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368 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back
Has he decided?
Hat er sich entschieden?

(Subject pronouns first)
Has the man decided?
Hat sich der Man entschieden?

(Subject nouns first)
Did something finally happen yesterday?
Ist denn gestern endlich etwas passiert?

(endlich moved to emphasize something)
Liechtenstein is south of Germany, isn't it?
Liechtenstein liegt suedlich von DL, nicht wahr?
Don't you understand anything?-Of course I do!
Verstehst du denn gar nichts? -Doch!
Who's going with me to the movies?
Wer geht mit mir ins Kino?
When did you get back last night?
Wann bist du gestern Abend zurueckgekommen?
How did you like the film?
Wie hat dir den Film gefallen?
who?
wer?
who(m) accusative
wen?
who(m) dative
wem?
whose?
wessen?
what?
was?
what accusative
was?
with what?
mit was?
who can help us?
wer kann uns helfen?
whom did you meet in the restaurant?
Wen hast du im Restaurant getroffen?
Whose book is lying on the floor?
Wessen Buch liegt auf dem Boden?
To whom did he give the Theater tickets?
Wem hat er die Theaterkarten gegeben?
What is making so much noise?
Was macht so viel Laerm?
What do you see?
Was siehst du?
Who was Konrad?
Wer war Konrad?
Who/What are the Greens?
Wer/Was sind die Gruenen?
Who are you thinking about?
An wen denkst du?
Who(m) did you get a letter from?
Von wem hast du heute einen Brief bekommen?
Whose pencil is that?
Wessen Bleistift ist das?
With whose friend were you just speaking?
Mit wessen Freund hast du gerade gesproche?
Whose yellow pencil is that?
Wessen gelber Bleistift ist das?
What are you thinking about?
Woran denkst du? (very colloquial to say An was denkst du?)
What are you all talking about?
Worueber spricht ihr?
Who are you talking about?
Ueber wen sprechst du?

