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42 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What are examples of human solid? 3
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bone
muscle skin |
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What are examples of human liquid? 3
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blood
saliva urine |
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What is an example of human gas?
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air breathed
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What 2 things must a physiological system have?
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matter
energy |
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What are the 5 forms of energy?
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chemical
electrical mechanical radiant thermal |
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Atomic number?
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number of protons of nucelus
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Mass number?
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sum of masses of protons and neutrons
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Isotopes?
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variable mass numbers due to different number of neutrons
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What is the role PET (Positron Emission Tomography)?
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how we can measure activity
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What is the same in each atom within each element?
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number of protons
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Molecule?
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2 or more atoms
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Compound?
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2 or more different elements
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What does the breakage of bonds provide?
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energy to move matter
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Solvent?
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substance in greatest quantity, usually water
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Solute?
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substance in smaller quantity
-usually ions, proteins, carbs |
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Molecular weight?
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sum of atomic weights that equal 1 mole substance
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Osmolarity?
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number of particles per volume
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Osmolality?
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number of particles per unit weight
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Colloids?
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solute is large, but dissolable, particles scatter light
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What are example of colloids? 2
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jello
cell cytosol (fluid) |
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Suspension?
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mixtures where the solute will settle out unless you repeatedly shake it
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What does each shell of an electron shell equal?
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different level of energy
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Ionic bonds?
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one atoms donates electron to the electron shell of another atom
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Covalent bond?
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electrons are shared between 2 atoms
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Hydrogen bonds?
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attractions between slightly charged molecules such as water
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What are effectors of chemical reactions? 4
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-temp
-particle size -concentration -catalysts |
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What are inorganic compounds? 4
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water
salts acids bases |
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Salts?
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ionic compounds with cations other than H+ and anions other than OH-
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Buffers?
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weak acids and bases; prevent large pH shifts
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What is the Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen ratio?
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1:2:1
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What are the 3 types of carbohydrates?
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Monosaccharide
Disaccharide Polysaccharides |
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What is the function of carbohydrates?
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used for fuel
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Steroids?
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flat, 4 hydrocarbon rings
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What elements make up proteins? 4
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carbon
hydrogen oxygen nitrogen |
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Tertiary structure of protein?
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helix or sheet folds over itself
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Quaternary structure of protein?
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aggregation of 2 or more polypeptide chains
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What is the role of molecular chaperones? 5
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assist protein folding during synthesis
prevent incorrect folding aid association process translocation of protein across cell membranes promote breakdown of damaged or denatured proteins |
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What are the elements of nucelic acids? 5
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C,
H O N P |
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Where is DNA located? 2
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nucleus
mitochondrion |
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Function of protein?
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template for protein synthesis
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RNA located? structure? stability?
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outside the nucleus
single stranded easily broken down |
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RNA-function? 4 elements? 3
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protein syntheis; messanger RNA, ribosome, amino acid carrier
-sugar, bases, complementary bases |
