Kk&s Ch.40 Motor Skills Ds

Front 1

Children with developmental motor coordination struggle to perform accurately the motor activities of daily life, such as

Back 1

jumping, hopping, running, or catching a ball.
Children with coordination problems may also agonize to use utensils correctly, tie their shoelaces, or write.

Front 2

Dev Coord Ds, prev, gender?
comorb?

Back 2

> in males
5%
other LD's, Lang Ds

Front 3

Developmental coordination disorder and ? disorders have strong associations,

Back 3

communication

Front 4

Neurochemical abnormalities and ? lesions have also been suggested to contribute to coordination deficits

Back 4

parietal lobe

Front 5

Etiologic Factors associated with Dev Coord Ds?

Back 5

The causes of developmental coordination disorder are believed to include both “organic” and “developmental” factors. Risk factors postulated to contribute to this disorder include prematurity, hypoxia, perinatal malnutrition, and low birthweight. Prenatal exposure to alcohol, cocaine, and nicotine has also been hypothesized to contribute to both low birthweight and cognitive and behavioral abnormalities

These findings have implicated the cerebellum as a contributing origin of dysfunction for developmental coordination disorder.

Front 6

Dev Coord Ds how make dx?

Back 6

Diagnosis is based on a history of the child's delay in achieving early motor milestones, as well as on direct observation of current deficits in coordination.

Front 7

DSM for Developmental Coordination Ds?

Back 7

1. Performance in daily activities that require motor coordination is substantially below that expected given the person's chronological age and measured intelligence. This may be manifested by marked delays in achieving motor milestones (e.g., walking, crawling, sitting), dropping things, “clumsiness,” poor performance in sports, or poor handwriting.
2. The disturbance in Criterion A significantly interferes with academic achievement or activities of daily living.
3. The disturbance is not due to a general medical condition (e.g., cerebral palsy, hemiplegia, or muscular dystrophy) and does not meet criteria for a pervasive developmental disorder.
4. If mental retardation is present, the motor difficulties are in excess of those usually associated with it.

Front 8

Dev Coordination Ds TX?

Back 8

After the diagnosis of developmental motor coordination was made, a treatment plan was developed that included private sessions with an occupational therapist who used perceptual-motor exercises to improve his fine motor skills, targeting particularly writing and use of utensils, and a request for an individualized evaluation from the school with a goal of administering an adaptive physical education program. He was also enrolled in a treatment program using motor imagery training to reduce his clumsiness, administered by a psychologist.

Interventions for children with developmental coordination disorder utilize multiple modalities, including visual, auditory, and tactile materials targeting perceptual motor training for specific motor tasks

More recently, motor imagery training has been incorporated into treatment.
This type of intervention is based on the notion that improved internal representation of a movement task will improve a child's actual motor behavior.

Front 9

DDX of Dev Coord Ds?

Back 9

The differential diagnosis includes medical conditions that produce coordination difficulties (e.g., cerebral palsy and muscular dystrophy), pervasive developmental disorders, and mental retardation