(Wo compounds refer to things not people)
What cannot be made into a wo compound?
Ausser, zwischen, hinter, ohne, seit, and genetive prepositions.
You went to school without what?
Ohne was bist du in die Schule gegangen?
Which newspaper would you like to read?
Welche Zeitung moechtest du lesen?
Which people did you speak with?
Mit welchem Leuten hast du gesprochen?
What kind of man was he?
Was fuer ein Mann was he?
What kind of car do you want to buy?
Was fuer einen Wagen willst du kaufen?
What kind of house do you live in?
In was fuer einem Haus wohnt ihr?
when
wann
where
wo
to where
wohin
from where
woher
why
warum/weshalb
how
wie
how long
wie lange
how is it that
wieso
how much
wie viel
how many
wie viele
where are you going to?
wohin gehen sie?
where do these people come from?
woher kommen diese Leute?
how is it that you don't understand my question?
wieso verstehst du meine Frage nicht?
May I ask whether you understood the lecture?
Darf if fragen, ob du den Vortrag verstanden hast?
I would like to know where you learned that.
Ich moechte lernen, wo du das gelernt hast.
We'd rather not stop here.
Hier wollen wir lieber nicht halten.
Do you know whether the bus stops here?
Wissen Sie, ob der Bus heir haelt?
come to a stop
halten
to come to a brief or temporary stop
anhalten, stoppen
During the drive we stopped several times
Waehrend der Fahrt haben wir mehrmals angehalten.
to hold something/someone up temporarily
aufhalten
I do not want to hold you up any longer
Ich will dich nicht laenger aufhalten
to stop doing something
Aufhoeren (mit etwas)
to come to a stop
stehen blieben
The girl ran into the house and stopped in front of the mirror.
Das Maedchen lief ins Haus und blieb vor dem Spiegel stehen.
The Doctor first had to stop the blood
Der Arzt musste zuerst den Bluverlust stoppen.
They're dancing happily on top of the wall
Sie tanzen froehlich auf der Mauer
Honking Trabis drive slowly into the west part of the city
Hupende Trabis fahren langsam in den Westteil der Stadt
There are spontaneous conversations everywhere.
Ueberall gibt es spontane Gespraeche
Everywhere one sees spontaneously organized meetings
Ueberal sieht man spontan organisierte Treffen.
One has watched the demonstration in Leipzig before that particular worry
Man hatte die Demonstrationen in Liepzig davor besonders aengstlich angeschaut.
The falling of the wall itself proceeded astonishingly peaceful.
Der Mauerfall selbst ist erstaunlich friedlich verlaufen.
Now, people talk and write about it.
Jetzt spricht man und schreibt man gern darueber.
Many hardly knew what they should do or think
Viele haben kaum gewusst, was sie machen oder denken sollen.
regrettably
bedauerlicherweise
stupidly
dummerweise
amazingly
erstaunlicherweise
fortunately
gluechlicherweise
possibly
moeglicherweise
surprisingly
ueberraschenderweise
case by case
fallweise
in pairs
paarweise
piece by piece
stueckweise
partially
teilweise
now and then
ab und zu
soon
bald
always
immer
sometimes
manchmal
never
nie
often
oft
already
schon
again
wieder
in the beginning
anfangs
(back) then
damals
one morning
eines Morgens
one day
eines Tages
one evening
eines Abends
once (past); some day (future)
einst
One time
einmal
recently
neulich/vor kurzem
(at) first
zuerst/zunaechst
suddenly
auf einmal/ploetzlich
up until then; by then
bis dahin
soon (thereafter)
bald darauf
shortly thereafter
kurz darauf
then
da/dann
after that
danach
still
immer noch
meanwhile
inzwischen/mittlerweile/unterdessen
first, beforehand
vorher
afterwards
nachher
later
spaeter
(ever) since then (since that time)
seitdem/seither
finally, in the end, in conclusion
am Ende/zum Schluss
finally, in the final analysis
schliesslich
finally, at long last
endlich
at last, finally, last
zuletzt
somewhere else
anderswo
there
da
over there
(da) drueben
here/there
hier/dort
(on the) inside/ (on the) outside
innen/aussen
on the left/on the right
links/rechts
nowhere
nirgendwo
above/below
oben/unten
everywhere
ueberall
in front/behind
vorn/hinten
from the left
von links
upward, up stairs
nach oben
downward, to go downstairs
nach unten
from above
von oben
from below/beneath
von unten
to/from the front
nach/von vorn(e)
moreover, furthermore
ausserdam
therefore, thus, for this or that reason, etc
daher, darum, deshalb, deswegen, aus diesem Grunde
nevertheless, yet
dennoch
instead (constrat)
stattdessen
in spite of
trotzdem
conclusion of an idea
am Ende/zum Schluss
final event in series
zuletzt
It's not my fault.
Ich kann nichts dafuer
It all depends
Es kommt darauf an.
That's what counts
Darauf kommt es an
That's how it's going to be
Dabei bleibt es
What do you have to say about that?
Was sagen sie dazu?
It's over
Es ist aus damit.
Out with it
Heraus damit
What good does it do us?
Was haben wir davon?
da compounds cannot be made with
ausser, gegenueber, ohne, seit
Have you received the letter?-No, Im still waiting for it.
Hast du den Brief bekommen? Nein ich warte noch darauf.
Has Martin arrived?-No, Im still waiting for him.
Ist Martin angekommt? Nein, ich warte noch auf ihn.
In this class there are twenty student, among them some quite good ones.
In dieser Klasse sind zwanzig Studenten, unter ihnen einige recht gute.
Soon we will have to move out, but I don't want to think about that now.
Bald werden wir ausziehen muessen, aber daran moechte ich jetzt nicht denken.
I;m interested in medieval history.
Ich interessiere mich fuer mittelalterliche Geschichte.
Im especially interested in finding out more about Friedrich.
Ich bin besonders daran interessiert, mehr ueber Friedrich herauszufinden.
Recently I have been working on how he influenced the European politics of his time.
Neulich habe ich mich damit beschaeftigt, wie er die europaeische Politik seiner Zeit beeinflusst hat.
My parents are looking forward to travelling to Italy.
Meine Eltern freuen sich darauf, nach Italien zu reisen.
My parents are also looking forward to us visiting them soon.
Meine Eltern freuen sich auch darauf, dass wir sie bald besuchen.
I have gotten used to how the spoil us all.
Ich habe mich daran gewoehnt, wie sie uns alle verwoehnen.
What adverbs are used with kommen and gehen and cannot be omitted?
dahin und daher
The difficulties stem from the fact that there is too little room in the students dormitories.
Die Schwierigkeiten kommen daher, dass es zu weing Platz im Studentheim gibt.
The tendency is now to put three students in one room.
Die Tendenz geht jetzt dahin, drei Studenten in einem Zimmer unterzubringen.
We are prepared to offer you a position.
Wir sind dazu bereits, Ihnen eine Stelle einzubieten.
The presence of things or people in a particular place
Es ist/sind
There are always way too many people here
Es sind viel zu Leute hier.
It is a matter of, we are dealing with, etc.
Es handelt sich um, es geht um
book etc is about something
handeln von
What is this novel about?
Wovon handelt dieser Roman?
This Film is about politics.
Dieser Film handelt von Politik.
Tamino is very scared of snakes.
Tamino hat grosse Angst vor Schlangen.
Claire believes in justice.
Claire glaubt an Gerechtigkeit.
Manni is waiting nervously for the money.
Mann wartet nervoes auf das Geld.
The man is dying of hunger.
Der Mann stirbt an Hunger.
I'm dying of hunger.
Ich sterbe vor Hunger.
