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57 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Articularis Genu
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Fibers derived from vastus intermedius
Pulls on suprapatellar bursa to prevent compression of folds during extension |
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Fibers from Vastus Intermedius to Suprapatellar Bursa
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Articularis Genu
Pulls on suprapatellar bursa to prevent compression of folds during extension |
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Why doesn't the suprapatellar bursa get folds compressed into it in extension
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Articularis Genu
Fibers derived from vastus intermedius Pulls on suprapatellar bursa to prevent compression of folds during extension |
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Gracilis
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Pubis → Pes
Obturator Nerve L2-4 |
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Innervation of Posterior Thigh Muscles
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Hamstring Muscles all innervated by Tibial Division of Sciatic Nerve
Short head of Biceps Femoris (Itself not a hamstring) innervated by Fibular Division of Sciatic |
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Source of Hip Extension
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Mostly from Biceps Femoris
"Workhorse" of hip extension |
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Insertions of Semimembranosus
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1. Posterior Medial Tibial Condyle
2. Blending into Popliteal Fascia 3. Reflection over Knee Joint Capsule becomes Oblique Popliteal Ligament |
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What protects the Sciatic Nerve
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Long Head of Biceps Femoris
NB: also protects common fibular nerve |
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Short Head of Biceps Femoris
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Comes from Inferior 3rd of Linea Aspera/Supracondylar Ridge
Innervated by Fibular Branches of Sciatic (unlike Hamstrings from Tibial) |
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Innervation of Gastrocnemius & Plantaris
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Tibial Nerve S1/S2
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Gracilis
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Pubis → Pes
Obturator Nerve L2-4 |
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Sartorius
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Distinct Fascial Sheath
ASIS → Pes Femoral Nerve L2-4 |
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Quadriceps
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"great lifters" thus 3x stronger than hams
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Patella, what's the point
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resist compression placed on tendon while kneeling
moves tendon anteriorly for better leverage |
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Anatomical correlation: inferior apex of patella
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= joint plane of knee
(when joint in extension & patellar tendon is taught) |
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Sciatic nerve division
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Tibial nerve & Common Fibular Nerve
Common Fibular beocmes Superficial or Deep Tib & Com Fib join to form sural |
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Blood Supply of Knee Joint
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Genicular Anastamosis
Superior Medial/Superior Lateral Inferior Medial/Inferior Lateral Superiorly supplied by anastamotic connection of Descending Branch off Circumflex Humoral to Descending Geniculate Inferiorly mostly from Recurrent Branch from Anterior Tibial Artery |
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Bursae of Knee
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Communicating:
Suprapatellar Poplitius Anserine Gastrocnemius Noncommunicating: Semimembranosus Subcu Prepatellar subcu Infrapatellar Deep infrapatellar |
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Medial tendon of Popliteaus attaches to
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lateral meniscus posteriorly
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Posterior Meniscofemoral Ligament
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Connects latearl Meniscus + PCL + Medial Femoral Condyle
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Connection btw
Lateral Meniscus + PCL + Medial Femoral Condyle |
Posterior Meniscofemoral Ligament
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Popliteus main fnx
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must rotate femor 5* to get it out of locked position
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Blood Supply to Crucirate ligaments
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Middle Geniculate Artery
= Direct branch off Popliteal Artery supplies cruciate ligs, synovial emmbrane & periphery of menisci |
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Middle Geniculate Artery
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Direct branch off Popliteal Artery
supplies cruciate ligs, synovial emmbrane & periphery of menisci |
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Ligaments of Knee
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5 external:
Patellar MCL & LCL Oblique Popliteal (semimembranosus) Arcuate Popliteal 5 internal: Menisci, ACL/PCL, Part of Popliteus |
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Limitation of Knee rotation
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Medial rotation stopped at 10* from ALC & PCL wind around each other
MCL stops lateral at 60* |
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Coronary ligaments
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Joint Capsule between Menisci & Tibial Condyles
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Joint Capsule between Menisci & Tibial Condyles
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Coronary ligaments
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ACL course & function
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superoposterolaterally
prevents hyperextension |
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PCL course & function
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superoanteromedially
prevents hyperfelxion, sliding with weightbearing flexion |
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Attachments of mensici
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Medial attaches widely, beyond ACL & Lateral Meniscus
Lateral attaches in center of intercondylar ridge |
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Slender Fibrous Band tethering anterior aspects of menisci
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Transverse Ligament of the Knee
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Transverse Ligament of the Knee
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Slender Fibrous Band tethering anterior aspects of menisci
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Oblique Angle of Femoral Shaft
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9* in males more in females
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Medial vs Lateral Tibial Condyle
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Medial; slightly concave
Lateral: slightly convex |
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Tibical condyles separated by
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2 intercondylar tubercles with cough anterior & posterior intercondylar areas
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Gerdy Tubercle
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Anterolateral to Lateral Condyle of Tibia
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Angle of Tibia
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True Verticle
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where is tibial shaft the weakest
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jnx of middle & distal 3rds
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Alar Folds of Knee Synovium
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Inwards fillings on anterior wrap of synovium to make space for infrapatellar fat pads
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Inwards fillings on anterior wrap of synovium to make space for infrapatellar fat pads
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Alar Folds of Knee Synovium
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Patellar Retinaculi
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Aponeuroses of Vasti Lateralis & Medialis to keep patella in place
due to angle of Femur: more like to track laterally |
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Infrapatellar synovial fold
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synovium which dives from posterior wrap-around anteriorly to exclude PCL, intercondylar area ACL from actual joint space
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synovium which dives from posterior wrap-around anteriorly to exclude PCL, intercondylar area ACL from actual joint space
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Infrapatellar synovial fold
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Support for knee joint
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Muscles provide more support than ligaments
Most injuries can be avoided by proper conditioning and training Most important are vastus lateralis & medialis |
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Knee Joint Capsule Division
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External Fibrous & Internal Synvoial
Fibrous has opening posterior to lateral tibial condyle for popliteus ligament, and is continuous with quad/patellar ligament and MCL |
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Oblique Popliteal ligament
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Reflection off Semimembranosus which dives back superiorly towards lateral femoral condyle reinforcing posterior capsule
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Reflection off Semimembranosus which dives back superiorly towards lateral femoral condyle reinforcing posterior capsule
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Oblique Popliteal ligament
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Arcuate Popliteal ligament
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From posterior aspect of fibular head superomedially as popliteus fascia
inversely related to size of fabella (5% pop have sesimoid bone in gastroc) |
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Ligament from posterior aspect of fibular head superomedially as popliteus fascia
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Arcuate Popliteal ligament
inversely related to size of fabella (5% pop have sesimoid bone in gastroc) |
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Fabella
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Seismoid bone within gastrocnemius present in 5% of population
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Seismoid bone within gastrocnemius
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Fabella
present in 5% of population |
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Suprapatellar Bursa
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5cm superior extension
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Q angle
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oblique insertion of femoral muscles into patellar tendon vs patellar ligament
usually 9* in males, more in females |
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angle of insertion of femoral muscles into patella vs patellar ligament
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Q angle usually 9*, more in females
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Utility of Collateral Ligaments
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Standing = taught = stability
flexed = loose = MCL is check vs rotation Medially to 60* |
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what is between the LCL and the joint capsule
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one of the biceps femoris heads
also popliteus |
