral decubitus position using the bell of the stethoscope at the apex
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What should the initial evaluation of MS include?
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-ECHO
-CXR -2-D Doppler echo |
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What can be an effective diagnostic tool in pts who aren't physically active for MS?
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stress echo
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What does medical treatment for MS focus on?
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-slowing HR
-preventing complications of disease |
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What drugs are used in MS?
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-BB
-CCB |
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What is the initial intervention of choice for MS?
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-ballon valvotomy
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Who should get ballon valvotomy if then have MS?
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-<1.5cm2 valve
-pulmonary HTN |
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If a pt has sever MS and is not considered a candidate for balloon valvotomy or repair, what surgery can they undergo?
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Mitral Valve replacement
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