One can recognize them by their style of singing.
Man erkennt sie an ihrem Gesangsstil.
The furniture hinders Gregor from crawling around.
Die Moebel hindern Gregor am Herumkriechen.
The young woman is annoyed that there are other pretty women sitting in the cafe.
Die junge Frau aergert sich darueber, dass noch andere schoene Fraua im Cafe sitzen.
So she busies herself with attracting the attention of men.
Also beschaeftigit sie sich damit, die Aufmerksamkeit der Maenner zu lenken.
to think of
denken an (acc)
to remind (s.o.) of
(jmdn.) errinern an (acc)
to remember
sich errinern an (acc)
to get accustomed to
sich gewoehnen an (acc)
to believe in
glauben an (acc)
to border on
grenzen an (acc)
to direct (a comment or question) to
sich richten an (acc)
to turn to, appeal to
sich wenden an (acc)
to work on/at
arbeitin an (dat)
to recognize (s.o.) by
(jmdn.) erkennen an (dat)
to delight in
sich freuen an (dat)
to hinder/prevent (s.0.) from (doing sth.)
(jmdn.) hindern an (dat)
to suffer from
leiden an (dat)
to die of/from
sterben an (dat)
to doubt
zweifeln an (dat)
to pay heed to
achten auf (acc)
to answer, respond to
antworten auf (dat)
to keep an eye on, watch out for
aufpassen auf (acc)
to limit oneself to
sich beschraenken auf (acc)
to refer to
sich beziehen auf (acc)
to glance at
blicken auf (acc)
to look forward to
sich freuen auf (acc)
to refer (s.o.) to
(jmdn.) hinweisen auf (acc)
to hope for
hoffen auf (acc)
to listen to, heed
hoeren auf (acc)
to concentrate on
sich konzentrieren auf (acc)
to react to
reagieren auf (acc)
to shoot at
schiessen auf (acc)
to rely upon
sich verlassen auf (acc)
to drink to
trinken auf (acc)
to trust in
vertrauen auf (acc)
to forgo, renounce
verzichten auf (acc)
to wait for
warten auf (acc)
to point to/at
zeigen auf (acc)
to be based upon
beruhen auf (dat)
to insist upon
bestehen auf (daT)
to consist of
bestehen aus (dat)
to deduce from
folgern aus (dat)
to become of
werden aus (dat)
to thank (s.o.) for
(jmdm.) danken fuer (acc)
to regard someone/something as
jmdn./etwas halten fuer (acc)
to decide on
sich entscheiden fuer (acc)
to be interested in
sich interessieren fuer (acc)
to provide for, to look after
sorgen fuer (acc)
to vote for
stimmen fuer (acc)
to agree to
einwilligen in (acc)
to get or fall into (danger, difficulty, etc.)
geraten in (acc)
to fall in love with)
sich verlieben in (acc)
to delve into
sich vertiefen in (acc)
to err, to be mistaken in/about
sich irren in (dat)
to be mistaken about
sich taeuchen in (dat)
to stop doing, cease
aufhoeren mit (dat)
to deal with
sich befassen mit (dat)
to occupy with
sich beschaeftigen mit
to trade or deal in
handeln mit (dat)
to count on
rechnen mit (dat)
to speak on the phone with
telefonieren mit (dat)
to make an appointment with
sich verabreden mit (dat)
to associate with, mix with
verkehren mit (dat)
to get along (well) with
sich vertragen mit (daT)
to judge by/according to how
beurteilen nach (dat)
to inquire about
sich erkundigen nach (dat)
to ask (so) about
jmdn. fragen nack (dat)
to search for, investigate
forschen nach (dat)
to reach for
greifen nach (dat)
to send for
schicken nach (dat)
to scream for
schreien nach (dat)
to long for
sich sehnen nach (dat)
to strive for
streben nach (dat)
to search for
suchen nach (dat)
to look around for
sich umsehen nach (dat)
to look like (something will happen)
aussehen nach (dat)
to sound like
klingen nach (dat)
to smell like
riechen nach (dat)
to taste like
schmecken nach (dat)
to stink of
stinken nach (dat)
to be annoyed about/at
sich aergern ueber (acc)
to complain about
sich beklagen ueber (acc)
to report about/on
berichten ueber (acc)
to complain about
sich beschweren ueber (acc)
to discuss, talk about
diskutieren ueber (acc)
to agree upon
sich einigen ueber (acc)
to be happy about
sich freuen ueber (acc)
to make fun of
sich lustig machen ueber (acc)
to think about, ponder
nachdenken ueber (acc)
to speak about
reden ueber (acc)
to be ashamed of
sich schaemen ueber (acc)
to joke about, ridicule
spotten ueber (acc)
to speak about
sprechen ueber (acc)
to be amazed at
staunen ueber (acc)
to quarrel (with another) about
(sich) streiten ueber (acc)
to converse about
sich unterhalten ueber (acc)
to make pains with
sich bemuehen um (acc)
to envy (so) for
(jmdn) beneiden um (acc)
to apply for
sich bewerben um (acc)
to ask (so) for, request
(jmdn.) bitten um (acc)
to deprive or cause (so) to lose
(jmdn) bringen um (acc)
to fight for
kaempfen um (acc)
to lose, be deprived of
kommen um (acc)
to look after, bother about
sich kuemmern um (acc)
to be anxious, worried about
sich sorgen um (acc)
to play for (stakes)
spielen um (acc)
to bet for (stakes)
wetten um (acc)
it is a matter of
es geht um (acc), es handelt sich um (acc)
to keep, prevent someone from doing something
jmdn. abhalten von (dat)
to depend upon
abhaengen von (dat)
to advise against
abraten von (dat)
to report on
berichten von (dat)
to recover from
sich erholen von (dat)
to tell about
erzaehlen von (dat)
to demand something of
etwas fordern von (dat)
to think highly of
halten (viel) von (dat)
to be about
handeln von (dat)
to live on
leben von (dat)
to speak about
reden von (dat)
to talk about
sprechen von (dat)
to differ from
sich unterscheiden von (dat)
to demand something from/of
etwas verlangen von (dat)
to understand something about
etwas verstehen von (dat)
to know something about
etwas wissen von (dat)
to have respect for
Achtung/Respekt haben vor (dat)
to have fear of
Angst haben vor (dat)
to be frightened of
Erschrecken vor (dat)
to flee from
fliehen vor (dat)
to fear, to be afraid of
sich fuerchten vor (dat)
to be on guard against, watch out for
sich hueten vor (dat)
to scream out of/with
schreien vor (dat)
to protect (so) from
(jmdn) schuetzen vor (dat)
to hide (so) from
(sich) verstecken vor (dat)
to warn (so) of/against/about
(jmdn) warnen vor (dat)
to tremble with, from
zittern vor (dat)
to congratulate (s0) on
(jmdn.) beglueckwuenschen zu (dat)
to contribute something to
(etwas) beitragen zu (dat)
to bring (s0) to the point of
(jmdn.) bringen zu (dat)
to serve a purpose as
dienen zu (dat)
to decide to
sich entschliessen zu (dat)
to lead to
fuehren zu (dat)
to congratulate on
gratulieren zu (dat)
to have an opinion about sthng
etwas meinen zu (dat)
to tend to/toward
neigen zu (dat)
to match, be suited to
passen zu (dat)
to advise to
raten zu (dat)
to persuade to
ueberreden zu (dat)
to become, turn into
werden zu (dat)
to force, compel to
zwingen zu (dat)
it turns out/proves to be
es stellt sich heraus
his attempts proved to be in vain
Seine Versuche stellten sich als vergebens heraus
less formal of it proves to be/it turns out
es zeigt sich
es stellt sich heraus but without es...with a specific thing/idea
sich erweisen als
She was given roses.
Es wurden ihr Rosen geschenkt.
the child was helped.
dem kind wurden geholfen.
The sub was severely damaged by the bomb.
Das U-boot wurde durch die Bombe schwer beschaedigt.
That must be done today.
Das muss heute noch gemacht werden.
The woman could not be reached.
Die Frau konnte nicht erreicht werden.
You will be informed about it.
Du wirst darueber benachrichtigt werden.
statal passive
sein instead of werden, indicates the result of an action. my computer is/ was repaired: Mein Computer ist/war repariert.

