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51 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Q1300. Incomplete Abortion - Sxs
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A1300. Some POC expelled
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Q1301. Incomplete Abortion - PE/US
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A1301. Open internal cervical os; retained fetal tissue on US
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Q1302. Incomplete Abortion - Tx
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A1302. Emergent D&C
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Q1303. Complete Abortion - Sxs
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A1303. Minimal bleeding; minimal cramping; all POC expelled
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Q1304. Complete Abortion - PE/US
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A1304. Closed internal cervical os; empty uterus on US
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Q1305. Missed Abortion - Sxs
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A1305. No uterine bleeding; no POC expelled
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Q1306. Missed Abortion - PE/US
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A1306. Closed internal cervical os; no fetal cardiac activity; retained fetal tissue on US
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Q1307. Missed Abortion - Tx
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A1307. Evacuate uterus; D&C
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Q1308. Septic abortion - Sxs
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A1308. Fever; chills; peritoneal signs; often recent history of therapeutic abortion
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Q1309. Septic abortion - PE/US
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A1309. Hypotension; hypothermia; oliguria; resp distress if in shock; increased WBC
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Q1310. Septic abortion - Tx
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A1310. Evacuate uterus; D&C; IV Antibiotics
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Q1311. Intrauterine fetal demise - Sxs
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A1311. Mom may report absence of fetal movements
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Q1312. Intrauterine fetal demise - PE/US
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A1312. Uterus small for GA; no fetal heart tones or movement on US
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Q1313. Intrauterine fetal demise - Tx
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A1313. Induce labor; evacuate uterus to avoid DIC
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Q1314. Urinary Incontinence - Risk Factors
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A1314. Older age; pelvic relaxation; obstructed labor; traumatic delivery; menopause; chronic cough; straining; ascites; large pelvic tumors
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Q1315. Urinary Incontinence - Causes
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A1315. DIAPPERS; Delirium; Infection (UTI); Atrophic urethritis/vaginitis; Pharmaceutical; Psych causes (esp. depression); Excess urine output (hyperglycemia, hypercalcemia, CHF); Restricted mobility; Stool impaction
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Q1316. Urinary Incontinence - Dx
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A1316. UA and UC - to exclude UTI; Serum Cr - to exclude renal dysfunction; Cystogram - fistulas; bladder neck abnorm
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Q1317. Stress Incontinence - What is it
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A1317. Sphincter insufficiency; laxity of pelvic floor muscles; common in multiparous women or after pelvic surgery
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Q1318. Stress Incontinence - History
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A1318. Activities that ↑ intra-abdominal pressure; coughing,; sneezing,; lifting; not common in supine position
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Q1319. Stress Incontinence - Tx
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A1319. Kegel exercises; surgery - place bladder neck in correct anatomical position
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Q1320. Urge Incontinence - What is it
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A1320. Detrusor hyperreflexia or sphincter dysfunction; due to bladder - inflammatory conditions, neurogenic disorders
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Q1321. Urge Incontinence - History
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A1321. Preceded by strong, unexpected urge to void; unrelated to position or activity
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Q1322. Urge Incontinence - Tx
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A1322. Anticholinergics; TCAs
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Q1323. Overflow Incontinence - What is it
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A1323. Dribbling of urine from overly full bladder; Volume is usually small
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Q1324. Overflow Incontinence - History
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A1324. Chronic urinary retention
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Q1325. Overflow Incontinence - Tx
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A1325. Catheter - if acute; Tx underlying disease; timed voiding
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Q1326. pt presentation of genuine stress incontinence
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A1326. losing urine with coughing, sneezing, laughing, etc
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Q1327. pt presentation of overflow incontinence
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A1327. constant urinary dribbling + sx of stress or urge incontinence
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Q1328. pt presentation of urge incontinence
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A1328. urge to go, but can't make it to the bathroom in time; strong urge to void
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Q1329. pt presentation of total incontinence
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A1329. painless, continuous loss of urine
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Q1330. dx of stress incontinence
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A1330. q tip test: if it moves more than 30 degrees, then urethra is hypermobile
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Q1331. dx of overflow incontinence
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A1331. residual volumes >300 cc
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Q1332. dx of total incontinence
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A1332. inject dye to see if there is a fistula, if there is then do a cystourethroscopy to determine # and location
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Q1333. tx of stress incontinence
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A1333. non surgical: reduce fluid intake, alpha-adrenergics and estrogens; surgical: if there is intrinsic sphincter deficiency, then urethral bulking; otherwise, retropubic urethropexy
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Q1334. tx of urge incontinence
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A1334. bladder retraining; anticholinergics
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Q1335. tx of overflow incontinence
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A1335. alpha-1 inhibitors (to reduce urterhal closing pressure); cholinergics; intermittent self-cath
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Q1336. tx of total incontinence
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A1336. if ob fistula, repair immediately; if 2/2 surgery, wait 3-6 months, then repair
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Q1337. MCC preventable infertility in the US?
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A1337. PID
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Q1338. Most likely cause of infertility in a normally menstruating woman below the age of 30? Above the age of 30, if it is not the answer to the previous question?
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A1338. 1. PID; 2. Endometriosis
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Q1339. What symptoms are necessary to diagnose PID?
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A1339. 1. Abdominal Pain; 2. Adnexal Tenderness; 3. Cervical motion tenderness; 4. One of the following: Elevated ESR/CRP, Leukocytosis, fever, purulent cervical discharge
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Q1340. How do you treat PID?
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A1340. 1. Outpatient: Cefoxitin/Ceftriaxone + Doxycycline; 2. Inpatient: Clindamycin + Gentamycin
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Q1341. What are the most common organisms you have to cover for when treating PID?
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A1341. Gonorrhea, Chlamydia
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Q1342. What causal organism do you have to consider in PID when a patient has a history of an IUD?
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A1342. Actinomyces israelii
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Q1343. What are the signs and symptoms of endometriosis?
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A1343. 1. Dysmenorrhea (painful menstruation); 2. Dyspareunia (painful intercourse); 3. Dyschezia (painful defecation); 4. Perimenstrual spotting
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Q1344. How do you treat endometriosis?
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A1344. 1. Birth control pills; 2. Danazol and GnRH agonists; 3. Surgery & Cautery; 4. In older patients: Hysterectomy & Bilateral salpingoopherectomy
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Q1345. Candida: Findings and treatment
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A1345. 1. Findings: ""cottage cheese," pseudohyphae on KOH prep, History diabetes, antibiotic treatment, pregnancy. 2. Treatment: Topical or oral antifungal
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Q1346. Trichomonas vaginalis: Findings and treatment
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A1346. 1. Findings: Bugs swimming under microscope, pale green, frothy, watery, discharge, "Strawberry cervix"; 2. Treatment: Metronidazole
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Q1347. Gardnerella vaginalis: Findings and treatment
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A1347. 1. Findings: Malodorous discharge, fishy smell on KOH prep, clue cells; 2. Treatment: Metronidazole
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Q1348. HPV: Findings and treatment
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A1348. 1. Findings: Venereal warts, koilocytosis in PAP smear; 2. Treatment: Acid therapy, cryotherapy, laser therapy, podophyllin
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Q1349. Herpes virus: Findings and treatment
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A1349. 1. Findings: Multiple shallowl, painful ulcers, recurrence and resolution; 2. Treatment: Acyclovir
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Q1350. Syphilis (stage 1): Findings and treatment
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A1350. 1. Findings: Painless chancre, spirochete on dark-field microscopy; 2. Treatment: Penicillin
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