If you were to say, "Mein Computer wurde repariert" that would be saying "My computer is being repaired.
to manage to do or accomplish (with effort)
schaffen, schaffte, hat geschafft
to create, make, or bring about
schaffen, schuf, hat geschaffen
She is made for this role.
Sie ist fuer diese Rolle wie geschaffen.
She should have made a date with the traveling salesman from yesterday after all
Sie haette sich mit dem Reisenden von gestern doch verabreden sollen.
She's anxious about the time...
Sie sorgt sich um die Zeit..
What does Gramsci define hegemony to be? Unrelated to Gramsci, what is counter-hegemony?
A cohesive ideology formed when groups of people from different social groups believe in a common ideology that is for the good of all people involved. As in the bourgeois revolution, a merchant class convinced the lower classes that their ideas and leadership was better for the good of the people. It is the making of a broader cohesion between different individuals. Ting: even students had the idea of "you get what you pay for." that represents a broader cultural hegemony. Counter-hegemony is much like hegemony, except that it is the using of hegemonic ideals on a smaller scale as a move toward liberation in some sense or another. An example is with the Zapotec: although the hegemony of coercive harmony was forced upon them by the spanish crown, they were within their own communities able to use this hegemony on a smaller scale and in creative ways to keep the state out by restricting encroachment by keeping their own harmony.
What is power as defined by Foucault and quoted in Nader?
Power is a force that permeates all aspects of social life with no real center and no one employing power tactics. It is constantly in motion and transferring between groups and ideologies. The term controlling processes brings together ideology, hegemony, social, and cultural control in the study of both visible and non visible aspects of power.
Ideology
Is a theory or set of ideas that drives behavior. It can be embedded in a culture as a form of indirect control, such as the idea outlined by Ting that "you get what you pay for."
Societal Control
Control that restricts relations between people and is often perpetrated by laws. Targets how people behave and relate to each other… surveillance, fear of punishment, etc. , more direct, but not always….Not always coercive: BNW….sexual propogation with other people
Cultural Control
more subtle forms of control that are enforced by ourselves and by unwritten forms of laws
Much harder to define.
indirect control
o ideas


Boobies
Indirect control:
control that isn't blatantly regulated, subtle that we don't really notice. There is no actual rule that enforces it; ideological control, incremental, etc.+intermediary processes
Direct control
control that is enforced by actual written rules and there's a clear cut reason for it; coercive forms of control….act a certain way out of fear of dire consequences+no intermediary processes
Counter Hegemony cont
the actions of the subservient group of people to resist the domination and enforcement of ideas upon them.
Controlling Processes
The term that is a cohesive thing of invisible and visible power, entailing ideologies, hegemony,cultural, and social control.
Does the scientific world in A Feeling for the Organism (Keller) differ from the engineering world described by Noble, or the professional world described by Furner?
Similarities: all forms of science,all deal with the rise of new ideas, : what is the definition of science? Keller: scientific method (her intuition vs reductionist method), Furner: definition of sociology (can soc’s be reformists…can they partake in advocacy?); Noble: University as supposedly being a bastion of pure research, but colored by economic interests. Differences: McClintock is written about one person through the view of an individual; Noble comes from a Neo-marxian framework by making the argument that society is created by many different movements (we focused on top down); Furner: somewhat of a synthesis?

In the scientific worl of Keller, the emphasis is not on whether or not her work has monetary effects on society (although money is an issue at times for her) and her research was not driven by big corporations. Her judgment was made by other in her community based on her methods. She was called mad when her theory went against the tacit assumptions/central dogmas. Other problems with her was her ways of scientific testing blah di blah.
With Noble, the scientific world was effected by the desires of the corporations as scientists lost the power of their studies to patents and education was commercialized. For Furner, the problem was more an issue of what was discovered and how it affected big business in a bad way (for noble it was how it affected them in a good way and how they could exploit it). All worlds were based on rules, caution, timing, and precision.
Tacit Assumptions
tacit is more individual…people have certain assumptions that are hard to break from.. Central dogma related more to paradigm.
Incremental Change
change that happens little by little over a long period of time. Ideological power is harder to point out because of this incremental thing going on: Doukas….Hard work replaced by wealth and so forth. With Furner: Social scientists were interested in solving problems of society, then as social scientists became professionalized, interest shifted to more theoretical matters.
Central Dogma
Keller: something taken as an indisputable truth….idea that the gene is the unchanging unit of heredity…McClintock discovered the opposite that sometimes they do rearrange themselves under certain conditions (transposition). BNW: Science as progress. Doukas: Before trusts, labor produced wealth. Then it became for the wealth creating labor.
Controlling Processes, Oppenheimer "A Day After Trinity"
secretiveness, government contorl of bomb post design, separation, camp time, etc.
Controlling Processes in Oldani
Pushing locally going against national, deny deny deny, using him as role model by replacing him with moral character man, demotion, noise pollution on mail blitzes, manipulation: doctor through gaining trust and supporting competition, and nurses, demanding names "DO NOT DETAIL" on articles that are helpful, ignoring FDA adn using own shit, Script tracking, etc.
What are the costs of commercializing the academy according to Derek Bok?
What could potentially happen: faculty might start pursuing lucrative business deals, various depts. Affiliated with various business, state might have to intervene, quality of education and pursuit of knowledge can be greatly undermined. BP

■ Consequences: A university of the future could tenure professors of modest talent because they bring in large amounts of funding, pay high salaries to recruit “celebrity” scholars who improve the schools’ image, admitting less-than-qualified students in return for parental gifts, allowing corporate ads, etc.
■ Endangering Education
o Some of this exists, such as granting admission or having preference for children of major donors
o Corporate influence over curricula and programs for doctors
o This process is apparent in intercollegiate athletics (an old ex of commercialization on campus)
academic freedom
Furner
What do Chomsky and Herman mean by media filters? In the media on the “war” against Iraq, do you detect the workings of control or persuasion?
e American media filters out points of view that are critical of the United States government.

o Media  serve to mobilize support for the special interests that dominate the state and private activity, and that their choices, emphases, and omissions can be understood best in clarity by analyzing them in those terms
Day After Trinity
■ Secret base in NM to do plutonium research. After invention of Oppenheimer’s bomb, he became a celebrity, but called for intl community to control this power. Wanted to prevent abuse
■ Life and ideas eventually became controlled by the state
o Technical arrogance = what we can do with our minds, creating problems we have today
■ Controlling Processes at work:
o Blinded by narrow task of helping the work force; “winning the war”
 Idea that they were just doing their job, following the rules
o Shift in ethics, we became a part of the process
o Isolation of family
o Patriotism --- scientists working towards it
o Secrecy ---- scientific inertia; cant stop when you begin.
o Groupthink --- “it would have happened anyway” conformism in thought
o Ideology that it would have saved the western civilization. Goal: EFFORT TO DO GOOD
o Science as separate from consequence
o Distancing mechanisms – being distant from what reality is. Calling it “a gaget” instead of life destroyers takes out ominous nature.
■ All of the above ideas are cult like. Oppeheimer was a leader – everyone loved him
Sherman
The CP of corporations is universal complicity: we are all adversaries
In Doukas book Worked Over, she covers changes over the past 100 yrs in upper NY state. What were her central findings? Relate to what you have read in excerpts from Noble.
: 1)American democracy went wrong when resources of the country became concentrated within the hands of a few people; 2)ideological control happened over a long period of time: gospel of work to gospel of wealth (wealth creates labor…); )values of the enlightenment: humans can make world a better place through science…trusts drew on that… 3)tend to look at these people at being on the right in politics…they are not right nor left but a culture of their own. Neighborliness etc

Noble: resources of the country became concentrated in the hands of the few: engineers in designing America. Also, cultural change….social relations had to be redesigned… society also changed. We don’t realize that capitalism caused inequalities
Why should an institution pay a professor to teach social doctrines which are contrary to the consensus of opinions of the faculty, supporters of the institution, and community?
academic freedom: furner, advancement of though and discovery: keller
According to Paul Feyerabsend can there be Science in a Free Society? Would Barbara McClintock have agreed? Are democracy and scientific curiosity incompatible? What exactly is he saying?
Feyerband: they can coexist if scientific discoveries are put to a vote by ordinary people also, other forms of knowledge need to coexist with science.

Biggest problem for McClintock is that she was a woman, etc.
What are the major incremental processes using according to Furner to regulate the major social science depts.? Why was controlling social science so important?
Controlling was important to big corporations during the indusrtialization era when lots of rioting was happening from the labor and universities like chicago were being incorporated.

Incremental Processes: 1)advocacy to academia
2)non-academic and academic social scientists...non academics losing power to academic language and use of "doctoral degrees"
3)censorship of ideologies

emphasis on a respect for the scientific method, it became clear that those who could prove to be able to study society scientifically would be the most influential. In 1865, the American Social Science Association was the first postwar group to form for the gathering of information and developing of techniques for ameliorating bad social conditions. They were empirical in their studies, taking the first steps toward the professionalization of social scientists (it should be noted that these were not professionals, only concerned citizens).

However, it should be noted that when the term “Reformers” was used to reference a person of either thought, it was used as degradation

A gap gradually formed by the 1890’s between these two schools of thought, with the ASSA being vernacular, or “for the common man” in their approach, and the academics quickly developing a professional subculture that was inclusive of their own special knowledge and private modes of communication such as journals and so forth.

With control, they won the right to rationalize social institutions and to answerr social questions- a right that persists with very important consequences today.”
Academic Freedom Cases
In relation to this, during the 1880-1890s, a series of academic freedom cases occurred, affecting social science professionalization and spelling out limits of permissible dissent within the emerging social science professions. Eventually, most academic social scientists ceased to ask ethical questions, and instead turned to the goal of recognition as experts with competence in a highly specialized fear. It is this shift that is portrayed in the stories of chapters seven and eight.
Ely and Bemis:
both economists. Both have a certain type of relationship to reform. Both come under scrutiny bc of their public stance on certain unrest with workers against large corporations. Large corps put pressure on Uni. Ely: wins his case by making the case not about academic freedom, but by own personal merit on very specific things. He basically wins bc he is able to narrow it to particular things he said or did, but also bc of his friendships, his position, his own academic work, etc. Bemis: does not have support he needs. People that can support him, don’t in the end. His case becomes more about academic freedom. Get pushed out. Moral of the story: Economics is becoming a science and in this creation of a scientific discipline, people feel one must be objective and not in advocacy. Cannot be associated with reform. Veblen does not get his bc he is theoretical.
Elaborate on the notion of progress as it is played out in the various readings and lectures:
Damn for Trinity, and Worked Over, in all readings:
Elaborate on the notion of progress as it is played out in the various readings and lectures:
Damn for Trinity, and Worked Over, in all readings: Feyerabend (progress form religion or myth to science), Furner: professionalization; can call progress a hegemony.
What are the central mechanisms of control in 1984 and Brave New World? DO they appear in your world?
Read shi shi
What is adversarial law?
when one wins. Colonization Zapotec: historically a shift from contests over indigenous territory to a place and then to an agreement btwn parties. It is usually unequal. Civil Law usually has arbitration.
Double-edged:
Harmony is both hegemonic and counter-hegemonic. Aka It is imposed upon these people (the villagers adopt harmony as a value through colonialism) but are also able to use that value to create a certain kind of autonomy from government institutions. Always mixed bags. She is not saying alternative dispute resolution is bad, but showing how its not always good. Breast implants: what seems to be right outside of control (counter hegemonic) is actually conforming to a norm (cultural hegemony)
Fluidity of power:
provides very position for its opposition….never total opposition but yeah (read naders footnote on hegemony)